Describe 4 P’s of management spectrum giving their significance.

1 Answer

Answer :

The Management Spectrum – 4 Ps and their Significance

Effective software project management focuses on these items (in this order) Deals with the cultivation of motivated, highly skilled people

1. The people

i. Consists of the stakeholders, the team leaders, and the software team

2. The product

i. Product objectives and scope should be established before a project can be planned.

3. The process

i. The software process provides the framework from which a comprehensive plan for software development can be established.

4. The project

i. Planning and controlling a software project is done for one primary reason…it is the only known way to manage complexity

ii. In a 1998 survey, 26% of software projects failed outright, 46% experienced cost and schedule overruns.

Related questions

Description : Describe The 4 P’s In Software Project Management?

Last Answer : Software project management focuses on the four P's: people, product, process, and project. The People: For success of any type of project, the most important factor is the skilled people. ... obtained. 9. The project team lacks people with appropriate skills. 10. Managers [and practitioners]

Description : Describe the Analytical method of project cost estimation with example.

Last Answer : Analytical estimation techniques derive the required results starting with basic assumptions regarding the project. Thus, unlike empirical and heuristic techniques, analytical techniques do have scientific basis. Halstead's ... the program, * N2 be the total number of operands used in the program.

Description : Describe RMMM Strategy.

Last Answer : Risk mitigation, monitoring, and management (RMMM) plan. A risk management strategy can be included in the software project plan or the risk management steps can be organized into a ... associated with implementing them. In essence, the project planner performs a classic cost/benefit analysis.

Description : Effective project management focuses on the four P’s. What are those  four P’s? a. People, performance, payment, product b. People, product, process, project c. People, product, performance, project d. All of the above.

Last Answer : b. People, product, process, project

Description : Explain the concept of black box testing and white box testing.

Last Answer : Black Box Testing: * It is a way of software testing in which the internal structure or the program or the code is hidden and nothing is known about it. * It also known as ... implementation. * White-box testing is time-consuming, bigger programming applications take the time to test fully.

Description : Compare CMMI and ISO for software w.r.to i)scope ii)Approach Iii) Implementation.

Last Answer : Difference between CMMI and ISO based on SCOPE: CMMI is rigid and extends only to businesses developing software intensive systems. ISO is flexible and applicable to all manufacturing industries. CMMI ... in-house teams, or rely on external auditors to see through the implementation process. 

Description : Explain six function of requirement engineering process.

Last Answer : Requirement Engineering: The broad spectrum of tasks and techniques that lead to an understanding of requirements is called requirements engineering. It starts during the communication activity and ... and track requirements and changes to requirements at any time as the project proceeds.

Description : Explain GANTT chart and its application for project tracking with an example. 

Last Answer : When creating software project schedule, we begin with a set of tasks. If automated tools are used, the work breakdown is input as a task network or task outline. Effort, duration and start date are then ... can also use Gantt charts to get an overview of how things are rolling on the work front. 

Description : Enlist core principles of software engineering practice.

Last Answer : 1. Reason it all exists. Provide value to the user 2.Keep it simple stupid 3.Maintain the vision 4. What you reproduce, someone else will have to consume. (implement knowing someone else will have to ... are doing) 5.Be open to the future 6. Plan ahead for reuse Plan ahead for reuse Think!

Description : Explain waterfall process model. State its advantages and disadvantages.

Last Answer : The waterfall model is a traditional method, sometimes called the classic life cycle. This is one of the initial models. As the figure implies stages are cascaded and shall be developed one ... 6. Not suitable for the projects where requirements are at a moderate to high risk of changing.

Description : With an example, explain Line of Code (LOC) based estimation.

Last Answer : LOC-Based Estimation: As an example of LOC and FP problem-based estimation techniques, let us consider a software package to be developed for a computer-aided design application for mechanical components. A ... guide, a preliminary statement of software scope can be developed: Example:

Description : Draw and explain Level 1 DFD for railway reservation system.

Last Answer : The passenger can initiate either Reservation process or Enquiry process; If a user opts for Reservation process then the system shall proceed with ticket generation process and same needs to ... enquiry module then appropriate request shall be entertain and result to be displayed to the user.

Description : Explain Process framework with a suitable diagram.

Last Answer : A process framework establishes the foundation for a complete software process by identifying a small number of framework activities that are applicable to all software projects; In addition, the ... the customer who evaluates the delivered product and provides feedback based on the evaluation.

Description : Explain four basic principles of software project scheduling.

Last Answer : Basic principles software project scheduling:  Compartmentalization: The project must be compartmentalized into a number of manageable activities and tasks. To accomplish compartmentalization, both the product and ... or part of a work product - Work products are often combined in deliverables 

Description : Explain the notations used for preparing a Data Flow diagram.

Last Answer : Circle: A circle (bubble) shows a process that transforms data inputs into data outputs. Data Flow: A curved line shows the flow of data into or out of a process or data store. Data Store: A ... Sink is an external entity and acts as a source of system inputs or sink of system outputs.

Description : State and explain with examples four categories of software.

Last Answer : Types / Categories of Software  1. System Software  1. System software is a collection of programs written to service other programs. 2. Few examples of system software are compilers, editors, ... database access are only a few of hundreds of applications.  Example: Microsoft word, Excel.

Description : Name four software quality assurance activities.

Last Answer : These activities are performed (or facilitated) by an independent SQA group that: i. Prepares an SQA plan for a project. ii. Participates in the development of the project's software ... handled according to a documented procedure. vi. Records any noncompliance and reports to senior management.

Description : Define software quality.

Last Answer : 1.Quality means that a product satisfies the demands of its specifications  2. It also means achieving a high level of customer satisfaction with the product  3. In software systems ... (e.g. maintainability or reusability) * Software specifications are often incomplete, inconsistent, or ambiguous

Description : Name two cost estimation approaches.

Last Answer : * Heuristic Estimation Approach * Analytical Estimation Approach * Empirical Estimation Approach

Description : Define proactive and reactive risk strategy.

Last Answer : Reactive risk strategies Reactive risk strategy follows that the risks have to be tackled at the time of their occurrence. No precautions are to be taken as per this strategy. They ... their probability of occurrence, their impact after occurrence, and steps to be followed for its precaution.

Description : Define software requirement specification.

Last Answer : Concept: A software requirements specification (SRS) is a document that is created when a detailed description of all aspects of the software to be built that must be specified before the ... written by Business Analysts who interact with client and gather the requirements to build the software.

Description : State two characteristics of Software.

Last Answer : Characteristics of software : * Software is developed or engineered; it is not manufactured in the classical sense. * Software doesn’t “wear out.” But it does deteriorate! * Although the industry is moving toward component-based construction, most software continues to be custom built.

Description : Define software. Draw the failure curve for software.

Last Answer : Definition of Software  Software is: 1. Instructions (computer programs) that when executed provide desired features, function, and performance; 2. Data structures that enable the programs to adequately ... hard copy and virtual forms that describes the operation and use of the programs.

Description : What is requirement engg. ? What is its need? What are different subtasks included in it?

Last Answer : Requirement Engineering:- Software process perspective, requirements engineering is a major software engineering action that begins during the communication activity and continues into the modeling activity. ... * Elaboration * Negotiation * Specification * Validation * Requirements management

Description : Write difference between cardinality and modaling.

Last Answer : Cardinality Modality Cardinality defines the range of object-to object Relationships Modality indicates whether or not a relationship between objects is mandatory Expected ... maximum numbers occurrences in relationship It gives minimum numbers occurrences in relationship

Description : Explain incremental process model using suitable diagram.

Last Answer : 1. Incremental model is also called as iterative enhancement model. 2. In this model the software is built in an incremental fashion. 3. Fig shows the project is divided into ... and it should be noted that the process flow for any increment can incorporate the prototyping paradigm. 

Description : Write importance of analysis modeling.

Last Answer : * Designing gets easier to the designer * Better understanding of system can be accomplished * System feasibility can be determined * Defines data objects * Describes data attributes  ... * Refines data objects * Creates a functional hierarchy represent behavior at different levels of detail 

Description : Explain different tasks of regions of spiral model with diagram.

Last Answer : Traditional method or model of software development Also encompasses all the essential development phases: * Requirements analysis * Design * Code * Test * Maintenance  ... appear controllable to the customer, particularly if the customer is more accustomed to the waterfall model.

Description : State attributes of good software.

Last Answer : 1. Functionality: It refers to the degree of performance of the software against its intended purpose. 2. Reliability: It refers to the ability of the software to provide desired functionality ... degree to which the software can keep on functioning in spite of being provided with invalid data.

Description : A diabetic develops a severe perineal infection with skin necrosis, subcutaneous crepitance, and drainage of a thin, watery, grayish and foul-smelling fluid. Management should consist of: a. Gram stain ... normal, healthy tissue can be achieved e. A colostomy is of little benefit in this situation

Last Answer : Answer: a, b, c, d The presence of severe perineal infection (referred to as Fournier gangrene when this process involves the perineum and scrotum in males) is associated with a ... often provides improved wound care and patient management, although it is not invariably a positive outcome

Description : A biocontrol agent to be a part of an integrated pest management should be (a) species-specific and symbiotic (b) free living and broad spectrum (c) narrow spectrum and symbiotic (d) species-specific and inactive on non-target organisms.

Last Answer : (d) species-specific and inactive on non-target organisms.

Description : Name the algae which was used to describe action spectrum of photosynthesis

Last Answer : Name the algae which was used to describe action spectrum of photosynthesis

Description : What term is used to describe a spread spectrum communications system in which a very fast binary bit stream is used to shift the phase of an RF carrier? A. Frequency hopping B. Direct sequence C. Binary phase-shift keying D. Phase compandored spread spectrum

Last Answer : B. Direct sequence

Description : What is the term used to describe a spread spectrum communications system where the center frequency if a conventional carrier is altered many time per second in accordance with a pseudo ... hopping B. Direct sequence C. Time-domain frequency modulation D. Frequency compandored spread spectrum

Last Answer : A. Frequency hopping

Description : Describe block diagram of spectrum analyzer and explain its working

Last Answer : Fig: Block Diagram of Spectrum analyzer. 1. Spectrum analyzer consists of voltage tune oscillator, mixer, IF amplifier, detector, video amplifier, sweep generator and CRT. 2. The input ... on the screen. 8. In this type the signal are broken down into their individual frequency component.

Description : A 55-year-old renal transplant patient has been hospitalized in a Surgical Intensive Care Unit, receiving a prolonged course of antibiotics following an attack of acute cholecystitis. The ... suggest a dosage reduction in immunosuppressive agents until the infection can be adequately controlled

Last Answer : Answer: a, d Infections due to fungal pathogens have become increasingly common during the past decade, frequently occurring in patients undergoing prolonged hospitalization in the Surgical ... agents should be discontinued until evidence of infection is absolutely controlled or is eradicated

Description : Hawthorne studies have underlined the significance of which of the following ? (A) System approach to management (B) Contingency approach to management (C) Modern approach to management (D) Human relations approach to management.

Last Answer : Answer: Human relations approach to management.

Description : What would you do if you attended a sports game, and the "Kiss Cam" chooses you and the person you came with? PS, you came there with your sister.

Last Answer : Will you be my sister? We could totally lezz out, and then we could get our own disgusting reality tv show. Or maybe run for parliment.

Description : Xbox 360 or PS 3?

Last Answer : PS3 but a M$ xbox is cheaper BUT you have to buy EVERYTHING to make it work , so it works out more expensive than a PS3 . The PS3 has better games and BLU-RAY drive it is the future of consoles EVERYONE else has to make one better .

Description : Is possible to play a PS 2 or a XBOX 360 game on a Pc?

Last Answer : On a Pc.This is the final of the question

Description : How can be burned a PS 2 game on a cd?

Last Answer : Is your PS2 modded? If it doesn’t have a modchip, or if you don’t use some type of disc loader system, you can’t play burned games.

Description : Do ectopic pregnancies count towards the G's and P's count? How about molar pregnancies?

Last Answer : Gravida is the number of times pregnant so I would say that the ectopics count towards the G number. Note twins counts as only once pregnant. On to your example. Why do you assume that the ectopic fetuses will be aborted? She could just have easliy be designated G4P2202.

Description : Is there a way that I can back up my old ps, xbox, gamecube, ps2 games onto a computer?

Last Answer : sure, just make it an .ISO, only question is, will your console play the disks if you burn them?

Description : Is there a way I can generate a PS slice from two layers?

Last Answer : answer:Sure, from as many layers as you like, if I am following you correctly. I never merge layers before I slice.

Description : Any Photoshop gurus out there know if PS has a Pathfinder feature like Illustrator?

Last Answer : answer:Pathfinder? Not really; but you could try getting creative with vector masks. This can sort of act like pathfinder. **If you happen to have illustrator you can always import objects into photoshop as smart objects and keep the pathfinder functionality…

Description : PQRS is a square. A is a point on PS ,B is a point on PQ,C is a point on QR. ABC is a triangle inside square PQRS. Angle abc = 90° . If AP=BQ=CR then prove that angle BAC =45° -Maths 9th

Last Answer : This is the sketch of the question but its hard to answer.

Description : In the figure, PSDA is a parallelogram. Points Q and R are taken on PS such that PQ = QR= RS and PA || QB || RC. -Maths 9th

Last Answer : Given In a parallelogram PSDA, points 0 and R are on PS such that PQ = QR = RS and PA || QB || RC. To prove ar (PQE) = ar (CFD) Proof In parallelogram PABQ, and PA||QB [given] So, ... = ΔDCF [by ASA congruence rule] ∴ ar (ΔPQE) = ar (ΔCFD) [since,congruent figures have equal area] Hence proved.

Description : PQRS is a square. A is a point on PS ,B is a point on PQ,C is a point on QR. ABC is a triangle inside square PQRS. Angle abc = 90° . If AP=BQ=CR then prove that angle BAC =45° -Maths 9th

Last Answer : This is the sketch of the question but its hard to answer.

Description : In the figure, PSDA is a parallelogram. Points Q and R are taken on PS such that PQ = QR= RS and PA || QB || RC. -Maths 9th

Last Answer : Given In a parallelogram PSDA, points 0 and R are on PS such that PQ = QR = RS and PA || QB || RC. To prove ar (PQE) = ar (CFD) Proof In parallelogram PABQ, and PA||QB [given] So, ... = ΔDCF [by ASA congruence rule] ∴ ar (ΔPQE) = ar (ΔCFD) [since,congruent figures have equal area] Hence proved.

Description : PQRS is a rectangle in which PQ = 2PS. T and U are the mid-points of PS and PQ respectively. QT and US intersect at V. -Maths 9th

Last Answer : answer: