Primary biliary cirrhosis?

Primary biliary cirrhosis?
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DefinitionPrimary biliary cirrhosis is irritation and swelling (inflammation) of the bile ducts of the liver, which blocks the flow of bile. This obstruction damages liver cells and leads to scarring called cirrhosis.Alternative NamesPBCCauses, incidence, and risk factorsThe cause of inflamed bile ducts in the liver is not known. The disease more commonly affects middle-aged women.Long-term bile obstruction is believed to lead to liver cirrhosis. The disease may be associated with autoimmune disorders such as:Celiac diseaseHypothyroidismRaynaud's phenomenonSicca syndrome (dry eyes or mouth)SymptomsMore than half of patients have no symptoms at the time of diagnosis. Symptoms usually come on gradually and may include:Abdominal painEnlarged liverFatigueFatty deposits under the skinFatty stoo
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Which of the following features would be expected on lipid analysis in a 57 year old female with two year history of primary biliary cirrhosis? 1) A lipaemic appearance of the serum would be expected. 2) is treated with clofibrate therapy 3) is characteristically associated with tendon xanthomas 4) is characteristically associated with palmar xanthomas 5) No evidence of a dyslipidaemia would be expected with this short a duration of disease

Description : Which of the following features would be expected on lipid analysis in a 57 year old female with two year history of primary biliary cirrhosis? 1) A lipaemic appearance of the serum would be ... xanthomas 5) No evidence of a dyslipidaemia would be expected with this short a duration of disease

Last Answer : Answers-4 In prolonged cholestasis features include: increased serum cholesterol, a moderate increase in triglyceride, the serum is not lipaemic, and reduced HDL levels. Clinical features include: ... persisted for more than 3 months sometimes fat deposits may involve bone and peripheral nerves.

In increase in α2-Globulin with loss of albumin in urine suggests (A) Primary immune deficiency (B) Nephrotic syndrome (C) Cirrhosis of liver (D) Multiple myeloma

Description : In increase in α2-Globulin with loss of albumin in urine suggests (A) Primary immune deficiency (B) Nephrotic syndrome (C) Cirrhosis of liver (D) Multiple myeloma

Last Answer : Answer : B

Biliary stricture?

Description : Biliary stricture?

Last Answer : DefinitionA biliary stricture is an abnormal narrowing of the common bile duct, the tube that moves bile (a substance that helps with digestion) from the liver to ... painChillsFeverItchingJaundiceNausea and vomitingPale or clay-colored stoolsSigns and testsThe following tests can help diagnose

Biopsy - biliary tract?

Description : Biopsy - biliary tract?

Last Answer : DefinitionA biliary tract biopsy is a procedure that involves taking a sample of tissue or material from the duodenum, bile ducts, pancreas, or pancreatic duct. The sample is then tested for cancer ... control any bleeding. Pressure may be applied to the puncture site if bleeding continues.If ther

Excretion of conjugated bilirubin from liver cells into biliary canaliculi is defective in (A) Gilbert’s disease (B) Crigler-Najjar syndrome (C) Lucey-Driscoll syndrome (D) Rotor’s syndrome

Description : Excretion of conjugated bilirubin from liver cells into biliary canaliculi is defective in (A) Gilbert’s disease (B) Crigler-Najjar syndrome (C) Lucey-Driscoll syndrome (D) Rotor’s syndrome

Last Answer : Answer : D

Pre- hepatic jaundice occurs because of (A) Increased haemolysis (B) Liver damage (C) Biliary obstruction (D) None of these

Description : Pre- hepatic jaundice occurs because of (A) Increased haemolysis (B) Liver damage (C) Biliary obstruction (D) None of these

Last Answer : Answer : A

All the following statements about obstructive jaundice are true except (A) Prothrombin time may be prolonged due to impaired absorption of vitamin K (B) Serum alkaline phosphatase may be raised due to increased release of the enzyme from liver cells (C) Bile salts may enter systemic circulation due to biliary obstruction (D) There is no defect in conjugation of bilirubin

Description : All the following statements about obstructive jaundice are true except (A) Prothrombin time may be prolonged due to impaired absorption of vitamin K (B) Serum alkaline phosphatase may be raised ... systemic circulation due to biliary obstruction (D) There is no defect in conjugation of bilirubin

Last Answer : Answer : B

Prothrombin time remains prolonged even after parenterals administration of vitamin K in (A) Haemolytic jaundice (B) Liver damage (C) Biliary obstruction (D) Steatorrhoea

Description : Prothrombin time remains prolonged even after parenterals administration of vitamin K in (A) Haemolytic jaundice (B) Liver damage (C) Biliary obstruction (D) Steatorrhoea

Last Answer : Answer : B

Fecal urobilinogen is decreased in (A) Obstruction of biliary duct (B) Hemolytic jaundice (C) Excess fat intake (D) Low fat intake

Description : Fecal urobilinogen is decreased in (A) Obstruction of biliary duct (B) Hemolytic jaundice (C) Excess fat intake (D) Low fat intake

Last Answer : Answer : A

Fecal urobilinogen is increased in (A) Hemolytic jaundice (B) Obstruction of biliary duct (C) Extrahepatic gall stones (D) Enlarged lymphnodes

Description : Fecal urobilinogen is increased in (A) Hemolytic jaundice (B) Obstruction of biliary duct (C) Extrahepatic gall stones (D) Enlarged lymphnodes

Last Answer : Answer : A

Serum lipase is increased in (A) Acute parotitis (B) Acute pancreatitis (C) Infective hepatitis (D) Biliary obstruction

Description : Serum lipase is increased in (A) Acute parotitis (B) Acute pancreatitis (C) Infective hepatitis (D) Biliary obstruction

Last Answer : Answer : A

A 17-year-old patient involved in an automobile accident is paralyzed with multiple peripheral extremity injuries. Nutritional support is instituted with a transnasal feeding catheter. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the patient’s management? a. Feeding into the stomach results in stimulation of the biliary/pancreatic axis which is probably trophic for small bowel b. Gastric secretions will dilute the feedings increasing the risk of diarrhea c. The major risk in this patient is tracheobronchial aspiration d. Placement of the feeding catheter through the pylorus into the first portion of the duodenum reduces the risk of regurgitation and aspiration

Description : A 17-year-old patient involved in an automobile accident is paralyzed with multiple peripheral extremity injuries. Nutritional support is instituted with a transnasal feeding catheter. Which of the ... pylorus into the first portion of the duodenum reduces the risk of regurgitation and aspiration

Last Answer : Answer: a, c, d The use of transnasal feeding catheters for intragastric feeding or for duodenal intubation are popular adjuncts for providing nutritional support by the enteral route. The ... the fourth portion of the duodenum reduces the risk of regurgitation and aspiration of feeding formulas

Which of the following statements about the presence of gallstones in diabetes patients is/are correct? A. Gallstones occur with the same frequency in diabetes patients as in the healthy population. B. The presence of gallstones, regardless of the presence of symptoms, is an indication for cholecystectomy in a diabetes patient. C. Diabetes patients with gallstones and chronic biliary pain should be managed nonoperatively with chemical dissolution and/or lithotripsy because of severe complicating medical conditions and a high operative risk. D. The presence of diabetes and gallstones places the patient at high risk for pancreatic cancer. E. Diabetes patients with symptomatic gallstones should have prompt elective cholecystectomy, to avoid the complications of acute cholecystitis and g

Description : Which of the following statements about the presence of gallstones in diabetes patients is/are correct? A. Gallstones occur with the same frequency in diabetes patients as in the ... have prompt elective cholecystectomy, to avoid the complications of acute cholecystitis and gallbladder necrosis.

Last Answer : Answer: E DISCUSSION: Gallstones have been found to be very prevalent in patients with type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus, perhaps related to the dyslipoproteinemia in ... added mortality associated with it. There is no causal relationship between diabetes and pancreatic cancer

A patient suffers from spisodic pain diffusely localized over the chest and upper abdomen, which is relieved by sublingual glyceryl trinitrate. He could be suffering from (a) Angina pectoris (b) Biliary colic (c) Esophageal spasm (d) All of the above

Description : A patient suffers from spisodic pain diffusely localized over the chest and upper abdomen, which is relieved by sublingual glyceryl trinitrate. He could be suffering from (a) Angina pectoris (b) Biliary colic (c) Esophageal spasm (d) All of the above

Last Answer : Ans: D

A patient suffers from episodic pain diffusely localized over the chest and upper abdomen, which is relieved by sublingual glyceryl trinitrate. He could be suffering from: A. Angina pectoris B. Biliary colic C. Esophageal spasm D. Any of the abov

Description : A patient suffers from episodic pain diffusely localized over the chest and upper abdomen, which is relieved by sublingual glyceryl trinitrate. He could be suffering from: A. Angina pectoris B. Biliary colic C. Esophageal spasm D. Any of the abov

Last Answer : D. Any of the abov

Use of morphine in the following category of patients does not carry any special risk: A. Ischaemic heart disease patients B. Bronchial asthma patients C. Elderly male patients D. Biliary colic patients

Description : Use of morphine in the following category of patients does not carry any special risk: A. Ischaemic heart disease patients B. Bronchial asthma patients C. Elderly male patients D. Biliary colic patients

Last Answer : A. Ischaemic heart disease patients

Which of the following processes plays the major role in terminating the action of phenobarbitone: A. Biliary excretion B. Renal excretion C. Hepatic metabolism D. Redistribution

Description : Which of the following processes plays the major role in terminating the action of phenobarbitone: A. Biliary excretion B. Renal excretion C. Hepatic metabolism D. Redistribution

Last Answer : B. Renal excretion

The smooth muscle stimulating action of 5-HT is most marked in the: A. Bronchi B. Intestines C. Ureter D. Biliary tract

Description : The smooth muscle stimulating action of 5-HT is most marked in the: A. Bronchi B. Intestines C. Ureter D. Biliary tract

Last Answer : B. Intestines

Cirrhosis is a disease that affects which organ? -Do You Know?

Description : Cirrhosis is a disease that affects which organ? -Do You Know?

Last Answer : answer:

Cirrhosis is a disease that affects which organ? -Do You Know?

Description : Cirrhosis is a disease that affects which organ? -Do You Know?

Last Answer : answer:

Cirrhosis is a disease that affects which organ? -Do You Know?

Description : Cirrhosis is a disease that affects which organ? -Do You Know?

Last Answer : answer:

Cirrhosis is a disease that affects which organ? -Do You Know?

Description : Cirrhosis is a disease that affects which organ? -Do You Know?

Last Answer : answer:

Cirrhosis is a disease that affects which organ? -Do You Know?

Description : Cirrhosis is a disease that affects which organ? -Do You Know?

Last Answer : answer:

Cirrhosis is a disease that affects which organ? -Do You Know?

Description : Cirrhosis is a disease that affects which organ? -Do You Know?

Last Answer : Cirrhosis is a long-term (chronic) liver disease. The damage to your liver builds up over time. The liver is your body's largest internal organ. It lies up under your ribs on the right side of your belly.

What is cirrhosis ?

Description : What is cirrhosis ?

Last Answer : cirrhosis ( English pronunciation: / sɪˈroʊsɪs /) or liver cirrhosis is a chronic disease of the human liver that can result from chronic lesions and in severe cirrhosis the liver can lose its function and lead to ... attacks. Liver cirrhosis can also occur for unknown reasons.

How does cirrhosis of the liver manifest itself

Description : What are the symptoms? Thanks

Last Answer : Miscellaneous - read - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatic_cirhosis. If you suspect, do not delay the examination - although the only effective treatment is liver transplantation, a suitable diet can slow the progression of the disease.

What happens the body when cirrhosis develops?

Description : What happens the body when cirrhosis develops?

Last Answer : The Liver fills with fat :)

Cirrhosis?

Description : Cirrhosis?

Last Answer : DefinitionCirrhosis is scarring of the liver and poor liver function as a result of chronic liver disease.Alternative NamesLiver cirrhosisCauses, incidence, and risk factorsCirrhosis is caused by ... ) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)SymptomsSymptoms may develop gradually, or there may be

Liver Disease: Cirrhosis?

Description : Liver Disease: Cirrhosis?

Last Answer : Cirrhosis is a form of liver disease in which healthy liver tissue is replaced by scar tissue, leading to a loss of function. It is most commonly associated with Alcoholism, but can also be caused by ... , and practice safe sex at all times. Eat a healthy diet low in saturated fats, as well.

Cirrhosis Of The Liver Stages?

Description : Cirrhosis Of The Liver Stages?

Last Answer : There are many myths regarding the stages of cirrhosis of the liver. Many people believe that cirrhosis only occurs in heavy drinkers, while others think they are safe from the disease simply because they avoid ... to spot the symptoms of this disease if you understand it, and know what to look for.

In case of wilson’s disease, the features include all of the following except (A) Progressive hepatic cirrhosis (B) Keyser Fleisher ring (C) Aminoaciduria (D) Urinary excretion of Cu is decreased

Description : In case of wilson’s disease, the features include all of the following except (A) Progressive hepatic cirrhosis (B) Keyser Fleisher ring (C) Aminoaciduria (D) Urinary excretion of Cu is decreased

Last Answer : Answer : D

Ceruloplasmin is absent in (A) Cirrhosis of liver (B) Wilson’s disease (C) Menke’s disease (D) Copper deficiency

Description : Ceruloplasmin is absent in (A) Cirrhosis of liver (B) Wilson’s disease (C) Menke’s disease (D) Copper deficiency

Last Answer : Answer : B

Serum ferroxidase level decreases in (A) Gaucher’s disease (B) Cirrhosis of liver (C) Acute pancreatitis (D) Wilson’s disease ENZYMES 143

Description : Serum ferroxidase level decreases in (A) Gaucher’s disease (B) Cirrhosis of liver (C) Acute pancreatitis (D) Wilson’s disease ENZYMES 143

Last Answer : Answer : D

A decrease in albumin with increased production of other unidentified proteins which migrate in β, γ region suggests (A) Cirrhosis of liver (B) Nephrotic syndrome (C) Infection (D) Chronic lymphatic leukemia

Description : A decrease in albumin with increased production of other unidentified proteins which migrate in β, γ region suggests (A) Cirrhosis of liver (B) Nephrotic syndrome (C) Infection (D) Chronic lymphatic leukemia

Last Answer : Answer : A

Uremia occurs in (A) Cirrhosis of the liver(B) Nephritis (C) Diabetes mellitus (D) Coronary thrombosis

Description : Uremia occurs in (A) Cirrhosis of the liver(B) Nephritis (C) Diabetes mellitus (D) Coronary thrombosis

Last Answer : Answer : B

Restriction of salt intake is generally recommended in (A) Diabetes mellitus (B) Hypertension (C) Cirrhosis of liver (D) Peptic ulcer

Description : Restriction of salt intake is generally recommended in (A) Diabetes mellitus (B) Hypertension (C) Cirrhosis of liver (D) Peptic ulcer

Last Answer : B

A 55-year-old patient with severe posthepatitis cirrhosis is started on a diuretic for another condition. Two days later he is found in a coma. The drug most likely to cause coma in a patient with cirrhosis is (a) Acetazolamide (b) Amiloride (c) Furosemide (d) Hydrochlorothiazide (e) Spironolactone

Description : A 55-year-old patient with severe posthepatitis cirrhosis is started on a diuretic for another condition. Two days later he is found in a coma. The drug most likely to cause coma in a patient with cirrhosis is (a) Acetazolamide (b) Amiloride (c) Furosemide (d) Hydrochlorothiazide (e) Spironolactone

Last Answer : Ans: A

People consuming alcohol in heavy quantities generally die of – (1) liver or stomach cancer (2) weakening of heart muscles leading to cardiac arrest (3) blood cancer (4) Cirrhosis

Description : People consuming alcohol in heavy quantities generally die of – (1) liver or stomach cancer (2) weakening of heart muscles leading to cardiac arrest (3) blood cancer (4) Cirrhosis

Last Answer : (4) Cirrhosis Explanation: Cirrhosis is a condition in which the liver does not function properly due to longterm damage. This damage is characterized by the replacement of normal liver tissue by scar tissue.

Heavy alcohol consuming people generally die of (1) blood cancer (2) cirrhosis (3) liver or stomach cancer (4) weakening of heart muscles leading to cardiac arrest

Description : Heavy alcohol consuming people generally die of (1) blood cancer (2) cirrhosis (3) liver or stomach cancer (4) weakening of heart muscles leading to cardiac arrest

Last Answer : (2) cirrhosis Explanation: Cirrhosis is scarring of the liver and poor liver function. It is the final phase of chronic liver disease which may result from a history of excess drinking habits. Cirrhosis is most commonly caused by alcoholism, hepatitis B and hepatitis C, and fatty liver disease.

Which organ is affected by cirrhosis?

Description : Which organ is affected by cirrhosis?

Last Answer : Liver

The toxicity of which of the following heavy metals leads to Liver cirrhosis? A. Copper (Answer) B. Lead C. Mercury D. Zinc

Description : The toxicity of which of the following heavy metals leads to Liver cirrhosis? A. Copper (Answer) B. Lead C. Mercury D. Zinc

Last Answer : A. Copper (Answer)

Cirrhosis of liver is caused by the chronic intake of (a) opium (b) alcohol (c) tobacco (chewing) (d) cocaine

Description : Cirrhosis of liver is caused by the chronic intake of (a) opium (b) alcohol (c) tobacco (chewing) (d) cocaine

Last Answer : b) alcohol

Which one of the following is a protein deficiency disease? (a) Kwashiorkor (b) Night blindness (c) Eczema (d) Cirrhosis

Description : Which one of the following is a protein deficiency disease? (a) Kwashiorkor (b) Night blindness (c) Eczema (d) Cirrhosis

Last Answer : (a) Kwashiorkor

Which of the following terms is used to describe a chronic liver disease in which scar tissue surrounds the portal areas? a) Alcoholic cirrhosis This type of cirrhosis is due to chronic alcoholism and is the most common type of cirrhosis.

Description : Which of the following terms is used to describe a chronic liver disease in which scar tissue surrounds the portal areas? a) Alcoholic cirrhosis This type of cirrhosis is due to chronic alcoholism and ... to the state of liver disease in which the liver continues to be able to function effectively.

Last Answer : a) Alcoholic cirrhosis This type of cirrhosis is due to chronic alcoholism and is the most common type of cirrhosis.

According to the American Society of Anesthesiology Physical Status Classification System, a patient with severe systemic disease that is not incapacitating is noted to have physical status classification a) P3 Classification P3 patients are those who have compensated heart failure, cirrhosis, or poorly controlled diabetes, for example. b) P4 Classification P4 patients have an incapacitating systemic disease that is a constant threat to life. c) P1 Classification P1 refers to a normal healthy patient d) P2 Classification P2 reflects a patient with mild systemic disease

Description : According to the American Society of Anesthesiology Physical Status Classification System, a patient with severe systemic disease that is not incapacitating is noted to have physical status ... normal healthy patient d) P2 Classification P2 reflects a patient with mild systemic disease

Last Answer : a) P3 Classification P3 patients are those who have compensated heart failure, cirrhosis, or poorly controlled diabetes, for example.

Cirrhosis is a disease that affects which organ?

Description : Cirrhosis is a disease that affects which organ?

Last Answer : Liver

You may suspect poor reaction to bleeding if there is a history of: A. Cirrhosis of liver B. Hypertension

Description : You may suspect poor reaction to bleeding if there is a history of: A. Cirrhosis of liver B. Hypertension

Last Answer : A. Cirrhosis of liver

A 65 years-old woman arrived for dental therapy. The answered questionnaire shows that she is suffering from severe cirrhosis. The problem that can be anticipated in the routine dental therapy is: A. Extreme susceptibility to pain B. Tendency towards prolonged haemorrhage C. Recurring oral infection D. Increased tendency to syncope E. Difficulty in achieving adequate local anaesthesia

Description : A 65 years-old woman arrived for dental therapy. The answered questionnaire shows that she is suffering from severe cirrhosis. The problem that can be anticipated in the routine dental ... oral infection D. Increased tendency to syncope E. Difficulty in achieving adequate local anaesthesia

Last Answer : B. Tendency towards prolonged haemorrhage

A patient of liver cirrhosis with ascitis was treated with hydrochlorothiazide 50 mg twice daily. He responded initially, but over a couple of months the diuretic action gradually diminished and ascitis again appeared. Select the measure to reinduce diuresis: A. Increase hydrochlorothiazide dose to 100 mg twice daily B. Add acetazolamide 250 mg twice daily C. Add spironolactone 50 mg thrice daily D. Substitute hydrochlorothiazide by spironolactone 50 mg 6 hourly

Description : A patient of liver cirrhosis with ascitis was treated with hydrochlorothiazide 50 mg twice daily. He responded initially, but over a couple of months the diuretic action gradually diminished ... Add spironolactone 50 mg thrice daily D. Substitute hydrochlorothiazide by spironolactone 50 mg 6 hourly

Last Answer : C. Add spironolactone 50 mg thrice daily

he current therapeutic indication of acetazolamide is: A. Congestive heart failure B. Renal insufficiency C. Cirrhosis of liver D. Glaucoma

Description : he current therapeutic indication of acetazolamide is: A. Congestive heart failure B. Renal insufficiency C. Cirrhosis of liver D. Glaucoma

Last Answer : D. Glaucoma