Description : A patient of liver cirrhosis with ascitis was treated with hydrochlorothiazide 50 mg twice daily. He responded initially, but over a couple of months the diuretic action gradually diminished ... Add spironolactone 50 mg thrice daily D. Substitute hydrochlorothiazide by spironolactone 50 mg 6 hourly
Last Answer : C. Add spironolactone 50 mg thrice daily
Description : Relatively higher dose of theophylline is required to attain therapeutic plasma concentration in: A. Smokers B. Congestive heart failure patients C. Those receiving erythromycin D. Those receiving cimetidine
Last Answer : A. Smokers
Description : Which of the following statements most closely describes the current status of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors in congestive heart failure: A. They are the first choice drugs unless contraindicated B. ... substitute for digitalis D. They are to be used as adjuncts only in resistant cases
Last Answer : D. They are to be used as adjuncts only in resistant cases
Description : A patient of congestive heart failure was being treated with furosemide and digoxin. He developed urinary tract infection. Which of the following antimicrobials should be avoided: A. Ampicillin B. Gentamicin C. Norfloxacin D. Cotrimoxazole
Last Answer : B. Gentamicin
Description : Acute renal failure (ARF) may be caused by all of the following except (a) Acute tubular necrosis (ATN) due to drug therapy (e.g., aminoglycosides, contrast media) (b) Severe hypotension ... (c) Decreased cardiac output, as from congestive heart failure (d) Hemolysis, myoglobinuria (e) Hyperkalemia
Last Answer : Ans: E
Description : Select the antibiotic whose dose must be reduced in patients with renal insufficiency: A. Ampicillin B. Chloramphenicol C. Tobramycin D. Erythromycin
Last Answer : C. Tobramycin
Description : Plasma expanders are used in the following conditions except: A. Congestive heart failure B. Extensive burns C. Mutilating injuries D. Endotoxin shock
Last Answer : A. Congestive heart failure
Description : Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors are contraindicated in: A. High renin hypertensives B. Diabetics C. Congestive heart failure patients D. Pregnant women
Last Answer : D. Pregnant women
Description : Furosemide is to be preferred over hydrochlorothiazide when hypertension is accompanied by: A. Asthma B. Hyperuricaemia C. Diabetes D. Congestive heart failure
Last Answer : D. Congestive heart failure
Description : Select the drug which is an ‘inodilator’ beneficial in refractory congestive heart failure: A. Nicorandil B. Amiodarone C. Amrinone D. Carvedilol
Last Answer : C. Amrinone
Description : The following drug is used for short-term control of emergency heart failure, but not for long-term treatment of congestive heart failure: A. Digoxin B. Ramipril C. Dobutamine D. Spironolactone
Last Answer : C. Dobutamine
Description : The dose of digoxin in congestive heart failure is adjusted by monitoring: A. Electrocardiogram B. Heart rate and symptoms of CHF C. Blood pressure D. Plasma digoxin levels
Last Answer : B. Heart rate and symptoms of CH
Description : Digitalis slows the heart in congestive heart failure by: A. Increasing vagal tone B. Decreasing sympathetic overactivity C. Direct depression of sinoatrial node D. All of the above
Last Answer : D. All of the above
Description : The following drug has been demonstrated to retard progression of left ventricular dysfunction and prolong survival of congestive heart failure patients: A. Digoxin B. Furosemide C. Enalapril D. Amrinone
Last Answer : C. Enalapril
Description : The following drug increases cardiac output in congestive heart failure without having any direct myocardial action: A. Captopril B. Digoxin C. Amrinone D. Dobutamine
Last Answer : A. Captopril
Description : Complications of over treatment with thyroxine include the following except: A. Auricular fibrillation B. Angina pectoris C. Congestive heart failure D. Acceleration of atherosclerosis
Last Answer : D. Acceleration of atherosclerosis
Description : 17.6 Complications of over treatment with thyroxine include the following except: A. Auricular fibrillation B. Angina pectoris C. Congestive heart failure D. Acceleration of atherosclerosis
Description : The basis for use of β-adrenergic blockers in congestive heart failure (CHF) is: A. They exert positive inotropic effect in CHF B. They counteract deleterious effect of sympathetic overactivity on the myocardium C. They exert antiischaemic effect on the heart D. They prevent cardiac arrhythmias
Last Answer : B. They counteract deleterious effect of sympathetic overactivity on the myocardium
Description : In patients of congestive heart failure, β-adrenergic blockers: A. Are absolutely contraindicated B. Can prolong survival C. Can improve haemodynamics after compensation has been restored D. Both B and C are correct
Last Answer : D. Both B and C are correct
Description : The basis for use of β -adrenergic blockers in congestive heart failure (CHF) is: A. They exert positive inotropic effect in CHF B. They counteract deleterious effect of sympathetic overactivity on the myocardium C. They exert antiischaemic effect on the heart D. They prevent cardiac arrhythmias
Description : In patients of congestive heart failure, β -adrenergic blockers: A. Are absolutely contraindicated B. Can prolong survival C. Can improve haemodynamics after compensation has been restored D. Both B and C are correct
Description : The site of action of miotics for therapeutic effect in angle closure glaucoma is: A. Canal of Schlemm B. Ciliary body C. Ciliary muscle D. Sphincter pupillae muscle
Last Answer : D. Sphincter pupillae muscle
Description : Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors afford maximum protection against progression of heart failure when used: A. At the higher therapeutic dose range over long term B. At the maximum tolerated dose only till ... restored C. At low doses over long term D. At low doses along with diuretics/digoxi
Last Answer : A. At the higher therapeutic dose range over long term
Description : A 55-year-old patient with severe posthepatitis cirrhosis is started on a diuretic for another condition. Two days later he is found in a coma. The drug most likely to cause coma in a patient with cirrhosis is (a) Acetazolamide (b) Amiloride (c) Furosemide (d) Hydrochlorothiazide (e) Spironolactone
Last Answer : Ans: A
Description : A drug that is useful in glaucoma and high-altitude sickness is (a) Acetazolamide (b) Amiloride (c) Demeclocycline (d) Desmopressin (e) Ethacrynic acid
Description : he dominant pharmacokinetic feature of penicillin G is: A. It is equally distributed extra- and intracellularly B. It is rapidly secreted by proximal renal tubules C. It has low oral bioavailability ... pass metabolism in liver D. It does not cross blood-CSF barrier even when meninges are inflamed
Last Answer : B. It is rapidly secreted by proximal renal tubules
Description : Which of the following conditions is an indication for the use of calcitonin? (a) Chronic renal failure (b) Hypoparathyroidism (c) Intestinal osteodystrophy (d) Pager’s disease (e) Rickets
Last Answer : Ans: D
Description : The primary action by which entacapone and tolcapone enhance the therapeutic effect of levodopa-carbidopa in parkinsonism is: A. Inhibition of levodopa methylation in the liver B. Inhibition of ... of dopamine in the brain D. Facilitation of active transport of levodopa across brain capillaries
Last Answer : A. Inhibition of levodopa methylation in the liver
Description : Your patient is to receive a selective ß2 stimulant drug ß2 selective stimulant are often effective in (a) Angina due to coronary insufficiency (b) Asthma (c) Chronic heart failure (d) Delayed or insufficiently strong labor (e) All of the above
Last Answer : Ans: B
Description : Select the diuretic that is most effective in acute congestive glaucoma: A. Indapamide B. Amiloride C. Mannitol D. Furosemide
Last Answer : C. Mannitol
Description : Neovascular glaucoma follows: a. Thrombosis of central retinal vein b. Acute congestive glaucoma c. Staphylococcal infection d. Hypertension
Last Answer : ANSWER: A
Description : A female patient 18 years old, who is contact lens wearer since two years, is complaining of redness, lacrimation and foreign body sensation of both eyes. On examination, visual acuity ... uveitis. b. Giant papillary conjunctivitis. c. Bacterial corneal ulcer. d. Acute congestive glaucoma
Last Answer : ANSWER: B
Description : A patient of chronic renal failure maintained on intermittent haemodialysis has anaemia not responding to iron therapy. Which of the following additional drug is indicated: A. Epoetin B. Cyanocobalamin C. Folic acid D. Pyridoxine
Last Answer : A. Epoetin
Description : Recombinant human erythropoietin is indicated for: A. Megaloblastic anaemia B. Haemolytic anaemia C. Anaemia in patients of thalassemia D. Anaemia in chronic renal failure patients
Last Answer : D. Anaemia in chronic renal failure patients
Description : Folinic acid is specifically indicated for: A. Prophylaxis of neural tube defect in the offspring of women receiving anticonvulsant medication B. Counteracting toxicity of high dose methotrexate C. Pernicious anaemia D. Anaemia associated with renal failure
Last Answer : C. Pernicious anaemia
Description : The following is true of mannitol except: A. It inhibits solute reabsorption in the thick ascending limb of loop of Henle B. It is contraindicated in patients with increased intracranial tension C. It ... acute left ventricular failure D. It is not used to treat cardiac or hepatic or renal edema
Last Answer : B. It is contraindicated in patients with increased intracranial tension
Description : Select the diuretic which is orally active, efficacious in acidosis as well as alkalosis, causes diuresis even in renal failure and has additional carbonic anhydrase inhibitory action: A. Mannitol B. Benzthiazide C. Indapamide D. Furosemide
Last Answer : D. Furosemide
Description : n a failing heart therapeutic dose of digoxin has no effect on the following parameter: A. Cardiac output B. Heart rate C. Tone of ventricular fibres D. Cardiac vagal tone
Last Answer : C. Tone of ventricular fibres
Description : According to the American Society of Anesthesiology Physical Status Classification System, a patient with severe systemic disease that is not incapacitating is noted to have physical status ... normal healthy patient d) P2 Classification P2 reflects a patient with mild systemic disease
Last Answer : a) P3 Classification P3 patients are those who have compensated heart failure, cirrhosis, or poorly controlled diabetes, for example.
Description : Select the diuretic that can cause gynaecomastia, hirsutism and menstrual disturbance as a side effect on long-term use: A. Amiloride B. Spironolactone C. Metolazone D. Acetazolamide
Last Answer : B. Spironolactone
Description : The following is not itself an efficacious diuretic, and is used only as an adjuvant/corrective to other diuretics: A. Acetazolamide B. Metolazone C. Spironolactone D. Indapamide
Last Answer : C. Spironolactone
Description : Which of the following has a ‘self limiting diuretic’ (action of the drug itself causing changes which limit further diuresis) action: A. Indapamide B. Spironolactone C. Xipamide D. Acetazolamide
Last Answer : D. Acetazolamide
Description : At equinatriuretic doses which diuretic causes the maximum K+ loss: A. Furosemide B. Hydrochlorothiazide C. Acetazolamide D. Amiloride
Last Answer : C. Acetazolamide
Description : The most appropriate measure to overcome diminished responsiveness to furosemide after its longterm use is: A. Switching over to parenteral administration of furosemide B. Addition of a thiazide diuretic C. Addition of acetazolamide D. Potassium supplementation
Last Answer : B. Addition of a thiazide diuretic
Description : The following diuretic abolishes the corticomedullary osmotic gradient in the kidney: A. Acetazolamide B. Furosemide C. Hydrochlorothiazide D. Spironolactone
Last Answer : B. Furosemide
Description : The following is a competitive type of enzyme inhibitor: A. Acetazolamide B. Disulfiram C. Physostigmine D. Theophylline
Last Answer : C. Physostigmine
Description : People consuming alcohol in heavy quantities generally die of – (1) liver or stomach cancer (2) weakening of heart muscles leading to cardiac arrest (3) blood cancer (4) Cirrhosis
Last Answer : (4) Cirrhosis Explanation: Cirrhosis is a condition in which the liver does not function properly due to longterm damage. This damage is characterized by the replacement of normal liver tissue by scar tissue.
Description : Heavy alcohol consuming people generally die of (1) blood cancer (2) cirrhosis (3) liver or stomach cancer (4) weakening of heart muscles leading to cardiac arrest
Last Answer : (2) cirrhosis Explanation: Cirrhosis is scarring of the liver and poor liver function. It is the final phase of chronic liver disease which may result from a history of excess drinking habits. Cirrhosis is most commonly caused by alcoholism, hepatitis B and hepatitis C, and fatty liver disease.
Last Answer : cirrhosis