What is an example of a reproductive barrier that may separate two similar species?

What is an example of a reproductive barrier that may separate two similar species?
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a landslide blocking the valley that the groups used to cross to get to each othera change in number of chromosomes in one group (e.g. human chromosome #1 being the end to end joining of two chromosomes of our last prehuman ancestor, reducing the number of chromosome pairs from 24 to 23) making successful intergroup breeding difficult to impossible even though the two groups may still live together
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