Description : List four dielectric materials used for capacitors.
Last Answer : 1. Mica, glass, ceramic 2. High permittivity ceramic 3. Paper and metallized paper 4. Electrolytic : Oxide film, tantalum 5. Dielectrics such as polystyrene, polythene polytetrafluoroethylene.
Description : List different types of capacitors? State the dielectric materials used for it.
Last Answer : Types of capacitors: 1. Electrolytic capacitor 2. Variable capacitor 3. Air ganged capacitor 4. PVC ganged capacitor 5. Trimmer capacitor Dielectric materials used in capacitors: 1. Air 2. ... Ceramic 5. Porcelain 6. Polystyrene. 7. Fibre 8. Bakelite 9. Waxed paper 10.Plastic
Description : Draw construction of PVC gang capacitor and describe it’s working.
Last Answer : Diagram Working In plastic core capacitor, poly-vinyl chloride (PVC) type of plastic film is used as dielectric between the fixed & movable vanes instead of air. This increases ... & results in great reduction of size of capacitor in comparison with the air core capacitor.
Description : Describe construction of Aluminium Electrolytic capacitor.
Last Answer : A plain foil dry electrolytic capacitor is made by forming a coating of aluminium oxide on both sides of an aluminium foil. Two strips of aluminium foil used are then separated by two layers of porous ... is rolled up the ends closed with wax and then sealed into an aluminium container.
Description : Explain the colour coding using colour band system in capacitor with an example.
Last Answer : 1. First and second band gives the significant digit reading from left to right. 2. Third colour band gives the multiplier. 3. Fourth colour band gives the tolerance value. 4. Fifth and sixth bands ... , Violet, Yellow To find : Value of capacitor Solution: Yellow: 4 Violet: 7
Description : Draw the circuit diagram of shunt capacitor filter along with full wave rectifier. Draw the waveform of full wave rectifier output and shunt capacitor filter output.
Last Answer : Fig: Shunt capacitor filter along with full wave rectifier Fig: Waveform of full wave rectifier output and shunt capacitor filter output.
Description : Write four specifications of capacitor. Write the range of values for any one type of capacitor.
Last Answer : Specifications of capacitor are: i. Working voltage ii. Capacitive reactance iii. Dissipation factor iv. Frequency characteristics v. Equivalent series resistance vi. Quality Factor vii. Tolerance Electrolytic capacitor= 0.47μF to 10,000μF
Description : Explain the working principle of electrolytic capacitor.
Last Answer : Principle: Electrolytic capacitors are using a chemical feature of some special metals, on which by anodically oxidation, an insulating oxide layer or dielectric originates. The metal is placed in an ... form the thin oxide dielectric, this type of capacitor is called electrolytic'.
Description : With help of constructional diagram, explain working of air-gang capacitor.
Last Answer : Construction of air-gang capacitor : Air gang capacitors are capacitors which use air as their dielectric. The simplest air capacitors are made of two conductive plates separated by an air gap. ... capacitor. The rotor plates are attached to the shaft that is used to adjust the capacitance.
Description : With help of circuit diagram and waveform, explain shunt capacitor filter.
Last Answer : Circuit diagram and Waveform: OR Explanation: A filter circuit is one which removes the ac component present in the rectified output and allows the dc component to reach the ... which allows ac components. The remaining dc components present in the signal are collected at the output.
Description : State any Four specifictions of capacitor and explain any two in details.
Last Answer : Specifictions of capacitor: 1.Dielectric material 2.Capacitance value 3.Working voltage 4.Tolerence 5.Temperature coefficient 6.Power factor 7.C/V ratio 9.Insulation resistance Explanation: 1.Working ... side from actual value. 4.C/V ratio: It is the ratio of capacitance to volume.
Description : State the advantages and disadvantages of series inductor and shunt capacitor filter.
Last Answer : Advantages of series inductor filter 1. It has low ripple factor at heavy load currents (i.e. low load resistance) 2. It has no surge current through the diode. 3. It reduces the ripple in the DC ... . 3. It has low output voltages for heavy loads. 4. Ripple factor is dependent on the load.
Description : State the functions of following essential parts of electrolytic capacitor. 1. Aluminium foil 2. Oxide film 3. Spacers 4. Aluminium container
Last Answer : 1. Aluminium Foil – It serves as a positive electrode called anode 2. Oxide film – It acts as a dielectric medium. 3. Spacer- It is used to provide separation and hold the electrolyte. 4. Aluminium container- It serves as a negative electrode called cathode.
Description : State the specifications of capacitor.
Last Answer : The important specifications of capacitor are: 1. Capacitance ( C ) Value 2. Dielectric material 3. Working Voltage (WV) 4. Power factor 5. Physical Size 6. Insulation resistance 7. C/ ... ( %) 9 Leakage Current 10 Temperature Coefficient (TC) 11 Equivalent Series Resistance ( ESR )
Description : Describe working of variable air gang capacitor with neat sketch.
Last Answer : ( OR) working: Consider the structure of the above figure. It mainly consists of two sets of aluminium plates separated from each other by air. These metal plates may be rotary or ... when the shaft is rotated. Sometimes, two or more such capacitors are operated by a single shaft.
Description : Draw and describe constructional diagram of electrolytic capacitor.
Last Answer : Electrolytic capacitor is a polarized capacitor. This type of capacitor consists of pasty, semiliquid electrolyte between aluminum foil electrodes or plates. An electrolytic capacitor is a type ... the ends closed with wax and then sealed into an aluminium container as shown in fig.
Description : Draw the symbol of i) Iron core inductor ii) variable capacitor iii) resistor iv) Ferrite core inductor
Last Answer : Iron core inductor: Ferrite core inductor:
Description : Give the detail classification of capacitor.
Last Answer : classification of capacitor :
Description : Define permeability and reluctivity of magnetic material.
Last Answer : Permeability is the capability of a specific material to allow the flow of magnetic flux more easily. Thus higher permeability enables a material to pass more magnetic flux. Reluctivity is equal to the ratio of the intensity of the magnetic field to the magnetic induction of the material.
Description : State operating principle of LED. Write material names used to manufacture LED.
Last Answer : Principle of Operation of LED: When an LED is forward biased, the electron in the n-region will cross the junction and recombine with the holes is p-type. When the recombination takes ... Gallium Arsenide Phosphite (GaAsP) : Red or Yellow. Gallium Phosphite (GaP) : Red or Green.
Description : Draw the B-H curve for hard and soft magnetic material.
Last Answer : Diagram: The B-H curve for hard and soft magnetic material
Description : Which material is used for manufacturing of following LED ? (i) Infrared LED (ii) Red or Green LED (ii) Red or Yellow LED (iv) Blue LED
Last Answer : Infrared LED : Aluminum gallium arsenide (AlGaAs) Red or Green LED: Indium gallium nitride (InGaN), Aluminum gallium arsenide (AlGaAs) Red or Yellow LED : Aluminum gallium indium phosphide (AlGaInP), Aluminum gallium arsenide (AlGaAs) Blue LED : Indium gallium nitride (InGaN)
Description : What is magnetic material ? State it’s two applications.
Last Answer : Magnetic materials are those materials that can be either attracted or repelled when placed in an external magnetic field and can be magnetized themselves. OR The materials which provide path to ... . Applications: 1.Floppy disc ,hard disc 2.Motors and generators 3.Biomedical equipment
Last Answer : A dielectric material is placed in between the plates of a capacitor, it Increases the capacitance.
Description : Define rectification efficiency. Give its formula.
Last Answer : The ratio of output DC power delivered to the load to the applied input AC power is called rectification efficiency. It is denoted by η. η = Output DC power delivered to the load / Input AC power from transformer secondary η = Pdc / Pac
Description : List two applications of LDR.
Last Answer : 1. It is used for automatic contrast of brightness control in television receivers. 2. It is used as a proximity switch. 3. It is used in the street light control circuits. 4. It is used in the ... security alarms. 9. It is used in the smoke detectors. 10. It is used in the infrared astronomy.
Description : Define following terms: i) Active networks. ii) Unilateral networks
Last Answer : i) Active networks: If a network consists of an energy source then it is called an active network. The type of energy source can be a voltage source or a current source. ii) ... direction of current through its elements in it, then the network is called as a unilateral network.
Description : Explain the working principle of slug tuned inductor.
Last Answer : The value of inductor increases, when the slug (moving coil) is moved into the coil winding and hence decreases the resonant frequency of the tuned circuit. Similarly, when the slug is moved out of the ... be varied by using movable core which can be moved up or down by using screw driver.
Description : Draw the star and delta connection. State any one conversion formula.
Last Answer : star and delta connection
Description : Explain the following terms 1. Bilateral Network 2. Linear Network
Last Answer : Bilateral Network If the magnitude of current flowing through a circuit element is not affected when the polarity of the applied voltage is changed, then the element is known as a bilateral element. ... network comprising of one or more linear number of elements is known as a linear network.
Description : Explain with neat sketch construction of PIN Diode. Draw its characteristics in reverse bias mode.
Last Answer : Construction A PIN diode is made up of three semiconductor materials; two heavily doped P- and N- type material separated by an intrinsic (undoped) semiconductor (I) as shown in above figure ... . This advantage allows the PIN diode to process even weak signals. Characteristics
Description : Draw the construction diagram of air core inductor. List two applications
Last Answer : Applications: i. It is used for construction of IF and RF tuning coils. ii. It is used for interstage coupling.
Description : Explain the working of TDR along with its symbol and characteristics.
Last Answer : TDR are also called as thermistors. Thermally sensitive materials are used to manufacture thermistors. Depending on the temperature co- efficient of resistance value thermistors are classified as ... used when a drastic change in resistance is required at specific temperature. RαT
Description : State four applications of PIN diode.
Last Answer : i. Used in rectifier circuit. ii. Used in clipping and clamping circuit. iii. Used for A.M detection. iv. Used for voltage multiplier.
Description : Draw the circuit diagram of bridge rectifier and label it.
Last Answer : Circuit Diagram Bridge rectifier
Description : Draw a label diagram of ferrite core inductor.
Last Answer : Ferrite core inductor
Description : Convert the delta network into equivalent star network.
Last Answer : Delta to start network R1 = 4x6/ 4+6+2 = 24/12 =2/1= 2Ω R2 = 2x6/ 4+6+2 = 12/12= 1 = 1Ω R3 = 4x 2/ 4+6+2 = 8/12= 2/3= 0.66Ω
Description : Compare: 1. Active and passive network 2. Linear and non-linear network
Last Answer : 1. Active network and passive network. Sr.No Active network Passive network 1 If a network consists of an energy source, then it is called as an active network. If ... only to the linear networks. The superposition theorem also is not applicable to the nonlinear networks.
Description : State the condition for RC differentiator. Draw the output waveform of RC integrator for square wave input.
Last Answer : Condition for RC differentiator: If the time duration T of the input waveform is comparable with the RC time constant (product of R and C) then the output waveform of the differentiator gets distorted. Hence for proper differentiator the condition is as follows: T >>RC
Description : Compare clipper and clamper
Last Answer : Sr. No Parameter Clipper Clamper 1 Components used Diode, Resistors Diode, Capacitors, Resistors 2 Function To remove a part of input waveform To add a DC ... Application Diode clamp, wave shaping circuits Voltage Multipliers 5 Configuration
Description : Draw the clipper circuit using series and shunt diode.
Last Answer : Fig: A series negative clipper (OR) Fig: Series positive clipper Fig: Parallel positive clipper (OR) Fig: Parallel negative clipper
Description : Write the function of C and L in π filter and write two advantages of π filter over other filters.
Last Answer : The capacitors C1 and C2 provide a low reactance path for the ripple whereas the series inductor L provides a high reactance to the ac ripple. The combined effect of this is the reduction in ripple, and ... very low. 4. High dc voltage (approximately Vm) 5. Increase in the average load voltage.
Description : List four specifications of zener diode or P- N junction diode.
Last Answer : Specifications of zener diode: 1. Zener voltage 2. Power dissipation 3. Maximum power dissipation PD(max) 4. Breakdown current 5. Dynamic resistance 6. Maximum reverse current. (OR) ... Reverse saturation current 5. Power dissipation 6. Junction temperature 7. Peak inverse voltage (PIV)
Description : Draw the constructional diagram of iron core inductor and write the working of it.
Last Answer : Iron core inductors allow high inductance value but are limited in high frequency capacity due to hysteresis and eddy current losses. Iron core increases the magnetic induction of a ... certain point this result in a useful increase in inductance. Beyond that point, inductance decreases.
Description : Write two applications of P-N junction diode and zener diode.
Last Answer : Application of P-N junction diode: Used in rectifier circuit Used in clipping and clamping circuit. Used for A.M detection Used for voltage multiplier. Application of Zener diode: It is ... . Used in protection circuits for MOSFET. Used in pulse amplifier. Used in clipping circuits.
Description : State two functions of slug- tuned inductor and write the expression of self-inductance.
Last Answer : It is kind of variable inductor. The value of inductance increases, when the slug is moved into the coil winding and decreases the resonant frequency. When the slug is moved out of the coil ... decreases and resonant frequency of the tuned circuit increases. Self-inductance (L)= N x φ /I
Description : Define Ferromagnetic materials. Draw B- H Curve.
Last Answer : Ferromagnetic materials: The materials which possess magnetism in the absence of applied magnetic field is known as ferromagnetic materials.
Description : State the working principle of LED and LASER diode.
Last Answer : LED Working principle of LED diode:An LED emits two light when electrical energy is applied to it.LED is a two terminal device.The terminals are named as anode (A) and the other as cathode(K). A ... with light: 1) Light absorption 2) Spontaneous emission 3) Stimulated emission
Description : Describe the operating principle of PIN diode with neat sketch.
Last Answer : Consider the structure of a PIN diode as shown in fig A PIN diode operates under what is known as high-level injection.In other words,the intrinsic i region is flooded with charge ... results in faster operation of the diode,making it a suitable device for high frequency operations.
Description : List specifications of resistors and explain any two.
Last Answer : List specifications of resistors are as follows: 1. Maximum voltage rating. 2. Power rating. 3. Temperature co- efficient of resistance. 4. Tolerance. 5. Operating temperature. 6. Ohmic ... form of energy. Tolerance: It is defined as deviation from nominal value of resistance in percent.