Description : A manager who is helping a customer return some shoes they purchased last week is dealing with what type of decision? (a) Non-programmed decision ; (b) Uncertainty ; (c) Bounded rationality ; (d) Programmed decision
Last Answer : (d) Programmed decision
Description : Which of the following best expresses the difference between programmed and non-programmed decisions? (a) Occur under certainty or risk; occur under uncertainty or ambiguity (b) Made by managers ... rules cannot be developed (d) Have computer routines developed for them; are not computerized
Last Answer : (c) Handled with decision rules; decision rules cannot be developed
Description : What do you mean by the term 'bounded rationality in decision making'?
Last Answer : Maximizing the results of a decision is an ideal stage. Normally it is an impossible thing. The reason is our decisions are disturbed by lot of constraints, to reduce the effect of these constraints some of our efforts become waste. So we can't reach maximum.
Description : What do you term 'bounded rationality' in decision making?
Last Answer : If people are having time and cognitive ability for making decision’s it is said to be bounded rationality.
Description : Decisions which are non-repetitive and novel nature and required to solve unstructured problem is called as ___________. A. Programmed decisions. B. Non -programmed decisions. C. Routine decisions. D. Strategic decisions.
Last Answer : B. Non -programmed decisions.
Description : Which type of decision making is carried out by lower level management and deals with specific dayto-day processes? (a) Programmed decision making ; (b) Operational decision making ; (c) Administrative decision making ; (d) Mid-level decision making
Last Answer : (b) Operational decision making ;
Description : Vroom and Yetton s contingency model of leadership is based on certain aspects of a leader s decision, they are (a) decision quality (b) decision acceptance (c) both of the above (d ... and decision acceptance refers to the motivation and commitment of group members in implementing the decision.]
Last Answer : (c) both of the above
Description : The jackpot on a gaming machine has not 'dropped' for several weeks. Believing that the payout is imminent, a gambler feeds coins steadily to the machine. What does this behavior ... ) A display of overconfidence (c) Decision making under uncertainty ; (d) Changing subjective probabilities
Last Answer : (a) Escalation of commitment ;
Description : ------------ is a condition in which the decision maker chooses a course of action without complete knowledge of the consequences that will follow implementation. (a) Risk ; (b) Uncertainty ; (c) Ambiguity ; (d) Accuracy
Last Answer : (b) Uncertainty ;
Description : __________ is not one of the eight steps in the decision making process. (a) Identifying the problem ; (b) Analyzing alternative solutions (c) Implementing the decision ; (d) Delegating the decision making
Last Answer : (d) Delegating the decision making
Description : When a candidate for a position is asked general, open-ended job related questions, they are experiencing what type of interview? (a) Unstructured Interview; (b) Relaxed Interview ; (c) Unorganized Interview ; (d) Structured Interview
Last Answer : (a) Unstructured Interview;
Description : An intuitive manager could best be described as one who: A)uses scientific problem solving B)eliminates uncertainty in decision making C)searches out facts and data systematically D)uses an orderly approach to gathering information E)uses personal knowledge and experience to make decisions
Last Answer : E)uses personal knowledge and experience to make decisions
Description : Under ERG theory, “R” stands for--------- (a) Rationality ; (b) Responsibility ; (c) Remuneration ; (d) Relatedness
Last Answer : (d) Relatedness
Description : Select the incorrect statement. Harrison and Pelletier argued that managers should learn to avoid ... (a) Treating decisions with uncertain outcomes as though they had predictable results (b) ... and non-routine decisions. (d) Treating ad-hoc decisions as though they were everyday occurrences
Last Answer : (c) Mixing routine and non-routine decisions.
Description : As a manager moves to higher positions in an organisation the ability to make ______ becomes ______ important. (a) Non-programmed; more ; (b) Programmed; more ; (c) Non-programmed; less (d) Programmed; much more
Last Answer : (a) Non-programmed; more ;
Description : In a highly formalized organization, job behaviours are relatively (a) Non programmed ; (b) Non-existent ; (c) Programmed ; (d) Discretionary
Last Answer : ; (c) Programmed ;
Description : In Herbert Simon's theory, a manager who accepts the first satisfactory solution to a problem has made a ______ decision, while a manager who continues to search for the best possible solution is ... ; satisficing ; (b) Minimising; maximizing ; (c) Satisficing; maximising (d) Maximising; minimizing
Last Answer : (b) Minimising; maximizing ;
Description : In the context of decision making, which of the following best describes a heuristic? (a) A rule that a person relies upon to assess or categorise choices. (b) One of many personal learned rules that a ... uses when making a decision. (d) An attitude that prefers to look at a question as a whole.
Last Answer : (b) One of many personal learned rules that a person applies in the process of decision making.
Description : The overall process of decision making in, for example, staff selection includes which of these stages? (a) Deciding which candidate to appoint ; (b) Identifying the need for a new member of staff (c) Agreeing the job specification ; (d) All of the above
Last Answer : The overall process of decision making in staff selection typically includes the following stages: Identifying the need for a new member of staff: This involves determining the reasons for the need ... in a systematic manner to ensure a fair and effective decision-making process in staff selection.
Description : Which of the factors listed below is not a reason for decision making in organizations being a complex process? (a) People have to make decisions in a historical context (b) Several ... range of possible outcomes (d) Factors in the current context of the organization affect the decision
Last Answer : (c) Modern information systems enable people to evaluate a range of possible outcomes
Description : Centralization refers to……….. (a) The degree to which decision-making is concentrated at a single point in the organization (b) The development and maintenance of power in the organization (c) The decision-making process (d) The geographic dispersion of an organization
Last Answer : (a) The degree to which decision-making is concentrated at a single point in the organization
Description : What are the different techniques used to offset risk and uncertainty in decision making?
Last Answer : Decision tree analysis, Simulation, Game theory, Probabilistic models
Description : ......................... deals with making sound decisions under conditions of certainty, risk and uncertainty. a. Game theory b. Network analysis c. Decision theory d. None of these
Last Answer : c. Decision theory
Description : Initial feasible solution to a transportation problem arrived through which of the following method is very near to the optimal solution: a. NWCM b. LCM c. VAM d. None of these
Last Answer : c. VAM
Description : If the primal Linear Programming problem has unbounded solution, then it’s dual problem will have (A) feasible solution (B) alternative solution (C) no feasible solution at all (D) no bounded solution at all
Last Answer : (C) no feasible solution at all
Description : According to Hofstede, a _____ uncertainty-avoidance culture tries to develop legal institutions that create security. A. Weak B. Strong C. Mixed D. Un-decisive
Last Answer : Strong
Description : According to Hofstede, which dimension of a national culture measures the acceptability of a large difference in status and power among its citizens? A. Individualism versus collectivism B. Masculinity versus femininity C. Uncertainty avoidance D. Power distance
Last Answer : Power distance
Description : V.U.C.A. is an abbreviation for.. A. Volatility, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity B. Viscosity, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity C. Volatility, uncertainty, competition and ambiguity D. None of these options is correct
Last Answer : Volatility, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity
Description : Strategic Management is an attempt to organize qualitative and quantitative information in a way that allows effective decisions to be made under conditions of uncertainty
Last Answer : True
Description : V.U.C.A. is an abbreviation for.. A. Volatility, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity B. Viscosity, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity C. Volatility, uncertainty, competition and ambiguity D. None of these options is correct.
Description : ____________ reduces uncertainty (a) Negotiating ; (b) Planning ; (c) Organizing ; (d) Leading
Last Answer : (b) Planning ;
Description : If a manager at Wipro wants to award a contract for printing the company's promotional literature and has obtained quotations from several printers, the manager can select a printer and know with ______ what the printing should cost. (a) Ambiguity ; (b) Risk ; (c) Uncertainty ; (d) Certainty
Last Answer : (d) Certainty
Description : Hawthorne studies A. Recognizes that the appropriate management actions depend on the situation B. Studied the relationship of lighting levels to worker productivity. C. Involves the use of quantitative techniques to improve management decision making. D. None of these options is correct
Last Answer : Studied the relationship of lighting levels to worker productivity.
Description : The Management Science Approach . A. Recognizes that the appropriate management actions depend on the situation B. Studied the relationship of lighting levels to worker productivity. C. ... quantitative techniques to improve management decision making. D. None of these options is correct
Last Answer : Involves the use of quantitative techniques to improve management decision making.
Description : Strategists are usually found in higher levels of Management and have considerable Authority for decision making in the Firm
Description : Hawthorne studies A. Recognizes that the appropriate management actions depend on the situation B. Studied the relationship of lighting levels to worker productivity. C. Involves the use of quantitative techniques to improve management decision making. D. None of these options is correct.
Description : The Management Science Approach . A. Recognizes that the appropriate management actions depend on the situation B. Studied the relationship of lighting levels to worker productivity. C. ... quantitative techniques to improve management decision making. D. None of these options is correct.
Last Answer : Involves the use of quantitative techniques to improve management decision making
Description : Which of the following could be defined as a multinational company? A. A firm that owns shares in a foreign company but does not participate in the company's decision making. B. A UK based internet ... origin. D. A finance company transferring its HQ and all its activities from the UK to the US.
Last Answer : A firm owning a chain of supermarket outlets outside its country of origin.
Description : Sunk costs are: (a) relevant for decision making (b) Not relevant for decision making (c) cost to be incurred in future (d) future costs
Last Answer : (b) Not relevant for decision making
Description : The managers of a multinational company are located in France, India, Brazil, and the United States. Which decision-making technique seems most reasonable for this organization? (a) A postal service interaction ; (b) A brainstorming session ; (c) A nominal discussion (d) An electronic meeting
Last Answer : (d) An electronic meeting
Description : _________ concluded that managers perform 10 interrelated activities that relate to decision making, using information and interpersonal relationships. (a) Mintzberg ; (b) Abraham Maslow ; (c) Robert Owen ; (d) Henri Fayol
Last Answer : (a) Mintzberg ;
Description : A ______ organizational structure is the simplest form and has clear lines of authority and ease of decision making. (a) Horizontal ; (b) Line ; (c) Vertical ; (d) Staff
Last Answer : (b) Line ;
Description : The decision making model which emphasises that organisations contain diverse interest groups who will bargain about goals and alternative actions, often with incomplete information is known as the ... model ; (c) Administrative or incremental model ; (d) Computational and rational model
Last Answer : (b) Political model ;
Description : Which structure breaks down departmental barriers and decentralizes decision-making to the level of the work team? (a) Boudaryless ; (b) Feminine ; (c) Team ; (d) Virtual
Last Answer : ; (c) Team ;
Description : What is span of control? (a) empowering lower-level employees (b) concentrating decision-making on one specific point in the organization (c) centralization (d) number of subordinates a manager can effectively direct
Last Answer : (d) number of subordinates a manager can effectively direct
Description : The General Manager‟s meeting was most likely a result of the following management function: (a) Organizing ; (b) Planning ; (c) Decision-Making ; (d) Controlling
Last Answer : ; (c) Decision-Making ;
Description : The decision-making model consists of four styles: directive, analytic, behavioral and _______________. (a) Conceptual ; (b) Intuitive ; (c) Group interaction ; (d) Laggard
Last Answer : (a) Conceptual ;
Description : The ______________ style of leadership is where the focus of power is with the manager. The manager alone exercises decision-making, authority and the control of rewards or punishments. (a) democratic (b) ... a decision to pass the focus of power to members but is readily available if neede(d)]
Last Answer : (c) authoritarian