Cardiac output is blood

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Answer :

Cardiac output is blood A. Received by heart per minute B. Pumped by ventricles per sec C. Pumped ... per minute D. Pumped by left ventricle per hour

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Description : Assertion` :` Cardiac output is the volume of blood pumped out by each ventricle per minute. Reason `:` Ther cardiac output of an athlete will be much

Last Answer : Assertion` :` Cardiac output is the volume of blood pumped out by each ventricle per minute. Reason `: ... . D. If both Assertion & Reason are false.

Description : Cardiac output is blood

Last Answer : Cardiac output is blood A. Received by heart per minute B. Pumped by ventricle per sec C. Pumpled ... per minute D. Pumped by left ventricle per hour

Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning oxygen delivery? a. The amount of oxygen delivered to peripheral tissues is dependent upon the oxygen content in arterial blood and cardiac ... O2/dL d. Normal systemic oxygen delivery for a typical adult is approximately 1000 cc/min

Last Answer : Answer: a, c, d The amount of oxygen that is delivered to peripheral tissues is the product of the oxygen content in arterial blood times the cardiac output. Normally, oxygen content of arterial blood is ... of venous blood is 16 cc/dL. Hence, the normal arterial-venous difference is 4 cc O2/dL

Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the relationship between cardiac function and effective blood volume? a. A pulmonary capillary wedge pressure of 5-10 rules out ... sole purpose of a pulmonary artery catheter is to measure pulmonary artery pressure and cardiac output

Last Answer : Answer: b, c Although physical findings are often adequate to establish a diagnosis and institute management of cardiac failure, direct measurement of filling pressures of the right heart ( ... blood volume is normal, filling pressures are normal, and total body extracellular fluid is excessive

Description : All of the following statements about hemorrhagic shock are true except: A. Following hemorrhagic shock, there is an initial interstitial fluid volume contraction. B. Dopamine, or a similar inotropic ... shock, a narrowed pulse pressure is commonly seen before a fall in systolic blood pressure.

Last Answer : Answer: BC DISCUSSION: Hemorrhagic shock is associated with a contraction of the interstitial fluid compartment because of precapillary vasoconstriction and reabsorption of interstitial fluid ... definitive evidence that such solutions are better than standard crystalloid solutions is lacking

Description : The major common determinant of myocardial oxygen consumption is (a) Blood volume (b) Cardiac output (c) Diastolic blood pressure (d) Heart rate (e) Myocardial fiber tension

Last Answer : Ans: E

Description : The cerebral blood flow: a. is increased by hypercapnia b. is increased by hypoxia c. accounts for 15% of the total cardiac output d. all above

Last Answer : all above

Description : In human being, haemorrhage causes a. venous constriction b. decreased blood flow to the skin c. a fall in cardiac output d. all above

Last Answer : all above

Description : In human being, haemorrhage causes a. venous constriction b. decreased blood flow to the skin c. a fall in cardiac output d. splenic contraction

Last Answer : splenic contraction

Description : What would be the heart rate of a person if the cardiac output is 5 L, blood volume in the ventricles at the end of diastole is 100 mL and at the end of ventricular systole is 50 mL ? (a) 125 beats per minute (b) 50 beats per minute (c) 75 beats per minute (d) 100 beats per minute

Last Answer : (d) 100 beats per minute

Description : Which of the following terms indicates the amount of blood pumped out of the ventricle with each contraction of the heart? a) Stroke volume Stroke volume is the amount of blood pumped out ( ... d) Preload Preload is the pressure created by a volume of blood within a ventricle before contraction.

Last Answer : a) Stroke volume Stroke volume is the amount of blood pumped out (ejected) with each contraction of the heart (heart beat). Stroke volume times heart rate equals cardiac output.

Description : Which of the following vasoactive drugs used in treating shock results in reduced preload and afterload, reducing oxygen demand of the heart? a) Nitroprusside (Nipride) A disadvantage ... increases cardiac output. d) Methoxamine (Vasoxyl) Methoxamine increases blood pressure by vasoconstriction.

Last Answer : a) Nitroprusside (Nipride) A disadvantage of nitroprusside is that it causes hypotension.

Description : Which of the following does not physiologically increase in pregnancy Options: 1) Stroke Volume 2) Cardiac output 3) Intravascular Volume 4) Blood Pressure

Last Answer : Correct Answer: 4) Blood Pressure

Description : While giving CPR which of the following is considered: a. It achieves 30% of cardiac output with 60 compressions per minute. b. It achieves normal blood oxygen levels with 12 reseparations ... starting compression. d. Cardiac output has to be monitored regularly by checking radial pulse.

Last Answer : c. You have to check compression point by thumbing before starting compression.

Description : While giving CPR which of the following is correct: A. It achieves 30% of cardiac output with 60 compressions per minute B. It achieves normal blood oxygen levels with 12 ... thumping before starting compression D. Cardiac output has to be monitored regularly by checking radial pulse.

Last Answer : C. You have to check compression point by thumping before starting compression

Description : The most likely mechanism of antihypertensive action of thiazide diuretics in the long-term is: A. Reduction of circulating blood volume B. Reduction in cardiac output C. Decreased sympathetic tone D. Reduction in total peripheral vascular resistance and improved compliance of resistance vessels

Last Answer : D. Reduction in total peripheral vascular resistance and improved compliance of resistance vessels

Description : Select the anaesthetic that increases cardiac output and blood pressure: A. Halothane B. Fentanyl C. Ketamine D. Diazepam

Last Answer : C. Ketamine

Description : All of the following contribute to the antihypertensive action of propranolol except: A. Direct vasodilatation B. Decreased renin release from kidney C. Adaptation of blood vessels to reduced cardiac output D. Less noradrenaline release from sympathetic nerve endings

Last Answer : A. Direct vasodilatation

Description :  Which of the following is seen at low (analgesic) doses of aspirin: A. Respiratory stimulation B. Increased occult blood loss in stools C. Increased cardiac output D. Hyperglycaemia

Last Answer : B. Increased occult blood loss in stools

Description : All of the following contribute to the antihypertensive action of propranolol except: A. Direct vasodilatation B. Decreased renin release from kidney C. Adaptation of blood vessels to reduced cardiac output D. Less noradrenaline release from sympathetic nerve endings

Last Answer : A. Direct vasodilatation

Description : Normal Cardiac output is `:`

Last Answer : Normal Cardiac output is `:` A. 15 Litres `//` min. B. 5 Litres `xx 72 //` min. C. 5 Litres `//` min. D. `5//72` Litres `//` min.

Description : Cardiac output is determined by

Last Answer : Cardiac output is determined by A. Heart rate B. Stroke volume C. Blood flow D. Both 1 and 2

Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning oxygen kinetics in a critically ill, febrile patient? a. Oxygen consumption will likely exceed three times normal b. The high cardiac ... adequate compensation as long as the oxygen delivery/oxygen consumption rate is greater than 2:1

Last Answer : Answer: b, d In critically ill patients oxygen consumption may be elevated or depressed, but slight to moderate elevations in oxygen consumption is the most common abnormality in critically ill patients. ... however, and the patient will remain stable as long as the ratio is greater than 2:1

Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the autoregulation necessary to maintain oxygen consumption and oxygen delivery? a. A change in oxygen consumption is followed by a proportionate ... increase in cardiac output d. The normal ratio of oxygen delivery to consumption is 2:1

Last Answer : Answer: a The relationships between oxygen consumption and oxygen delivery represent one of the most interesting regulation systems in homeostasis. First of all, if one of the three components ... in oxygen consumption. The normal ratio of oxygen delivery to consumption is approximately 5:1

Description : A 68-year-old male who underwent a repair of an abdominal aortic aneurysm 5 days ago, develops tachycardia, tachypnea, hypotension with cool, pale, mottled cyanotic extremities. He ... use of moderate doses of inotropic agents e. Afterload reduction with nitroprusside is absolutely contraindicated

Last Answer : Answer: a, b, d Intrinsic cardiogenic shock results from failure of the heart as an effective pump. Coronary artery disease is the most common cause of myocardial ... hemodynamic monitoring. Infusion of afterload-reducing agents can be administered in conjunction with inotropic support

Description : Which of the following statements(s) is/are true concerning human energy requirement? a. In normal subjects, less than 5% of basal energy requirement is spent on cardiac output and the ... d. Similar increases in energy expenditures are associated with elective surgery and trauma or thermal injury

Last Answer : Answer: a, c Basal energy requirements are measured with the subject at rest when no external work is being done; the energy is used mainly for transport and synthetic work within cells. A ... average-sized adult who sustains a major burn rarely may require more than 3500 kcal/day for maintenance

Description : Which of the following statements about continuous cardiac output monitoring are true? A. Continuous cardiac output monitoring may unmask events not detected by intermittent cardiac output measurements. ... stroke volume by detecting changes in resistance to a small, applied alternating current.

Last Answer : Answer: AD DISCUSSION: Various techniques are available to measure cardiac output continuously. The advantages of continuous cardiac output monitoring, as compared with intermittent methods, are (1) ... function of the stroke volume, which then can be used to calculate the cardiac output

Description : Therapeutic dose of digoxin in a normal individual has the following effects, except (a) Increase in the speed of myocardial contractility (b) No significant change in cardiac output (c) Relaxation of peripheral vascular bed (d) Increase in the force of myocardial contractility

Last Answer : Ans: C

Description : Acute renal failure (ARF) may be caused by all of the following except (a) Acute tubular necrosis (ATN) due to drug therapy (e.g., aminoglycosides, contrast media) (b) Severe hypotension ... (c) Decreased cardiac output, as from congestive heart failure (d) Hemolysis, myoglobinuria (e) Hyperkalemia

Last Answer : Ans: E

Description : Hyperventilation causes: a. an alkaline urine b. a fall in the plasma bicarbonate concentration c. increased cardiac output d. all above

Last Answer : all above

Description : Regarding the kidneys: a. there are 1.3 millions nephrons in each kidney b. they produce the aldosterone c. they receive 12% of the cardiac output when at rest d. they produce 1.25-dihydroxycalciferol

Last Answer : they produce 1.25-dihydroxycalciferol

Description : The following are true about the antidiuretic hormone: a. it is produced by the anterior pituitary gland b. it reduces the cardiac output c. it increases the renal absorption of sodium d. it decreases the release of ACTH

Last Answer : it increases the renal absorption of sodium

Description : How do parasympathetic neural signals affect the working of the heart? (a) Reduce both heart rate and cardiac output. (b) Heart rate is increased without affecting the cardiac output. (c) Both heart rate and cardiac output increase. (d) Heart rate decreases but cardiac output increases.

Last Answer : (a) Reduce both heart rate and cardiac output.

Description : When the nurse notes that the post cardiac surgery patient demonstrates low urine output (< 25 ml/hr) with high specific gravity (> 1.025), the nurse suspects: a) Inadequate fluid volume Urine ... by high urine output with low specific gravity. d) Anuria The anuric patient does not produce urine.

Last Answer : a) Inadequate fluid volume Urine output of less than 25 ml/hr may indicate a decrease in cardiac output. A high specific gravity indicates increased concentration of solutes in the urine which occurs with inadequate fluid volume.

Description : A patient on the dental chair has cardiac arrest. What is INCORRECT, A. Observing the vital signs and check that the air way is clear is at high importance B. Expired air has 15% O2 only, ... D. Intermittent positive pressure is better than mouth to mouth when it has been given at the same rate.

Last Answer : C. Intermittent positive pressure at the rate of 40/min will reduce the chances of cerebral hypoxia

Description : n a failing heart therapeutic dose of digoxin has no effect on the following parameter: A. Cardiac output B. Heart rate C. Tone of ventricular fibres D. Cardiac vagal tone

Last Answer : C. Tone of ventricular fibres

Description : Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors reduce the following haemodynamic parameters in congestive heart failure except: A. Systemic vascular resistance B. Right atrial pressure C. Cardiac output D. Heart rate × pressure product

Last Answer : C. Cardiac output

Description : The following drug increases cardiac output in congestive heart failure without having any direct myocardial action: A. Captopril B. Digoxin C. Amrinone D. Dobutamine

Last Answer : A. Captopril

Description : Correctly match column -I with column -II `{:(,"Column -I",,"Column-II"),(A-,"Cardiac arrest",(ii), "Heart not pumping blood effectively"),(B-,"Heart

Last Answer : Correctly match column -I with column -II `{:(,"Column -I",,"Column-II"),(A-,"Cardiac arrest",(ii), ... `Ararr(ii),Brarr(iii) ,Crarr(i) , Drarr(iv)`

Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct concerning the cardiovascular response to shock? a. Changes in cardiac contractile function shift the Frank Starling curve up and down b. ... d. The total circulating blood volume is equally split between the arterial and venous system

Last Answer : Answer: a Central in the general cardiovascular response to shock is the action of the heart itself. The principle determinants of cardiac function in the normal heart are the volume of blood ... Blood flow to the skin is sacrificed early, followed by that to the kidneys and splanchnic viscera

Description : The primary mechanism of beneficial effect of glyceryl trinitrate in classical angina pectoris is (a) Increase in total coronary blood flow (b) Redistribution of coronary blood flow (c) Reduction of cardiac preload (d) Reduction of cardiac after load

Last Answer : Ans: C

Description : Relationship between arterial blood pressure (BP), cardiac outpur (CO) and peripheral vascular resistance (PVR) can be described as (a) BP = COxPVR (b) BP = CO/PVR (c) BP = PVR/CO (d) None of the above

Last Answer : Ans: A

Description : The vessels that supply blood to the heart are (a) vasa vasorum (b) cardiac (c) coronoid (d) coronary

Last Answer : Ans:(a)

Description : People consuming alcohol in heavy quantities generally die of – (1) liver or stomach cancer (2) weakening of heart muscles leading to cardiac arrest (3) blood cancer (4) Cirrhosis

Last Answer : (4) Cirrhosis Explanation: Cirrhosis is a condition in which the liver does not function properly due to longterm damage. This damage is characterized by the replacement of normal liver tissue by scar tissue.

Description : Heavy alcohol consuming people generally die of (1) blood cancer (2) cirrhosis (3) liver or stomach cancer (4) weakening of heart muscles leading to cardiac arrest

Last Answer : (2) cirrhosis Explanation: Cirrhosis is scarring of the liver and poor liver function. It is the final phase of chronic liver disease which may result from a history of excess drinking habits. Cirrhosis is most commonly caused by alcoholism, hepatitis B and hepatitis C, and fatty liver disease.

Description : Cyanide poisoning causes death in seconds because - (1) It denatures enzymes of the heart/muscle (2) It breaks the electron transport chain (3) It causes Lysis of red blood cells (4) It causes cardiac arrest

Last Answer : (4) It causes cardiac arrest Explanation: Cyanide poisoning occurs on exposure to a com-pound that produces cyanide ions when dissolved in water. The cyanide ion halts cellular respiration by inhibiting ... coma with seizures, apnea, and cardiac arrest, with death following in a matter of seconds.

Description : The cardiac reserve is: A A. ability of the heart to respond to circulatory demands over and above those of the animal/ human at rest B. ability of the heart to respond to circulatory demands to ... / human at rest C. Is the blood that is present in the peripheral circulatory D. None of these

Last Answer : ability of the heart to respond to circulatory demands over and above those of the animal/ human at rest