Enlist the different filter medium used for filtration.

Enlist the different filter medium used for filtration.
by

1 Answer

Answer :

i) Filter paper.

ii) Cotton wool.

iii) Glass wool.

iv) Asbestos.

v) Fine muslin.

vii)FilterMembranefilter.

viii)Sintered glass filter. 
by

Related questions

Differentiate between filtration and clarification. Enlist various filter media used in Pharmacy.

Description : Differentiate between filtration and clarification. Enlist various filter media used in Pharmacy.

Last Answer : Sr. no. Filtration Clarification 1 It is process of removal of solids or suspended matter in a liquid or gas by passing through a porous medium in which solids are retained. ... wool iv) Asbestos v) Fine muslin vi) Filter cloth vii) Membrane filters viii) Sintered glass filters.

Differentiate filtration and clarification. Enlist the different factors affecting the rate of filtration.

Description : Differentiate filtration and clarification. Enlist the different factors affecting the rate of filtration.

Last Answer : Sr.No. Filtration Clarification 1 It is the separation of an insoluble solid from a fluid or gas by means of a porous medium that retain the solid but allow the fluid to pass. ... be filtered. 6. Particle size: 7. Pore size of filter medium: 8. Nature of solid material:

Enlist the ideal qualities of Filter aids.

Description : Enlist the ideal qualities of Filter aids.

Last Answer : Ideal qualities of filter aid:It should remain suspended in the liquid. 1. It should be free from impurities. 2. It should be inert. 3. It should have a particle size distribution suitable for retention of solid. 4. It should have structure that permits formation of porous cake.

Explain any four factors affecting filtration. Draw a well labelled diagram of leaf filter.

Description : Explain any four factors affecting filtration. Draw a well labelled diagram of leaf filter.

Last Answer : Factors which affect the rate of filtration are:   1. Pressure: The rate of filtration of liquid is directly proportional to the pressure difference between the filter medium and filter cake. Thus, the ... cake increases which decreases the rate of filtration.  Diagram of leaf filter :

Differentiate between sterilization and Disinfection. Enlist the different methods of sterilization.

Description : Differentiate between sterilization and Disinfection. Enlist the different methods of sterilization.

Last Answer : Sterilization Disinfection It is the process of complete destruction of microorganisms present in the system It is process that removes infection potential by microorganisms In case of ... Seitz filters 3. Sintered glass filters 4. Sintered metal filters 5. Membrane filters

What do you mean by reserved percolation? Enlist different steps involved in it.

Description : What do you mean by reserved percolation? Enlist different steps involved in it.

Last Answer : Reserve percolation:   In this process a part of percolate, generally 3/4th volume of the finished preparation is reserved.(contains high solute concentration) Then the percolation process is continued ... :  a. Imbibition, b. Maceration, c. Percolation, d. Distillation or evaporation.

Based on Darcy’s law, discuss different factors which affect rate of filtration

Description : Based on Darcy’s law, discuss different factors which affect rate of filtration

Last Answer : This is also called as theory of filtration which gives idea about factors affecting rate of filtration through the filter medium. Any fluid while passing through porous medium offers resistance ... the filtration process proceeds, thickness of cake increases which decreases the rate of filtration.

Enlist four methods for size reduction.

Description : Enlist four methods for size reduction. 

Last Answer : Methods for size reduction: i) Cutting ii) Compression iii) Impact iv) Attrition iv) Combined impact and attrition.

Define sieve number and enlist standards for sieves as per IP.

Description : Define sieve number and enlist standards for sieves as per IP.

Last Answer : Sieve Number:  It is the number of mesh in 2.54cm transverse direction parallel to wire. According to I.P standards for sieves are as follows  Approximate sieve number Nominal mesh ... size According to I.P. sieves must confirm the above mentioned specifications for the given sieve number.

Define tables. Enlist various excipients used in tablet manufacturing with one example each.

Description : Define tables. Enlist various excipients used in tablet manufacturing with one example each.

Last Answer : Definition:  Tablet is a solid unit dosage form congaing medicament/s usually circular in shape and may be flat or biconvex. OR Tablet is a solid unit dosage form prepared by compression. ... Glidants& lubricants: e.g. talc and magnesium stearate. vi. Colours, flavours and sweetening agents: 

Enlist the ideal qualities of container.

Description : Enlist the ideal qualities of container. 

Last Answer : 1. Neutral 2. No interaction. 3. Stability against environmental factor. 4. Withstand wear and tear during handling. 5. Easy to remove dose. 6. Withstand changes in pressure and temperature. 7. Labelled easily 8. Non-toxic. 9. Closure easily removable/replaceable.

Explain the factors which affect rate of filtration by Darcy’s law.

Description : Explain the factors which affect rate of filtration by Darcy’s law.

Last Answer : According to Darcy's Law, Where  v = volume of filtrate  K= permeability coefficient & is dependent on filter medium & filter cake.  A = Area of filter bed ... filtration. As the filtration process proceeds, thickness of cake increases which decreases the rate of filtration. 

What is difference between filtration and clarification

Description : What is difference between filtration and clarification

Last Answer : Filtration Clarification Filtration may be defined or separation of a solid from fluid by means of by means of porous medium that retain the solid but allows fluid to pass. When ... the collection of filter cake.  Intention of Clarification may be the collection of filtrate.

Name the factors which affects the rate of filtration.

Description : Name the factors which affects the rate of filtration. 

Last Answer : 2

Draw a well labelled diagram of filter candle. Give its working and disadvantages.

Description : Draw a well labelled diagram of filter candle. Give its working and disadvantages.

Last Answer : Diagram : Working  : The filter candle is placed in a vessel containing the liquid to be filtered. When vacuum is applied, the pressure inside the candle is decreased. Due to ... Disadvantages   1. Chance of clogging/blocking. 2. Traces of material may come in the solution.

Write the working of filter press with well labelled diagram.

Description : Write the working of filter press with well labelled diagram.

Last Answer : Working:  1. The slurry is pumped in under positive pressure up to 20 bar and fill each frame. 2. The filtrate passes through the cloths on opposite sides of the frame and runs down between the ... 6. Thickness of cake can be varied by using frame of different thickness. Diagram: 

Define ‘slurry’ and ‘filter cake’.

Description : Define ‘slurry’ and ‘filter cake’.

Last Answer : i) Slurry: Mixture of insoluble substances suspended in a liquid and intended to filter before use.   ii) Filter cake: The solid which gets collected on the filter is called as filter cake.

Define The term Clarification. Write the working of filter candle with neat diagram.

Description : Define The term Clarification. Write the working of filter candle with neat diagram.

Last Answer : Clarification:-  When solids are present in a very small proportion i.e. not exceeding 1.0 % the process of its separation from liquid, is called clarification. Working :-   1) These are ... the candle & gets collected inside the candle from where it is removed. Diagram :

List qualities of an ideal filter aid and state any two example of it.

Description : List qualities of an ideal filter aid and state any two example of it.

Last Answer : Ideal qualities of filter aid:  i. It should be remain suspended in the liquid. ii. It should be free from impurities. iii. It should be inert. iv. It should have a particle size distribution suitable ... i. Asbestos. ii. Cellulose. iii. Carbon. iv. Diatomaceous earth (silica). v. Perlite.

What are filter aid. What should be qualities of filter aid?

Description : What are filter aid. What should be qualities of filter aid?

Last Answer : Filter Aid: These are the substance which reduces the resistance of filtrate to flow. Ideal qualities of filter aid:  i. It should be remain suspended in the liquid. ii. It should be free ... suitable for retention of solid. v. It should have structure that permits formation of porous cake. 

Explain construction and working of filter candle.

Description : Explain construction and working of filter candle.

Last Answer : Construction: These are cylindrical candles with an opening, The opening is connected to vacuum pump for reducing pressure under it, durin filtration process. The candles are made up of ... thick wall of the candle & gets collected inside the candle from where it is removed. 

Name the commonly used filter aids.

Description : Name the commonly used filter aids.

Last Answer : Commonly used filter aids are as follows: 1) Cellulose 2) Asbestos 3) Carbon 4) Diatomaceous earth 5) Perlite

Write the qualities of an ideal filter aids. Give examples of filter aid.

Description : Write the qualities of an ideal filter aids. Give examples of filter aid.

Last Answer : Ideal qualities of filter aid: i. It should be remain suspended in the liquid. ii. It should be free from impurities. iii. It should be inert. iv. It should have a particle size distribution ... ii. Cellulose. iii. Carbon. iv. Diatomaceous earth (silica). v.Perlite. vi.Activated Charcoal

Explain the construction and working of ‘Meta Filter’.

Description : Explain the construction and working of ‘Meta Filter’.

Last Answer : Construction: i. It consists of grooved, drainage rod on which a number of metallic ring are packed. ii. The rings are usually of stainless steel and have 0.8 mm outer thickness, 15 mm inside ... pack of ring act as a base on which the fine filtration medium is supported Diagram: 

Explain the construction and working of filter press.

Description : Explain the construction and working of filter press.

Last Answer : Construction: It consists of alternative plate and frame mounted on two parallel support bars. The pressure can be applied through screw thread so that the plate and frame are rigidly fixed between ... Thickness of cake can be varied by using frame of different thickness. Diagram:

Explain working,construction of filter leaf with neat diagram.

Description : Explain working,construction of filter leaf with neat diagram. 

Last Answer : Construction of filter leaf   It consists of metal frame enclosing a wire screen or a grooved plate. The screen is covered by filter cloth which is fitted in frame, to grip the cloth. The frame ... . The cake can be washed by immersing in a vessel containing water or reverse flow of air

Draw well labelled diagram of filter candle.

Description : Draw well labelled diagram of filter candle.

Last Answer : diagram of filter candle.

Filter medium resistance is important during the __________ of filtration. (A) Early stages (B) Final stages (C) Entire process (D) None of these

Description : Filter medium resistance is important during the __________ of filtration. (A) Early stages (B) Final stages (C) Entire process (D) None of these

Last Answer : (A) Early stages

Filter aids like asbestos, kieselguhr, diatomaceous earth etc. are used to increase the porosity of the final filter cake & reducing the cake resistance during filtration. Filter aid is (A) Added to the feed slurry (B) Pre-coated on the filter medium prior to filtration (C) Separated from the cake by dissolving solids or by burning it off (D) All 'a', 'b' & 'c'

Description : Filter aids like asbestos, kieselguhr, diatomaceous earth etc. are used to increase the porosity of the final filter cake & reducing the cake resistance during filtration. Filter aid is (A) Added to the feed slurry (B) Pre ... the cake by dissolving solids or by burning it off (D) All 'a', 'b' & 'c'

Last Answer : (D) All 'a', 'b' & 'c'

. In filtration, the use of 'filter aid' helps in (A) Reducing the filtration pressure (B) Accelerating the rate of filtration (C) Deplugging the filter medium (D) Enhancing the cake porosity in case of a dense impermeable cake

Description : . In filtration, the use of 'filter aid' helps in (A) Reducing the filtration pressure (B) Accelerating the rate of filtration (C) Deplugging the filter medium (D) Enhancing the cake porosity in case of a dense impermeable cake

Last Answer : (C) Deplugging the filter medium

During filtration operation, the filtrate encounters the resistance of the (A) Filter medium (B) Cake (C) Channel carrying the slurry to the upstream side of the cake and filtrate away from the filter medium (D) All (A), (B) and (C)

Description : During filtration operation, the filtrate encounters the resistance of the (A) Filter medium (B) Cake (C) Channel carrying the slurry to the upstream side of the cake and filtrate away from the filter medium (D) All (A), (B) and (C)

Last Answer : (D) All (A), (B) and (C)

What are the different mechanisms involved in the method of size reduction.

Description : What are the different mechanisms involved in the method of size reduction.

Last Answer : Cutting. Compression. Impact Attrition Combined impact and attrition 

Define: i) Sterilization ii) Disinfection Classify different methods of sterilization.

Description : Define: i) Sterilization ii) Disinfection Classify different methods of sterilization.

Last Answer : i) Sterilization: Sterilization is a process of complete destruction of all micro-organisms & their spores present in a system. ii) Disinfection: A process that removes the infection potential by ... ) Seitz filters 3) Sintered glass filters 4) Sintered metal filters 5) Membrane filters

Explain the objectives of mixing. Explain the different types of mixtures.

Description : Explain the objectives of mixing. Explain the different types of mixtures. 

Last Answer : Objective of mixing 1) To form a uniform mixture. 2)To promote chemical reaction to get uniform product 3) Help in formation of suspension/paste 4) Help in mixing of water and oil .e.g. emulsion. ... not have tendency to mix but once mix, don't separate after mixing. E.g. ointment, paste, cream.

Define immunity. What are the different types of immunity?

Description : Define immunity. What are the different types of immunity?

Last Answer : Definition: Immunity is the power of body to resist effect of invasion of micro organisms Active Immunity-Antigens are injected in human body; as a result antibodies are formed. It ... are injected in human body. It develops quickly, it remains for short period treatment is therapeutic

Define Drying .What are different factors affecting to the rate of drying?

Description : Define Drying .What are different factors affecting to the rate of drying?

Last Answer : Definition: Final removal of liquid from the solid with the help of heat is called drying. Factor affecting the rate of drying: Following factor can affect the rate of drying: 1) Surface area of ... (Hs-Hg) between surface layer and atmospheric: if difference is more rate of drying will be fast.

Define microencapsulation.What are its advantages and different techniques involved in it?

Description : Define microencapsulation.What are its advantages and different techniques involved in it?

Last Answer : Microencapsulation : it is the technique in which a thin coating is applied on the particles of solids, liquids, resulting in the formation of micro-capsules ranging from micron to ... 4) Electrostatic Deposition 5) Vacuum deposition 6) Polymerization 7) Multiorific Centrifugal Process.

Explain the different steps involved in sugar coating of tablet.

Description : Explain the different steps involved in sugar coating of tablet.

Last Answer : Steps of sugar coating of tablet:-  Sieving Sealing Sub-coating Syrup coating Finishing Polishing i) Sieving :- The tablets to be coated are shaken in a suitable sieve to remove the ... the wax coated tablets are rubbed on the canvas cloth. This gives a proper shining to the tablets

Define size reduction .What are different factors affecting to the rate of size reduction?

Description : Define size reduction .What are different factors affecting to the rate of size reduction?

Last Answer : Size reduction is the process of reducing drugs into smaller pieces , coarse particles or fine powder. Factor affecting size reduction: 1.Hardness: Soft material easy break than hard. 2. ... size reduction of the material in a machine depends upon the bulk density of the substance.

Why coating of tablet is done? What are the different methods of coating?

Description : Why coating of tablet is done? What are the different methods of coating?

Last Answer : Reasons for coating: 1. To mask unpleasant taste and odour. 2. To improve the appearance of tablets. 3. To prevent the medicament from atmospheric effects. 4. To control the site of action of ... Methods of tablet coating : 1. Sugar coating: 2. Film coating 3. Enteric coating.

What are the different types of distillation?

Description : What are the different types of distillation? 

Last Answer : Following are the different types of distillation: 1) Simple distillation 2) Distillation under reduced pressure 3) Fractional distillation 4) Steam distillation 5) Destructive distillation

Name the different mechanisms which are applicable in mixing of powders.

Description : Name the different mechanisms which are applicable in mixing of powders.

Last Answer : The mixing mechanisms are as follows: 1)Convective mixing 2) Shear mixing 3) Diffusion mixing

Name different methods of size separation. Explain any one with labelled diagram.

Description : Name different methods of size separation. Explain any one with labelled diagram.

Last Answer : Different methods of size separation are:  1 Sieving 2 Cyclone separator 3 Air separator 4 Elutriation SIEVING: Diagram: Construction: In this method fine powder is separated from ... tank is used to separate the coarse and fine particles of powder after levigation Diagram:

Define the term ‘Closures’. Write in detail about different types of closures commonly used in pharmaceutical industry.

Description : Define the term ‘Closures’. Write in detail about different types of closures commonly used in pharmaceutical industry.

Last Answer : CLOSURES are devices by means of which containers can be opened and closed. TYPES OF CLOSURES WITH EXAMPLES: 1. Plug type - It is a push-fit into the neck of the container. E.g. cork ... and paper impregnated with a suitable resin, wax or plastic. E.g. Caps of pharmaceutical liquid dosage forms.

Explain different types of excipients used in formulation of tablets with suitable examples.

Description : Explain different types of excipients used in formulation of tablets with suitable examples.

Last Answer : The following are some of the excipients which are generally required in the formulation of tablets: Diluents Granulating agents Binding agents Disintegrating agents Lubricants ,Glidant , Anti ... patient compliance. E.g. approved FD and C dyes, volatile oils and saccharin respectively

What are different types of vaccines? Write method of preparation of small pox vaccine.

Description : What are different types of vaccines? Write method of preparation of small pox vaccine.

Last Answer : There are 4 main types of vaccines: Live-attenuated vaccines Inactivated vaccines Subunit, recombinant, polysaccharide, and conjugate vaccines Toxoid vaccines Small pox vaccine ... to produce homogenized suspension. ↓ Transfer to suitable sterile container and freeze dried

Classify the different methods of sterilizations.

Description : Classify the different methods of sterilizations.

Last Answer : A. Physical Method: 1. Dry heat sterilization. 2. Moist heat sterilization. 3. Radiation sterilization. B. Chemical method: 1. Sterilization by heating with bactericidal. 2. Gaseous sterilization. C. ... 1. Ceramic filter. 2. Seitz filter. 3. Sintered glass filter. 4. Membrane filter. 

Write the advantages of microencapsulation and list different methods of microencapsulation.

Description : Write the advantages of microencapsulation and list different methods of microencapsulation.

Last Answer : Advantages of microencapsulation:  1. To mask the bitter taste of drugs like Paracetamol, Nitrofurantoin etc. 2. To reduce gastric and other gastro intestinal (G.I) tract irritations, ... 4) Electrostatic Deposition 5) Vacuum deposition 6) Polymerization 7) Multiorific Centrifugal Process.

Define emulsion and list the different emulsifying agents

Description : Define emulsion and list the different emulsifying agents

Last Answer : Definition: Emulsions are biphasic liquid preparation consisting of two immiscible liquid phasesone of which is dispersed as minute globules into other phase that is continuous phase and made miscible by ... monoesters, Milk of magnesia, Mg oxide, Mg trioxide, Carbowax, cholesterol and lecithin.