Which of the following drugs is administered by intranasal spray/application for systemic action: A. Phenylephrine B. Desmopressin C. Azelastine D. Beclomethasone dipropionate

Which of the following drugs is administered by intranasal spray/application for systemic action: A. Phenylephrine B. Desmopressin C. Azelastine D. Beclomethasone dipropionate
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B. Desmopressin
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Which of the following drugs is administered by intranasal spray/application for systemic action: A. Phenylephrine B. Desmopressin C. Azelastine D. Beclomethasone dipropionate

Description : Which of the following drugs is administered by intranasal spray/application for systemic action: A. Phenylephrine B. Desmopressin C. Azelastine D. Beclomethasone dipropionate

Last Answer : B. Desmopressin

Inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate should be used only in: A. Acute attack of asthma B. Moderate to severe chronic asthma C. Status asthmaticus D. Asthma not responding to systemic corti- costeroids

Description : Inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate should be used only in: A. Acute attack of asthma B. Moderate to severe chronic asthma C. Status asthmaticus D. Asthma not responding to systemic corti- costeroids

Last Answer : B. Moderate to severe chronic asthma

Which of the following drugs is neither bronchodilator nor anti-inflammatory, but has antihistaminic and mast cell stabilizing activity ? (a) Sodium cromoglycate (b) Ketotifen (c) Beclomethasone dipropionate (d) Mepyramine maleate

Description : Which of the following drugs is neither bronchodilator nor anti-inflammatory, but has antihistaminic and mast cell stabilizing activity ? (a) Sodium cromoglycate (b) Ketotifen (c) Beclomethasone dipropionate (d) Mepyramine maleate

Last Answer : Ans: B

In congestive heart failure patients: A. Volume of distribution of all drugs is increased B. Hepatic clearance of drugs is unaffected C. Orally administered diuretics may not be effective, but the same may work parenterally D. Inotropic action of digoxin is attenuated

Description : In congestive heart failure patients: A. Volume of distribution of all drugs is increased B. Hepatic clearance of drugs is unaffected C. Orally administered diuretics may not be effective, but the same may work parenterally D. Inotropic action of digoxin is attenuated

Last Answer : C. Orally administered diuretics may not be effective, but the same may work parenterally

In congestive heart failure patients: A. Volume of distribution of all drugs is increased B. Hepatic clearance of drugs is unaffected C. Orally administered diuretics may not be effective, but the same may work parenterally D. Inotropic action of digoxin is attenuated

Description : In congestive heart failure patients: A. Volume of distribution of all drugs is increased B. Hepatic clearance of drugs is unaffected C. Orally administered diuretics may not be effective, but the same may work parenterally D. Inotropic action of digoxin is attenuated

Last Answer : C. Orally administered diuretics may not be effective, but the same may work parenterally

Bioavailability of drug refers to: A. Percentage of administered dose that reaches systemic circulation in the unchanged form B. Ratio of oral to parenteral dose C. Ratio of orally administered drug to that excreted in the faeces D. Ratio of drug excreted unchanged in urine to that excreted as metabolites

Description : Tricyclic antidepressants can alter the oral absorption of many drugs by: A. Complexing with the other drug in the intestinal lumen B. Altering gut motility C. Altering gut flora D. Damaging gut mucosa

Last Answer : C. Altering gut flora

Bioavailability of drug refers to: A. Percentage of administered dose that reaches systemic circulation in the unchanged form B. Ratio of oral to parenteral dose C. Ratio of orally administered drug to that excreted in the faeces D. Ratio of drug excreted unchanged in urine to that excreted as metabolites

Description : Bioavailability of drug refers to: A. Percentage of administered dose that reaches systemic circulation in the unchanged form B. Ratio of oral to parenteral dose C. Ratio of orally administered drug to ... in the faeces D. Ratio of drug excreted unchanged in urine to that excreted as metabolites

Last Answer : A. Percentage of administered dose that reaches systemic circulation in the unchanged form

Bioavailability of drug refers to: A. Percentage of administered dose that reaches systemic circulation in the unchanged form B. Ratio of oral to parenteral dose C. Ratio of orally administered drug to that excreted in the faeces D. Ratio of drug excreted unchanged in urine to that excreted as metabolites

Description : Bioavailability of drug refers to: A. Percentage of administered dose that reaches systemic circulation in the unchanged form B. Ratio of oral to parenteral dose C. Ratio of orally administered drug to ... in the faeces D. Ratio of drug excreted unchanged in urine to that excreted as metabolites

Last Answer : A. Percentage of administered dose that reaches systemic circulation in the unchanged form

Fixed dose combination formulations are not necessarily appropriate for: A. Drugs administered in standard doses B. Drugs acting by the same mechanism C. Antitubercular drugs D. Antihypertensive drugs

Description : Fixed dose combination formulations are not necessarily appropriate for: A. Drugs administered in standard doses B. Drugs acting by the same mechanism C. Antitubercular drugs D. Antihypertensive drugs

Last Answer : B. Drugs acting by the same mechanism

A 10 year old child suffers from exercise induced asthma: Which is the most suitable first line drug for regular prophylactic therapy ? (a) Oral salbutamol (b) Oral theophylline (c) Inhaled sodium cromoglycate (d) Inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate

Description : A 10 year old child suffers from exercise induced asthma: Which is the most suitable first line drug for regular prophylactic therapy ? (a) Oral salbutamol (b) Oral theophylline (c) Inhaled sodium cromoglycate (d) Inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate

Last Answer : Ans: C

6 A patient of chronic bronchial asthma was maintained on oral prednisolone 20 mg/day for 3 months. It was decided to switch him over to inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate 200 μg 4 times a day. What should be done to the oral prednisolone medication after starting inhaled beclomethasone: A. It should be stopped immediately B. Its dose should be tapered from the next day C. It should be given at the same dose for one week and then tapered D. Its dose should be doubled for one week and then tapered (p. 2

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Last Answer : C. It should be given at the same dose for one week and then tapered

One of the most common side effect of inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate is: A. Pneumonia B. Oropharyngeal candidiasis C. Atrophic rhinitis D. Pituitary-adrenal suppression

Description : One of the most common side effect of inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate is: A. Pneumonia B. Oropharyngeal candidiasis C. Atrophic rhinitis D. Pituitary-adrenal suppression

Last Answer : B. Oropharyngeal candidiasis

Select the drug that is neither bronchodilator nor antiinflammatory, but has antihistaminic and mast cell stabilizing activity: A. Sodium cromoglycate B. Ketotifen C. Beclomethasone dipropionate D. Chlorpheniramine

Description : Select the drug that is neither bronchodilator nor antiinflammatory, but has antihistaminic and mast cell stabilizing activity: A. Sodium cromoglycate B. Ketotifen C. Beclomethasone dipropionate D. Chlorpheniramine

Last Answer : B. Ketotifen

Study of drug-receptor interaction has now shown that: A. Maximal response occurs only when all receptors are occupied by the drug B. Drugs exert an ‘all or none’ action on a receptor C. Receptor and drugs acting on it have rigid complementary ‘lock and key’ structural features D. Properties of ‘affinity’ and ‘intrinsic activity’ are independently variable

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Last Answer : D. Properties of ‘affinity’ and ‘intrinsic activity’ are independently variable

Drugs acting through receptors exhibit the following features except: A. Structural specificity B. High potency C. Competitive antagonism D. Dependence of action on lipophilicity

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Last Answer : D. Dependence of action on lipophilicity

Which racial difference in response to drugs has been mentioned incorrectly below: A. Africans require higher concentration of atropine to dilate pupils B. Black races are more responsive to antihypertensive action of beta blockers C. Japanese are more prone to develop SMON due to halogenated hydroxyquinolines D. Chloramphenicol induced aplastic anaemia is rare among Indians

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Last Answer : B. Black races are more responsive to antihypertensive action of beta blockers

Study of drug-receptor interaction has now shown that: A. Maximal response occurs only when all receptors are occupied by the drug B. Drugs exert an ‘all or none’ action on a receptor C. Receptor and drugs acting on it have rigid complementary ‘lock and key’ structural features D. Properties of ‘affinity’ and ‘intrinsic activity’ are independently variable

Description : Study of drug-receptor interaction has now shown that: A. Maximal response occurs only when all receptors are occupied by the drug B. Drugs exert an all or none' action on a ... lock and key' structural features D. Properties of affinity' and intrinsic activity' are independently variable

Last Answer : D. Properties of ‘affinity’ and ‘intrinsic activity’ are independently variable

Drugs acting through receptors exhibit the following features except: A. Structural specificity B. High potency C. Competitive antagonism D. Dependence of action on lipophilicity

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Last Answer : D. Dependence of action on lipophilicity

Drug administered through the following route is most likely to be subjected to first-pass metabolism: A. Oral B. Sublingual C. Subcutaneous D. Rectal

Description : Drug administered through the following route is most likely to be subjected to first-pass metabolism: A. Oral B. Sublingual C. Subcutaneous D. Rectal

Last Answer : A. Oral

A drug which produces qualitatively different actions when administered through different routes is: A. Phenytoin sodium B. Hydralazine C. Magnesium sulfate D. Nitroglycerine

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Last Answer : C. Magnesium sulfate

A drug which is generally administered in standard doses without the need for dose individualization is: A. Insulin B. Mebendazole C. Prednisolone D. Digoxin

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Last Answer : B. Mebendazole

Drug administered through the following route is most likely to be subjected to first-pass metabolism: A. Oral B. Sublingual C. Subcutaneous D. Rectal

Description : Drug administered through the following route is most likely to be subjected to first-pass metabolism: A. Oral B. Sublingual C. Subcutaneous D. Rectal

Last Answer : A. Oral

To be used as a topically applied ocular beta blocker a drug should have the following properties except: A. Strong local anaesthetic activity B. High lipophilicity C. High ocular capture D. Low systemic activity

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Last Answer : A. Strong local anaesthetic activity

The following allergic drug reaction is caused by circulating antibodies: A. Serum sickness B. Anaphylactic shock C. Systemic lupus erythematosus D. Angioedema

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Last Answer : A. Serum sickness

Intranasal spray of budesonide is indicated in: A. Common cold B. Acute sinusitis C. Perennial vasomotor rhinitis D. Epistaxis

Description : Intranasal spray of budesonide is indicated in: A. Common cold B. Acute sinusitis C. Perennial vasomotor rhinitis D. Epistaxis

Last Answer : C. Perennial vasomotor rhinitis

he following is true of desmopressin except: A. It is nonselective V1 and V2 receptor agonist B. It is more potent and longer acting than arginine vasopressin (AVP) C. It is preferred over AVP for treatment of diabetes insipidus D. It can be administered orally

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Last Answer : A. It is nonselective V1 and V2 receptor agonist

Reflex bronchoconstriction is most likely to occur with the following form of inhaled antiasthma medication: A. Metered dose spray of drug in solution B. Dry powder rotacap C. Nebuliser D. Nebuliser with spacer

Description : Reflex bronchoconstriction is most likely to occur with the following form of inhaled antiasthma medication: A. Metered dose spray of drug in solution B. Dry powder rotacap C. Nebuliser D. Nebuliser with spacer

Last Answer : B. Dry powder rotacap

All of the following are true about neurogenic shock except: A. There is a decrease in systemic vascular resistance and an increase in venous capacitance. B. Tachycardia or bradycardia may be observed, along with hypotension. C. The use of an alpha agonist such as phenylephrine is the mainstay of treatment. D. Severe head injury, spinal cord injury, and high spinal anesthesia may all cause neurogenic shock.

Description : All of the following are true about neurogenic shock except: A. There is a decrease in systemic vascular resistance and an increase in venous capacitance. B. Tachycardia or bradycardia may be ... Severe head injury, spinal cord injury, and high spinal anesthesia may all cause neurogenic shock.

Last Answer : Answer: C DISCUSSION: Neurogenic shock occurs when severe head injury, spinal cord injury, or pharmacologic sympathetic blockade leads to sympathetic denervation and loss of vasomotor tone. ... of treatment. The use of alpha-adrenergic agonist is infrequently necessary to treat neurogenic shock

The most vulnerable period of pregnancy for the causation of foetal malformations due to drugs is: A. 18-55 days of gestation B. 56-84 days of gestation C. Second trimester D. 36 weeks onwards

Description : The most vulnerable period of pregnancy for the causation of foetal malformations due to drugs is: A. 18-55 days of gestation B. 56-84 days of gestation C. Second trimester D. 36 weeks onwards

Last Answer : A. 18-55 days of gestation

The following statement is true in relation to ‘drug toxicity’ and ‘poisoning’: A. The two terms are synonymous B. When a toxic effect requires specific treatment, it is called poisoning C. A toxic effect which endangers life by markedly affecting vital functions is called poisoning D. Toxicity is caused by drugs while poisoning is caused by other harmful chemicals

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Last Answer : C. A toxic effect which endangers life by markedly affecting vital functions is called poisoning

The following statement is not correct for uremic patients: A. Attainment of steady-state plasma concentration of drugs eliminated through the kidney is hastened B. Pethidine can cause seizures C. Diazepam produces exaggerated CNS depression D. Tetracyclines further raise blood urea level

Description : The following statement is not correct for uremic patients: A. Attainment of steady-state plasma concentration of drugs eliminated through the kidney is hastened B. Pethidine can cause seizures C. Diazepam produces exaggerated CNS depression D. Tetracyclines further raise blood urea level

Last Answer : A. Attainment of steady-state plasma concentration of drugs eliminated through the kidney is hastened

In patients of hepatic cirrhosis: A. The extent of change in pharmacokinetics of drugs can be predicted from the values of liver function tests B. High doses of furosemide can be safely used C. Metformin is the preferred oral hypoglycaemic D. Disposition of atenolol is not significantly affected

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Last Answer : D. Disposition of atenolol is not significantly affected

The pharmacokinetics of drugs in the neonate differs from that in adults, because their: A. Intestinal transit is fast B. Drug metabolizing enzymes are overactive C. Tubular transport mechanisms are not well developed D. Glomerular filtration rate is high

Description : The pharmacokinetics of drugs in the neonate differs from that in adults, because their: A. Intestinal transit is fast B. Drug metabolizing enzymes are overactive C. Tubular transport mechanisms are not well developed D. Glomerular filtration rate is high

Last Answer : C. Tubular transport mechanisms are not well developed

If the effect of combination of two drugs is equal to the sum of their individual effects, the two drugs are exhibiting: A. Potentiation B. Synergism C. Cross tolerance D. Antagonism

Description : If the effect of combination of two drugs is equal to the sum of their individual effects, the two drugs are exhibiting: A. Potentiation B. Synergism C. Cross tolerance D. Antagonism

Last Answer : B. Synergism

Compared to the drug named within parenthesis, which of the following drugs has a higher potency but lower efficacy: A. Pethidine (morphine) B. Furosemide (hydrochlorothiazide) C. Diazepam (pentobarbitone) D. Enalapril (captopril)

Description : Compared to the drug named within parenthesis, which of the following drugs has a higher potency but lower efficacy: A. Pethidine (morphine) B. Furosemide (hydrochlorothiazide) C. Diazepam (pentobarbitone) D. Enalapril (captopril)

Last Answer : C. Diazepam (pentobarbitone)

What is true in relation to drug receptors: A. All drugs act through specific receptors B. All drug receptors are located on the surface of the target cells C. Agonists induce a conformational change in the receptor D. Partial agonists have low affinity for the receptor

Description : What is true in relation to drug receptors: A. All drugs act through specific receptors B. All drug receptors are located on the surface of the target cells C. Agonists induce a conformational change in the receptor D. Partial agonists have low affinity for the receptor

Last Answer : C. Agonists induce a conformational change in the receptoR

Monitoring of blood levels of diuretic drugs is not practised because: A. No sensitive methods for measuring blood levels of diuretics are available B. It is easier to measure the effect of these drugs C. Response to diuretics is not related to their blood levels D. Diuretics need activation in the body

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Last Answer : B. It is easier to measure the effect of these drugs

Drugs which undergo high degree of first-pass metabolism in liver: A. Have low oral bioavailability B. Are excreted primarily in bile C. Are contraindicated in liver disease D. Exhibit zero order kinetics of elimination

Description : Drugs which undergo high degree of first-pass metabolism in liver: A. Have low oral bioavailability B. Are excreted primarily in bile C. Are contraindicated in liver disease D. Exhibit zero order kinetics of elimination

Last Answer : A. Have low oral bioavailability

A prodrug is: A. The prototype member of a class of drugs B. The oldest member of a class of drugs C. An inactive drug that is transformed in the body to an active metabolite D. A drug that is stored in body tissues and is then gradually released in the circulation

Description : A prodrug is: A. The prototype member of a class of drugs B. The oldest member of a class of drugs C. An inactive drug that is transformed in the body to an active metabolite D. A drug that is stored in body tissues and is then gradually released in the circulation

Last Answer : C. An inactive drug that is transformed in the body to an active metabolite

Biotransformation of drugs is primarily directed to: A. Activate the drug B. Inactivate the drug C. Convert lipid soluble drugs into nonlipid soluble metabolites D. Convert nonlipid soluble drugs into lipid soluble metabolites

Description : Biotransformation of drugs is primarily directed to: A. Activate the drug B. Inactivate the drug C. Convert lipid soluble drugs into nonlipid soluble metabolites D. Convert nonlipid soluble drugs into lipid soluble metabolites

Last Answer : C. Convert lipid soluble drugs into nonlipid soluble metabolites

Marked redistribution is a feature of: A. Highly lipid soluble drugs B. Poorly lipid soluble drugs C. Depot preparations D. Highly plasma protein bound drugs

Description : Marked redistribution is a feature of: A. Highly lipid soluble drugs B. Poorly lipid soluble drugs C. Depot preparations D. Highly plasma protein bound drugs

Last Answer : A. Highly lipid soluble drugs

Weakly acidic drugs: A. Are bound primarily to α1 acid glycoprotein in plasma B. Are excreted faster in alkaline urine C. Are highly ionized in the gastric juice D. Do not cross blood-brain barrier

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Last Answer : B. Are excreted faster in alkaline urine

Which of the following is not true of the blood-brain barrier: A. It is constituted by tight junctions between the endothelial cells of brain capillaries and the glial tissue B. It allows passage of lipid soluble drugs into the brain C. It limits entry of highly ionized drugs into the brain D. It regulates passage of substances from brain into blood

Description : Which of the following is not true of the blood-brain barrier: A. It is constituted by tight junctions between the endothelial cells of brain capillaries and the glial tissue B. It allows passage ... of highly ionized drugs into the brain D. It regulates passage of substances from brain into blood

Last Answer : D. It regulates passage of substances from brain into blood

The blood-brain barrier, which restricts entry of many drugs into brain, is constituted by: A. P-glycoprotein efflux carriers in brain capillary cells B. Tight junctions between endothelial cells of brain capillaries C. Enzymes present in brain capillary walls D. All of the above

Description : The blood-brain barrier, which restricts entry of many drugs into brain, is constituted by: A. P-glycoprotein efflux carriers in brain capillary cells B. Tight junctions between endothelial cells of brain capillaries C. Enzymes present in brain capillary walls D. All of the above

Last Answer : D. All of the above

Marked redistribution is a feature of: A. Highly lipid soluble drugs B. Poorly lipid soluble drugs C. Depot preparations D. Highly plasma protein bound drugs

Description : Marked redistribution is a feature of: A. Highly lipid soluble drugs B. Poorly lipid soluble drugs C. Depot preparations D. Highly plasma protein bound drugs

Last Answer : A. Highly lipid soluble drugs

Tricyclic antidepressants can alter the oral absorption of many drugs by: A. Complexing with the other drug in the intestinal lumen B. Altering gut motility C. Altering gut flora D. Damaging gut mucosa

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Last Answer : B. Altering gut motility

The most important factor which governs diffusion of drugs across capillaries other than those in the brain is: A. Blood flow through the capillary B. Lipid solubility of the drug C. pKa value of the drug D. pH of the medium

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Last Answer : A. Blood flow through the capillary

Which of the following drugs is most likely to be absorbed from the stomach: A. Morphine sulfate B. Diclofenac sodium C. Hyoscine hydrobromide D. Quinine dihydrochloride

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Last Answer : B. Diclofenac sodium

3 Diffusion of drugs across cell membrane: A. Is dependent upon metabolic activity of the cell B. Is competitively inhibited by chemically related drugs C. Is affected by extent of ionization of drug molecules D. Exhibits saturation kinetics

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Last Answer : C. Is affected by extent of ionization of drug molecules

Majority of drugs cross biological membranes primarily by: A. Passive diffusion B. Facilitated diffusion C. Active transport D. Pinocytosis

Description : Majority of drugs cross biological membranes primarily by: A. Passive diffusion B. Facilitated diffusion C. Active transport D. Pinocytosis

Last Answer : A. Passive diffusion