Description : Drug administered through the following route is most likely to be subjected to first-pass metabolism: A. Oral B. Sublingual C. Subcutaneous D. Rectal
Last Answer : A. Oral
Description : Bioavailability differences among oral formulations of a drug are most likely to occur if the drug: A. Is freely water soluble B. Is completely absorbed C. Is incompletely absorbed D. Undergoes little first-pass metabolism
Last Answer : C. Is incompletely absorbed
Description : 11. Which route of drug administration is most likely to lead to the first-pass effect? a) Sublingual b) Oral c) Intravenous d) Intramuscular
Last Answer : b) Oral
Description : Tricyclic antidepressants can alter the oral absorption of many drugs by: A. Complexing with the other drug in the intestinal lumen B. Altering gut motility C. Altering gut flora D. Damaging gut mucosa
Last Answer : C. Altering gut flora
Description : Bioavailability of drug refers to: A. Percentage of administered dose that reaches systemic circulation in the unchanged form B. Ratio of oral to parenteral dose C. Ratio of orally administered drug to ... in the faeces D. Ratio of drug excreted unchanged in urine to that excreted as metabolites
Last Answer : A. Percentage of administered dose that reaches systemic circulation in the unchanged form
Description : Drugs which undergo high degree of first-pass metabolism in liver: A. Have low oral bioavailability B. Are excreted primarily in bile C. Are contraindicated in liver disease D. Exhibit zero order kinetics of elimination
Last Answer : A. Have low oral bioavailability
Description : The most appropriate route of administration for adrenaline in a case of anaphylactic shock is: A. Intracardiac B. Intravenous C. Intramuscular D. Subcutaneous
Last Answer : A. Intracardiac
Description : Select the drug that undergoes extensive first-pass metabolism in the liver: A. Phenobarbitone B. Propranolol C. Phenylbutazone D. Theophylline
Last Answer : B. Propranolol
Description : Transdermal drug delivery systems offer the following advantages except: A. They produce high peak plasma concentration of the drug B. They produce smooth and nonfluctuating plasma concentration of the ... the achieved plasma drug concentration D. They avoid hepatic first-pass metabolism of the drug
Last Answer : A. They produce high peak plasma concentration of the drug
Last Answer : A
Description : In addition to slow intravenous infusion, which of the following routes of administration allows for titration of the dose of a drug with the response: A. Sublingual B. Transdermal C. Inhalational D. Nasal insufflation
Last Answer : C. Inhalational
Description : A patient with a history of angina suffers an attack while in the dental chair. Prompt relief can be anticipated in MOST instances from: A. Oral administration of short acting ... epinephrine D. Sublingual administration of glyceryl tri-nitrate E. Putting the patient in upright position
Last Answer : D. Sublingual administration of glyceryl tri-nitrate
Description : A drug which produces qualitatively different actions when administered through different routes is: A. Phenytoin sodium B. Hydralazine C. Magnesium sulfate D. Nitroglycerine
Last Answer : C. Magnesium sulfate
Description : 10. Pick out the appropriate alimentary route of administration when passage of drugs through liver is minimized: a) Oral b) Transdermal c) Rectal d) Intraduodenal
Last Answer : c) Rectal
Description : Glyceryl trinitrate is administered by the following routes except: A. Oral B. Sublingual C. Intramuscular D. Intravenous
Last Answer : C. Intramuscular
Description : A drug which is generally administered in standard doses without the need for dose individualization is: A. Insulin B. Mebendazole C. Prednisolone D. Digoxin
Last Answer : B. Mebendazole
Description : The preferred route of administration of medication in the most acute care situations is which of the following routes? a) Intravenous The IV route is the preferred ... ) Intramuscular Intramuscular administration of medication is absorbed more slowly than intravenously administered medication.
Last Answer : a) Intravenous The IV route is the preferred parenteral route in most acute care situations because it is much more comfortable for the patient, and peak serum levels and pain relief occur more rapidly and reliably.
Description : Select the antifungal drug which is administered only by the oral route: A. Amphotericin B B. Ketoconazole C. Griseofulvin D. Tolnaftate
Last Answer : C. Griseofulvin
Description : Compared to subcutaneous injection, the intramuscular injection of drugs: A. Is more painful B. Produces faster response C. Is unsuitable for depot preparations D. Carries greater risk of anaphylactic reaction
Last Answer : B. Produces faster response
Description : A patient of acute myocardial infarction being treated in intensive care unit developed left ventricular failure with raised central venous pressure. It was decided to use glyceryl trinitrate. Which route/ ... (a) Sublingual (b) Oral (c) Intravenous bolus injection (d) Slow intravenous infusion
Last Answer : Ans: D
Description : A patient of acute myocardial infarction being treated in intensive care unit developed left ventricular failure with raised central venous pressure. It was decided to use glyceryl trinitrate. Which route ... suitable: A. Sublingual B. Oral C. Intravenous bolus injection D. Slow intravenous infusion
Last Answer : D. Slow intravenous infusion
Description : Cimetidine interacts with more drugs than ranitidine because; a) It is subjected to greater first pass metabolism b) It is a more potent enzyme inducer c) It is a more potent enzyme inhibitor d) It has better oral absorption
Last Answer : c) It is a more potent enzyme inhibitor
Description : Interindividual variations in equieffective doses of a drug are most marked if it is disposed by: A. Glomerular filtration B. Tubular secretion C. Both glomerular filtration and tubular secretion D. Hepatic metabolism
Last Answer : D. Hepatic metabolism
Description : The plasma protein bound fraction of a drug: A. Contributes to the response at the given moment B. Remains constant irrespective of the total drug concentration C. Remains constant irrespective of the disease state D. Is not available for metabolism unless actively extracted by the liver
Last Answer : D. Is not available for metabolism unless actively extracted by the liver
Description : A nonvolatile, highly lipid soluble drug is metabolized at a rate of 15% per hour. On intravenous injection it produces general anaesthesia for 10 min. Which process is responsible for termination of ... : A. Metabolism in liver B. Plasma protein binding C. Excretion by kidney D. Redistribution
Last Answer : D. Redistribution
Description : Drug metabolism can be induced by the following factors except: A. Cigarette smoking B. Acute alcohol ingestion C. Exposure to insecticides D. Consumption charcoal broiled meat
Last Answer : B. Acute alcohol ingestion
Description : Which of the following cytochrome P450 isoenzymes is involved in the metabolism of largest number of drugs in human beings and has been implicated in some dangerous drug interactions: A. CYP 3A4 B. CYP 2C9 C. CYP 2E1 D. CYP 1A2
Last Answer : A. CYP 3A4
Last Answer : B. Altering gut motility
Description : Sustained/controlled release oral dosage form is appropriate for the following type of drug: A. An antiarthritic with a plasma half life of 24 hr B. A sleep inducing hypnotic with a plasma half life of ... 3 hours D. An analgesic with a plasma half life of 6 hours used for relief of casual headache
Last Answer : Microsomal enzyme induction has one of the following features: A. Takes about one week to develop B. Results in increased affinity of the enzyme for the substrate C. It is irreversible D. Can be used to treat acute drug poisonings
Description : The preferred drug for suppressing febrile convulsions is: A. Intramuscular phenobarbitone B. Intravenous phenytoin C. Rectal diazepam D. Oral sodium valproate
Last Answer : C. Rectal diazepam
Description : In congestive heart failure patients: A. Volume of distribution of all drugs is increased B. Hepatic clearance of drugs is unaffected C. Orally administered diuretics may not be effective, but the same may work parenterally D. Inotropic action of digoxin is attenuated
Last Answer : C. Orally administered diuretics may not be effective, but the same may work parenterally
Description : Which of the following drugs is administered by intranasal spray/application for systemic action: A. Phenylephrine B. Desmopressin C. Azelastine D. Beclomethasone dipropionate
Last Answer : B. Desmopressin
Description : Fixed dose combination formulations are not necessarily appropriate for: A. Drugs administered in standard doses B. Drugs acting by the same mechanism C. Antitubercular drugs D. Antihypertensive drugs
Last Answer : B. Drugs acting by the same mechanism
Description : Nitrate tolerance is least likely to develop with the use of: A. Sustained release oral glyceryl trinitrate B. Sublingual glyceryl trinitrate C. Transdermal glyceryl trinitrate D. Oral pentaerythritol tetranitrate
Last Answer : B. Sublingual glyceryl trinitrate
Description : Reflex bronchoconstriction is most likely to occur with the following form of inhaled antiasthma medication: A. Metered dose spray of drug in solution B. Dry powder rotacap C. Nebuliser D. Nebuliser with spacer
Last Answer : B. Dry powder rotacap
Description : Out of two anticholinesterases, drug X' is a tertiary amine while drug Y' is a quarternary ammonium compound. Then: A. Drug X' is likely to be more potent than Y' B. Drug X' will be more ... a miotic C. Drug Y' will be completely metabolized in the body D. Drug Y' will produce CNS effects
Last Answer : B. Drug ‘X’ will be more suitable to be used as a miotic
Description : A drug (200 mg dose) administered in tablet form and as intravenous injection (50 mg dose) showed AUG of 100 and 200 microgram hr/mL, respectively. The absolute availability of the drug through oral administration is : (A) 125% (B) 250 % (C) 12.5% (D) 1.25%
Last Answer : (C) 12.5%