Oral culture entered print in the following ways: (i) Printers published popular ballads and folk tales. (ii) Books were profusely illustrated with pictures. Printed material was transmitted orally in the following ways : (i) These were sung at gatherings in villages, taverns and in towns. (ii) They were recited in public gatherings. For example, Indian novelist Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay used to read out his novels to a gathering.