How is plate heat exchangers used in an ammonia refrigeration system?

1 Answer

Answer :

Plate heat exchangers are widely used in ammonia refrigeration systems, and they can be much smaller  than the equivalent tubular exchanger can. They work best flooded. A flooded exchanger system needs  a way to separate the liquid from the vapor. A typical system has a vessel, which acts as knockout drum,  accumulator, and header tank in one, along with the heat exchanger. Liquid ammonia flows from the  vessel to the exchanger, and liquid/vapor is returned to the middle of the drum. Vapor is removed from  the top of the drum. The liquid/vapor mixture from the exchanger has a lower density than the liquid  entering the exchanger, so gravity provides the driving force to circulate the refrigerant.

Related questions

Description : Pick out the wrong statement. (A) Economy of a multiple effect evaporator is not influenced by the boiling point elevation (B) Two identical cubes of iron and copper will have the same heat ... in the field of refrigeration (D) Finned tube heat exchangers are suitable for heating air by steam

Last Answer : (B) Two identical cubes of iron and copper will have the same heat content under the same conditions of temperature

Description : Suggest the type of heat exchangers for following applications - (i) Dairy plant (Milk Chilling Plant) (ii) Condenser of refrigeration system. (House hold system) Justify your answers.

Last Answer : Types of Heat Exchanger Used for 1) Dairy Plant (Milk Chilling Plant)- Plate Type Heat Exchanger Because , It is made up of aluminum alloy which provides higher rate of heat ... In tubes generally turbulent flow is develop which reduces scale deposition. Less installation and maintenance cost.

Description : Pick out the wrong statement. (A) In process heat exchangers, saturated steam is preferred over the superheated steam (B) The maximum is the emissive power of a surface at a temperature T1 ... under natural convection conditions, the velocity profile in air, normal to the plate, exhibits a maximum

Last Answer : (B) The maximum is the emissive power of a surface at a temperature T1 occurs at a wavelength of λ1 . If the surface temperature is halved, the maximum in the emissive power would occur at a wavelength of 0.5 λ1

Description : Which of the following is a widely used refrigerant in vapour compression refrigeration system (using large centrifugal compressor)? (A) Freon (B) Liquid sulphur dioxide (C) Methyl chloride (D) Ammonia

Last Answer : (A) Freon

Description : Ammonia leakage in the refrigeration system is detected by (A) Sulphur stick, which on detection gives white smoke (B) Using chemical reagents (C) Its smell (D) Soap solution

Last Answer : Option A

Description : What is the importance of ammonia detector while dealing with refrigeration system?

Last Answer : This type of detector is of no importance for electric powered refrigeration systems, as ammonia is not used in them. This type of detector is a safety device for natural gas and propane powered refrigeration systems as ammonia is the coolant in such systems and a leak of ammonia vapor is toxic.

Description : Aqua ammonia is used as refrigerant in the following type of refrigeration system (a) compression (b) direct (c) indirect (d) absorption

Last Answer : Ans: d

Description : Double pipe heat exchangers are preferably useful, when (A) High viscosity liquid is to be cooled (B) Requirement of heat transfer area is low (C) Overall heat transfer co-efficient is very high (D) A corrosive liquid is to be heated

Last Answer : (B) Requirement of heat transfer area is low

Description : Pick out the wrong statement. (A) Superheated steam is preferably not used for process heating because of its low heat transfer film co-efficient (B) In a shell and tube heat exchanger ... surface heat exchangers, when the direction of fluid flow is parallel to the axis of the tube

Last Answer : (C) S.I. unit of fouling factor is Watt/m2 .°K

Description : Baffles are provided in heat exchangers to increase the (A) Fouling factor (B) Heat transfer area (C) Heat transfer co-efficient (D) Heat transfer rate

Last Answer : (C) Heat transfer co-efficient

Description : Heat exchangers operating, when the asymptotic range is reached, (A) Provide very large heat transfer co-efficient (B) Results in making part of the heating surface inactive (C) Results in abruptly increased velocity (D) None of these

Last Answer : (B) Results in making part of the heating surface inactive

Description : Double pipe heat exchangers are used (A) When heat transfer area required is very high (B) When heat transfer area required is very low, i.e. (100-200 ft 2 ). (C) Because it occupies less floor area (D) Because it is less costly

Last Answer : (B) When heat transfer area required is very low, i.e. (100-200 ft 2 )

Description : Air is to be heated by condensing steam. Two heat exchangers are available (i) a shell and tube heat exchanger and (ii) a finned tube heat exchanger. Tube side heat transfer area are equal in both ... steam on shell side (D) Shell and tube heat exchanger with air on shell side and steam inside tubes

Last Answer : (B) Finned tube heat exchanger with air outside and steam inside

Description : Indirect contact heat exchangers are preferred over direct contact heat exchangers, because (A) Heat transfer co-efficient are high (B) There is no risk of contamination (C) There is no mist formation (D) Cost of equipment is lower

Last Answer : (B) There is no risk of contamination

Description : LMTD for evaporators & condensers for a given terminal parameters & set of conditions for counter-flow is equal to that for parallel flow. In such heat exchangers, with one of the fluids condensing or evaporating, the surface ... Parallel (B) Mixed (C) Counter flow (D) Same in either 'a', b' or 'c'

Last Answer : (D) Same in either 'a', b' or 'c'

Description : Finned tube heat exchangers (A) Give larger area per tube (B) Use metal fins of low thermal conductivity (C) Facilitate very large temperature drop through tube wall (D) Are used for smaller heat load

Last Answer : (A) Give larger area per tube

Description : Multipass heat exchangers are used (A) Because of simplicity of fabrication (B) For low heat load (C) To obtain higher heat transfer co-efficient and shorter tube (D) To reduce the pressure drop

Last Answer : (C) To obtain higher heat transfer co-efficient and shorter tube

Description : Pick out the wrong statement. (A) In drying a solid containing moisture above the critical moisture content the number of degrees of freedom is 2 (B) Sherwood number in mass transfer corresponds to ... tube heat exchangers. At higher pressure, however, it is customary to put gas in the tube side

Last Answer : (C) Forced convection is relatively more effective in increasing the rate of mass transfer, if Schmidt number is larger

Description : Noise produced by cooling fans (employed in air cooled heat exchangers or cooling tower) is mainly caused due to the turbulence created by blade passage through air. It can be reduced by use of a slower fan (A) With greater ... (B) Of increased diameter (C) Both (A) & (B) (D) Neither (A) nor (B)

Last Answer : (C) Both (A) & (B)

Description : What is the method of determining maximum differential pressure during hydro testing of shell and tube heat exchangers?

Last Answer : Mr. Richard Lee of Plumlee International Consulting usually heat exchangers have two sets of test pressures per side, one for strength tests, and the other for operating or leak tests. The ... . The acceptability of this lower pressure test will often depend upon the consequences of a leak.

Description : Is there a difference in MTD (Mean Temperature Difference) between “E” and “J” (Divided Flow) type shell and tube heat exchangers?

Last Answer : Divided flow (shell type J) does not have the same correction as the usual flow pattern (shell type E). Thermal design program make this correction factor mistake. True, there is very little ... for the above examples and it is hard to read in this range. Source: Gulley Computer Associates

Description : Why is a vacuum breaker used on shell and tube heat exchangers that are utilizing steam as the heating utility?

Last Answer : Vacuum breakers are often installed on the shell side (steam side) of shell and tube exchangers to allow air to enter the shell in case of vacuum conditions developing inside the shell. For an ... vacuum in the shell could allow condensate to build in the unit and water hammer may result.

Description : What type of heat exchangers are most commonly used for a large-scale plant-cooling loop using seawater as the utility?

Last Answer : Commonly known as a secondary cooling loop or SECOOL, a closed loop water system is circulated through a processing plant near a sea. Process heat is transferred into the closed loop water and ... debris to clear the strainer. This method has been used for many years with great success.

Description : How can you keep our seawater used for heat rejection clean before entering our heat exchangers?

Last Answer : Seawater is used as a cooling agent in condensers and coolers. Intermittent injection of chlorine gas is used to eliminate marine growth. The system is a once through type. The band screens before ... that if the same 98% H2SO4 has a little emulsified hydrocarbon, it is substantially less erosive.

Description : Ammonia-absorption refrigeration cycle requires (a) very little work input (b) maximum work input (c) nearly same work input as for vapour compression cycle (d) zero work input

Last Answer : Ans: a

Description : What is the use of shell and tube heat exchangers?

Last Answer : shell and tube heat exchangers are used mostly in the chemical processing industry for heating, cooling, condensing, and evaporating highly corrosive liquids and gases.AMETEK ... fluoropolymer heat exchangers are Hydrochloric, Nitric and Hydrofluoric Acids. Another chemical manufacturing indust

Description : How much does it cost to purchase heat exchangers?

Last Answer : A heat exchanger is a device that transfers heat from one source to another source efficiently. As for pricing for heat exchangers. The cost varies depending on the type of heat exchanger you want and ... of exchanger and the device that needs it. I would suggest searching online for the best price.

Description : Define heat exchanger. Classify heat exchangers based on geometry, direction of fluids, method of heat exchange.

Last Answer : 1. A heat exchanger is a device, which transfers thermal energy between two fluids at different temperatures. 2. In most common engineering applications, both fluids are in motion and the ... free or forced convection ii. Boiling or condensation iii. Radiation or combined convection radiation

Description : The main feature of Carnot refrigeration cycle is that, it (A) Does not need the addition of external work for its functioning (B) Transfers heat from high temperature to low temperature (C) Accomplishes the reverse effect of the heat engine (D) None of these

Last Answer : (C) Accomplishes the reverse effect of the heat engine

Description : Pick out the wrong statement. (A) A refrigeration cycle violates the second law of thermodynamics (B) Refrigeration cycle is normally represented by a temperature vs. entropy plot (C) In a refrigerator, ... (D) One ton of refrigeration is equivalent to the rate of heat absorption equal to 3.53 kW

Last Answer : (A) A refrigeration cycle violates the second law of thermodynamics

Description : Refrigeration cycle (A) Violates second law of thermodynamics (B) Involves transfer of heat from low temperature to high temperature (C) Both (A) and (B) (D) Neither (A) nor (B)

Last Answer : (B) Involves transfer of heat from low temperature to high temperature

Description : A refrigeration cycle is the same as a __________ cycle, (A) Turbine (B) Heat engine (C) Reversed heat engine (D) None of these

Last Answer : C) Reversed heat engine

Description : One ton of refrigeration capacity is equivalent to the heat removal rate of (A) 50 kcal/hr (B) 200 BTU/hr (C) 200 BTU/minute

Last Answer : (C) 200 BTU/minute

Description : One ton of refrigeration is not equivalent to the heat removal rate of (A) 200 BTU/minute (B) 50 kcal/minute (C) 50 kJ/sec (D) 3.5 KW

Last Answer : (C) 50 kJ/sec

Description : Permanent hardness of water can be removed by (A) Simply boiling (B) Adding alum (C) Passing it through cation & anion exchangers (D) All (A), (B) and (C)

Last Answer : (C) Passing it through cation & anion exchangers

Description : What are some good strategies for curing tube vibration in shell and tube exchangers?

Last Answer : Most flow-induced vibration occurs with the tubes that pass through the baffle window of the inlet zone. The unsupported lengths in the end zones are normally longer than, those in the rest of the ... bundles, this is the best solution. Adding a distributor belt on the shell would be a very

Description : What is some good advice for specifying allowable pressure drops in shell and tube exchangers for heavy hydrocarbons?

Last Answer : Frequently process engineers specify 5 or 10 PSI for allowable pressure drop inside heat exchanger tubing. For heavy liquids that have fouling characteristics, this is usually not enough. There are ... the heat exchanger of approximately 40%. This savings offset the cost of the pumping power

Description : In a refrigeration system, heat absorbed in comparison to heat rejected is (a) more (b) less (c) less for small capacity and more for high capacity. (d) more for small capacity and less for high capacity

Last Answer : Ans: b

Description : Addition oxcessive amounts of heat to a lake is referred to as - (1) Refrigeration effect (2) Green House effect (3) Thermal pollution (4) Heat Bloom

Last Answer : (3) Thermal pollution Explanation: Thermal pollution is defined as the addition of excess of undesirable heat to water thereby making it harmful to man, animal or aquatic life. A common ... . The change in ambient temperature of water decreases oxygen supply and affects ecosystem com-position.

Description : Addition oxcessive amounts of heat to a lake is referred to as : (1) Refrigeration effect (2) Green House effect (3) Thermal pollution (4) Heat Bloom

Last Answer : Thermal pollution

Description : Lowering of condenser temperature (keeping the evaporator temperature constant) in case of vapour compression refrigeration system results in (A) Increased COP (B) Same COP (C) Decreased COP (D) Increased or decreased COP; depending upon the type of refrigerant

Last Answer : (A) Increased COP

Description : The effect of changing the evaporator temperature on COP as compared to that of changing the condenser temperature (in vapour compression refrigeration system) is (A) Less pronounced (B) More pronounced (C) Equal (D) Data insufficient, can't be predicted

Last Answer : (B) More pronounced

Description : The co-efficient of performance (COP) of a refrigerating system, which is its index of performance, is defined as the ratio of useful refrigeration to the net work. The units of __________ and COP are the same. (A) Kinematic viscosity (B) Work (C) Temperature (D) None of these

Last Answer : (D) None of these

Description : In vapour compression refrigeration system, if the evaporator temperature and the condenser temperatures are -13°C and 37°C respectively, the Carnot COP will be (A) 5.2 (B) 6.2 (C) 0.168 (D) Data insufficient, can't be found out

Last Answer : A) 5.2

Description : Which of the following units is not present in both the vapor compression refrigeration system and absorption refrigeration system? (A) Expansion valve (B) Condenser (C) Refrigerator (D) Compressor

Last Answer : (D) Compressor

Description : The most important consideration, while designing the refrigeration system of an aircraft is that the refrigeration system (A) Is as light as possible (B) Has very high C.O.P. (C) Employs minimum quantity of refrigerant (D) Consumer minimum horse power

Last Answer : (A) Is as light as possible

Description : Use of catalyst is a must in the ammonia manufacture, because the reaction is reversible as well as the heat of dissociation of N2 & H2 is high. The presence of promoter along with the catalyst helps in ... B) Increasing the effectiveness (C) Improving the strength & heat resistance (D) All a, b & c

Last Answer : (D) All a, b & c

Description : The enthalpy change when ammonia gas is dissolved in water is called the heat of (A) Solution (B) Formation (C) Dilution (D) Combustion

Last Answer : (A) Solution

Description : Pick up the correct statement about giving up of heat from one medium to other in ammonia absorption system (a) strong solution to weak solution (b) weak solution to strong solution (c) strong solution to ammonia vapour (d) ammonia vapour to strong solution.

Last Answer : Ans: b