Cytotoxic T cells release which 2 toxic proteins as they fight target cells? a. histamine and heparin b. perforin and granzymes c. interleukin and interferon d. lysozymes and cytokines

Cytotoxic T cells release which 2 toxic proteins as they fight target
cells?
a. histamine and heparin
b. perforin and granzymes
c. interleukin and interferon
d. lysozymes and cytokines
by

1 Answer

Answer :

b. perforin and granzymes
by

Related questions

To activate a bound helper T lymphocyte, the macrophage produces a. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) b. granzymes c. Interferon

Description : To activate a bound helper T lymphocyte, the macrophage produces a. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) b. granzymes c. Interferon

Last Answer : a. Interleukin-1 (IL-1)

Performs and granzymes are found in a. Helper T cells. b. Antigen-presenting cells. c. Cytotoxic T cells. d. B cells.

Description : Performs and granzymes are found in a. Helper T cells. b. Antigen-presenting cells. c. Cytotoxic T cells. d. B cells.

Last Answer : c. Cytotoxic T cells.

Natural killer (NK) cells kill by secreting a. Lysozymes. b. Granzymes. c. Defensins. d. Interferons.

Description : Natural killer (NK) cells kill by secreting a. Lysozymes. b. Granzymes. c. Defensins. d. Interferons.

Last Answer : b. Granzymes.

Virus infected cells produce a set of cytokine proteins called _____ that "alert" surrounding cells to the viral threat. a. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) b. Interferon. c. Toll Like Receptors (TLR) d. Acute Phase Proteins

Description : Virus infected cells produce a set of cytokine proteins called _____ that "alert" surrounding cells to the viral threat. a. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) b. Interferon. c. Toll Like Receptors (TLR) d. Acute Phase Proteins

Last Answer : b. Interferon.

Cytokines which play an important role in the metabolic response to injury include: a. Tumor necrosis factor—a (TNF) b. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) c. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) d. Interferon-g

Description : Cytokines which play an important role in the metabolic response to injury include: a. Tumor necrosis factor—a (TNF) b. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) c. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) d. Interferon-g

Last Answer : Answer: a, b, c, d TNF or cachetin is considered the primary mediator of the systemic effects of endotoxin, producing anorexia, fever, tachypnea, and tachycardia at low doses and hypotension, ... infected sells. IFN-g has the ability to upregulate the number of TNF receptors on various cell types

The drug, Interleukin-2, is an example of which type of biologic response modifier? a) Cytokine Other cytokines include interferon alfa and filgrastim. b) Monoclonal antibodies Monoclonal antibodies include rituximab, trastuzumab, and gemtuzumab. c) Retinoids Retinoic acid is an example of a retinoid. d) Antimetabolites Antimetabolites are cell cycle-specific antineoplastic agents.

Description : The drug, Interleukin-2, is an example of which type of biologic response modifier? a) Cytokine Other cytokines include interferon alfa and filgrastim. b) Monoclonal antibodies Monoclonal ... an example of a retinoid. d) Antimetabolites Antimetabolites are cell cycle-specific antineoplastic agents.

Last Answer : a) Cytokine Other cytokines include interferon alfa and filgrastim.

Acquired immunity consists of humoral immunity maintained by _____ and _____, and cell-mediated immunity controlled by _____ a. T cells, complement, B cells b. T cells, Interleukin, B cells c. B cells, antibodies, T cells d. B cells, histamine, T cells

Description : Acquired immunity consists of humoral immunity maintained by _____ and _____, and cell-mediated immunity controlled by _____ a. T cells, complement, B cells b. T cells, Interleukin, B cells c. B cells, antibodies, T cells d. B cells, histamine, T cells

Last Answer : c. B cells, antibodies, T cells

Which of the following statements regarding cytokines is incorrect? A. Cytokines act directly on target cells and may potentiate the actions of one another. B. Interleukin 1 (IL-1) is a major proinflammatory mediator with multiple effects, including regulation of skeletal muscle proteolysis in patients with sepsis or significant injury. C. Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a major cytokine that results in platelet aggregation, bronchoconstriction, and increased vascular permeability. D. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a), despite its short plasma half-life, appears to be a principal mediator in the evolution of sepsis and the multiple organ dysfunction syndrome because of its multiple actions and the secondary cascades that it stimulates.

Description : Which of the following statements regarding cytokines is incorrect? A. Cytokines act directly on target cells and may potentiate the actions of one another. B. Interleukin 1 (IL-1) ... organ dysfunction syndrome because of its multiple actions and the secondary cascades that it stimulates.

Last Answer : Answer: C DISCUSSION: Cytokines are soluble peptide molecules that are synthesized and secreted by a number of cell types in response to injury, inflammation, and infection. Cytokines, which ... is thought to play a central role in the stress response, particularly in response to endotoxemia

The initiation of a humoral immune response involves a complex interaction of the antigen, cells and intercellular messengers. Which of the following statement(s) concerning the initiation of the humoral immune response is/are correct? a. Helper T lymphocytes stimulate B lymphocytes through secretion of cytokines such as interleukin 4 and 6 b. A number of cells can aid in presenting the antigen to the helper T cell including B lymphocytes and macrophages c. All antigens require coordinated efforts of the various cellular components of the immune system d. An antigen must be a living microorganism

Description : The initiation of a humoral immune response involves a complex interaction of the antigen, cells and intercellular messengers. Which of the following statement(s) concerning the initiation of the ... various cellular components of the immune system d. An antigen must be a living microorganism

Last Answer : Answer: a, b Stimulation of the immune system occurs after a variety of antigen-presenting cells (B lymphocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, and Langerhans cells) act to engulf ... polysaccharides), most antigens require coordinated efforts of the various cellular components of the immune system

The most important preformed mediator of allergic reactions is/are a. Prostaglandin b. Interleukin c. Histamine d. Leukotrienes

Description : The most important preformed mediator of allergic reactions is/are a. Prostaglandin b. Interleukin c. Histamine d. Leukotrienes

Last Answer : c. Histamine

The unique sets of proteins that present antigens on the surfaces of body cells are a. MHC proteins. b. Cytokines. c. Complement proteins. d. Immunoglobulins.

Description : The unique sets of proteins that present antigens on the surfaces of body cells are a. MHC proteins. b. Cytokines. c. Complement proteins. d. Immunoglobulins.

Last Answer : b. Cytokines.

Which type of white blood cells are concerned with the release of histamine and the natural anticoagulant heparin ?

Description : Which type of white blood cells are concerned with the release of histamine and the natural anticoagulant heparin ?

Last Answer : Which type of white blood cells are concerned with the release of histamine and the natural ... Eosinophils B. Monocytes C. Neutrophils D. Basophils

Which type of white blood cells are concerned with the release of histamine and the natural anticoagulant heparin? (a) Eosinophils (b) Monocytes (c) Neutrophils (d) Basophils

Description : Which type of white blood cells are concerned with the release of histamine and the natural anticoagulant heparin? (a) Eosinophils (b) Monocytes (c) Neutrophils (d) Basophils

Last Answer : d) Basophils

Severe combined immunodeficiency disease refers to a condition wherein a patient a. Cannot produce T and B cells.b. Interferon. c. Antigen-presenting cells. d. Hydrogen peroxide in phagocytes

Description : Severe combined immunodeficiency disease refers to a condition wherein a patient a. Cannot produce T and B cells. b. Interferon. c. Antigen-presenting cells. d. Hydrogen peroxide in phagocytes

Last Answer : a. Cannot produce T and B cells.

What type of immune cell may control IgE-mediated hypersensitivities? a. Suppressor T cells b. Plasma cells c. Cytotoxic T cells d. Neutrophils

Description : What type of immune cell may control IgE-mediated hypersensitivities? a. Suppressor T cells b. Plasma cells c. Cytotoxic T cells d. Neutrophils

Last Answer : a. Suppressor T cells

The early response in asthma is due to activity. a. Cytotoxic T Cell b. Basophil c. TH2 Cell And NI( Cell d. Dendritic Cells

Description : The early response in asthma is due to activity. a. Cytotoxic T Cell b. Basophil c. TH2 Cell And NI( Cell d. Dendritic Cells

Last Answer : c. TH2 Cell And NI( Cell

The cytotoxic T cells have a_____ co-receptor while the helper T cells have a _____ co-receptor. a. CD8. CD4 b. CD4, CD8 c. MHCI, MHCII d. MHCII, MHCI

Description : The cytotoxic T cells have a_____ co-receptor while the helper T cells have a _____ co-receptor. a. CD8. CD4 b. CD4, CD8 c. MHCI, MHCII d. MHCII, MHCI

Last Answer : a. CD8. CD4

TH1 cells activatea. B cells. b. Killing of pathogens in macrophages. c. Cytotoxic T cells. d. Humoral immunity.

Description : TH1 cells activate a. B cells. b. Killing of pathogens in macrophages. c. Cytotoxic T cells. d. Humoral immunity.

Last Answer : d. Humoral immunity

Cytotoxic T-cells can be recognized by which of the following cell surface marker? A- CD4 B- CD7 C- CD8 D- CD9

Description : Cytotoxic T-cells can be recognized by which of the following cell surface marker? A- CD4 B- CD7 C- CD8 D- CD9

Last Answer : CD8

CD8 surface antigen is present in A- cytotoxic T cells B- .suppresssor T cells C- both (a) and (b) D- none of these

Description : CD8 surface antigen is present in A- cytotoxic T cells B- .suppresssor T cells C- both (a) and (b) D- none of these

Last Answer : both (a) and (b)

Hashimoto disease and Graves‘ disease are similar in that both a. Affect the thyroid gland. b. Affect the red blood cells. c. Are forms of cellular hypersensitivity? d. Are accompanied by histamine release.

Description : Hashimoto disease and Graves‘ disease are similar in that both a. Affect the thyroid gland. b. Affect the red blood cells. c. Are forms of cellular hypersensitivity? d. Are accompanied by histamine release.

Last Answer : b. Affect the red blood cells.

Increasing evidence has implicated gram-negative bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS endotoxin) as the portion of the gram-negative bacterial cell membrane responsible for many, if not all the toxic effects that occur during gram-negative bacterial sepsis. The following statement(s) is/are true concerning LPS and the host response. a. The LPS molecule can in itself cause physiologic responses similar to that seen during gram-negative bacterial sepsis b. LPS triggers host macrophages to release a variety of cytokines including TNF-a, IL-1a, and IL-1b, IL-6, and IFN-a c. Excessive cytokine production is not associated with detrimental consequences d. TNFa and IL-1b appear to be the primary mediators within the host, exerting deleterious effects on the host when excessive amounts reach the syst

Description : Increasing evidence has implicated gram-negative bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS endotoxin) as the portion of the gram-negative bacterial cell membrane responsible for many, if not all the ... host, exerting deleterious effects on the host when excessive amounts reach the systemic circulation

Last Answer : Answer: a, b, d The LPS molecule exerts diverse effects on the mammalian host. Immunologic responses to LPS include nonspecific polyclonal B-cell proliferation, macrophage activation and ... deleterious effects on the host only after large amounts are secreted and reach the systemic circulation

Cytokines with clearly defined actions in acute inflammation and early tissue injury include which of the following? a. Cysteine-X-Cysteine (C-X-C) chemokines b. Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNFa) c. Transforming Growth Factor-b (TGF-b) d. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) e. Platelet Derived Growth Factor (PDGF)

Description : Cytokines with clearly defined actions in acute inflammation and early tissue injury include which of the following? a. Cysteine-X-Cysteine (C-X-C) chemokines b. Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNFa) c. Transforming Growth Factor-b (TGF-b) d. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) e. Platelet Derived Growth Factor (PDGF)

Last Answer : Answer: a, b, c, d, e Polypeptide mediators, such as TNFa and IL-1, are considered early response cytokines and are actively involved in the initiation of the ... of tissue repair. Thus, coagulation and platelet activation provide the initial foundation for subsequent cellular recruitment

: A _____ is a cytokine that induces fever by stimulating the ______. a. pyrogen, hypothalamus b. pyogen, thalamus c. defensin, thyroid d. perforin, pituitary

Description : : A _____ is a cytokine that induces fever by stimulating the ______. a. pyrogen, hypothalamus b. pyogen, thalamus c. defensin, thyroid d. perforin, pituitary

Last Answer : a. pyrogen, hypothalamus

Cytotoxic T cells release (A) Perforins (B) Interleukins (C) Colony stimulating factors (D) Tumour necrosis factor

Description : Cytotoxic T cells release (A) Perforins (B) Interleukins (C) Colony stimulating factors (D) Tumour necrosis factor

Last Answer : Answer : B

Macrophages are professional antigen- presenting cells. The protein molecule through which theypresent antigen in human is A.actin B.interleukin C.HLA D.CD8

Description : Macrophages are professional antigen- presenting cells. The protein molecule through which theypresent antigen in human is A.actin B.interleukin C.HLA D.CD8

Last Answer : D.CD8

Which type of interferon is produced by T lymphocytes? A.α B.β C.γ D. and γ β

Description : Which type of interferon is produced by T lymphocytes? A.α B.β C.γ D. and γ β

Last Answer : .γ

CD 3 complex and p 56lck proteins are present in (A) Cytotoxic T cells (B) Helper T cells (C) Both (A) and (B) (D) None of these

Description : CD 3 complex and p 56lck proteins are present in (A) Cytotoxic T cells (B) Helper T cells (C) Both (A) and (B) (D) None of these

Last Answer : Answer : D

MHC Class II proteins, in conjunction with antigens, are recognised by (A) Cytotoxic T cells (B) Helper T cells (C) Suppressor T cells (D) Memory T cells

Description : MHC Class II proteins, in conjunction with antigens, are recognised by (A) Cytotoxic T cells (B) Helper T cells (C) Suppressor T cells (D) Memory T cells

Last Answer : Answer : B

MHC class I proteins, in conjunction with antigens are recognised by (A) Cytotoxic T cells (B) Helper T cells (C) Suppressor T cells (D) Memory T cells

Description : MHC class I proteins, in conjunction with antigens are recognised by (A) Cytotoxic T cells (B) Helper T cells (C) Suppressor T cells (D) Memory T cells

Last Answer : Answer : A

The following are true : a. the HLA proteins are found within the cytoplasm of the cells b. HLA class I antigens are expressed on all cells with nuclei c. HLA class II antigens presents the virus infected cells to cytotoxic T lymphocytes d. HLA genes are found on chromosome 6 e. HLA tissue typing is carried out in all forms of transplantation to prevent rejection

Description : The following are true : a. the HLA proteins are found within the cytoplasm of the cells b. HLA class I antigens are expressed on all cells with nuclei c. HLA class II antigens presents ... on chromosome 6 e. HLA tissue typing is carried out in all forms of transplantation to prevent rejection

Last Answer : HLA class I antigens are expressed on all cells with nuclei

Which one of the following applies to the disease systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)? a. It is a type of cytotoxic hypersensitivity. b. It is often accompanied by a butterfly rash. c. It is due to an overreaction of T lymphocytes. d. It is the result of a cellular hypersensitivity.

Description : Which one of the following applies to the disease systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)? a. It is a type of cytotoxic hypersensitivity. b. It is often accompanied by a butterfly rash. c. It is due to an overreaction of T lymphocytes. d. It is the result of a cellular hypersensitivity.

Last Answer : d. It is the result of a cellular hypersensitivity.

Which one of the following statements about interferon is FALSE? a. Interferon is produced in response to a viral infection. b. Interferon is a naturally produced protein. c. Interferon puts uninfected cells in an antiviral stated. Interferon is a protein that binds to RNA virus genomes..

Description : Which one of the following statements about interferon is FALSE? a. Interferon is produced in response to a viral infection. b. Interferon is a naturally produced protein. c. Interferon puts uninfected cells in an antiviral state. d. Interferon is a protein that binds to RNA virus genomes.

Last Answer : d. Interferon is a protein that binds to RNA virus genomes.

Mast cells of connective tissue contain (a) vasopressin and relaxin (b) heparin and histamine (c) heparin and calcitonin (d) serotonin and melanin.

Description : Mast cells of connective tissue contain (a) vasopressin and relaxin (b) heparin and histamine (c) heparin and calcitonin (d) serotonin and melanin.

Last Answer : (b) heparin and histamine

The neurohormonal arm of the stress response is well defined. Less is known about the inflammatory arm mediated primarily by cytokines. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning this arm of the surgical stress response? a. Cytokines primarily work locally via direct cell-to-cell communication b. Cytokines are never detectable in the systemic bloodstream c. Cytokines are produced only by immune cells attracted to the site of injury d. Cytokine release may stimulate the release of other cytokines leading to an important cascade of events

Description : The neurohormonal arm of the stress response is well defined. Less is known about the inflammatory arm mediated primarily by cytokines. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true ... Cytokine release may stimulate the release of other cytokines leading to an important cascade of events

Last Answer : Answer: a, d Cytokines, which are produced at the site of injury by endothelial cells and by diverse immune cells throughout the body, also occupy a pivotal position in the stress response ... act as hormones and spill over into the systemic circulation and become detectable in the bloodstream

The most important receptor involved in cytotoxic drug induced vomiting is (a) Histamine H1 receptor (b) Serotonin 5-HT3 receptor (c) Dopamine D2 receptor (d) Opioid µ receptor

Description : The most important receptor involved in cytotoxic drug induced vomiting is (a) Histamine H1 receptor (b) Serotonin 5-HT3 receptor (c) Dopamine D2 receptor (d) Opioid µ receptor

Last Answer : Ans: B

The most important receptor involved in cytotoxic drug induced vomiting is: A. Histamine H1 receptor B. Serotonin 5-HT3 receptor C. Dopamine D2 receptor D. Opioid μ receptor

Description : The most important receptor involved in cytotoxic drug induced vomiting is: A. Histamine H1 receptor B. Serotonin 5-HT3 receptor C. Dopamine D2 receptor D. Opioid μ receptor

Last Answer : B. Serotonin

During the course of a cellular hypersensitivity a. Antibodies react with antigens in tissues. b. Serotonin and histamine are released by cells. c. Immune complexes form on blood vessel surfacesd. A skin thickening called an induration may form..

Description : During the course of a cellular hypersensitivity a. Antibodies react with antigens in tissues. b. Serotonin and histamine are released by cells. c. Immune complexes form on blood vessel surfaces. d. A skin thickening called an induration may form.

Last Answer : b. Serotonin and histamine are released by cells.

________ bind to_________ on microbial invaders. a. Toll-like receptors; PAM Ps b. Mast cells; histamine c. Toll-like receptors; complement d. Macrophages; defensins

Description : ________ bind to_________ on microbial invaders. a. Toll-like receptors; PAM Ps b. Mast cells; histamine c. Toll-like receptors; complement d. Macrophages; defensins

Last Answer : a. Toll-like receptors; PAM Ps

Some contemporary products already obtained by plasmid technology include a. interferon b. insulin c. human growth hormone d. A-C above are correct

Description : Some contemporary products already obtained by plasmid technology include a. interferon b. insulin c. human growth hormone d. A-C above are correct

Last Answer : d. A-C above are correct

The transfusion reaction that arises from the mixing of incompatible blood types illustrates a/an a. Form of lupus erythematous. b. Type i hypersensitivity. c. Immune complex reaction. d. Cytotoxic hypersensitivity.

Description : The transfusion reaction that arises from the mixing of incompatible blood types illustrates a/an a. Form of lupus erythematous. b. Type i hypersensitivity. c. Immune complex reaction. d. Cytotoxic hypersensitivity.

Last Answer : d. Cytotoxic hypersensitivity.

A cytotoxic hypersensitivity would occur if blood type is transfused into a person with blood type a. A;AB b. 0; AB c. A; 0 d. 0; B

Description : A cytotoxic hypersensitivity would occur if blood type is transfused into a person with blood type a. A;AB b. 0; AB c. A; 0 d. 0; B

Last Answer : a. A;AB

Secretion of Serotonin, heparin and histamine is the function of

Description : Secretion of Serotonin, heparin and histamine is the function of

Last Answer : mast cells.

Inflammation is a complex tissue reaction that includes the release of cytokines, leukotrienes, prostaglandins, and peptides. Prostaglandins involved in inflammatory processes are produced from arachidonic acid by (a) Cyclooxygenase 1 (b) Cyclooxygenase 2 (c) Glutathione – S – transferase (d) Lipoxygenase (e) Phospholipase A2

Description : Inflammation is a complex tissue reaction that includes the release of cytokines, leukotrienes, prostaglandins, and peptides. Prostaglandins involved in inflammatory processes are produced from arachidonic acid by (a) ... 2 (c) Glutathione - S - transferase (d) Lipoxygenase (e) Phospholipase A2

Last Answer : Ans: B

The following kinin action is mediated primarily by the kinin B1 receptor: A. Intestinal contraction B. Bronchoconstriction C. EDRF release and vasodilatation D. Production of Interleukin, TNFα and other inflammatory mediators

Description : The following kinin action is mediated primarily by the kinin B1 receptor: A. Intestinal contraction B. Bronchoconstriction C. EDRF release and vasodilatation D. Production of Interleukin, TNFα and other inflammatory mediators

Last Answer : . Production of Interleukin, TNFα and other inflammatory mediators

Regarding interferon: a. it is a virus specific molecules b. it acts by neutralizing exotoxin c. it enhances the histocompatibility antigen on cell surface and thereby activate the T cells d. it exerts its effect by integrating itself with the DNA of virus infected cells

Description : Regarding interferon: a. it is a virus specific molecules b. it acts by neutralizing exotoxin c. it enhances the histocompatibility antigen on cell surface and thereby activate the T cells d. it exerts its effect by integrating itself with the DNA of virus infected cells

Last Answer : it enhances the histocompatibility antigen on cell surface and thereby activate the T cells

Human immunodeficiency virus destroys (A) Cytotoxic T cells (B) Helper T cells (C) B cells (D) Plasma cells

Description : Human immunodeficiency virus destroys (A) Cytotoxic T cells (B) Helper T cells (C) B cells (D) Plasma cells

Last Answer : Answer : B

CD 4 is a transmembrane glycoprotein present in (A) Cytotoxic T cells (B) Helper T cells (C) Suppressor T cells (D) Memory T cells

Description : CD 4 is a transmembrane glycoprotein present in (A) Cytotoxic T cells (B) Helper T cells (C) Suppressor T cells (D) Memory T cells

Last Answer : Answer : A

CD 8 is a transmembrane glycoprotein present in (A) Cytotoxic T cells (B) Helper T cells (C) Suppressor T cells (D) Memory T cells

Description : CD 8 is a transmembrane glycoprotein present in (A) Cytotoxic T cells (B) Helper T cells (C) Suppressor T cells (D) Memory T cells

Last Answer : Answer : C