Description : Which of the following statements regarding cytokines is incorrect? A. Cytokines act directly on target cells and may potentiate the actions of one another. B. Interleukin 1 (IL-1) ... organ dysfunction syndrome because of its multiple actions and the secondary cascades that it stimulates.
Last Answer : Answer: C DISCUSSION: Cytokines are soluble peptide molecules that are synthesized and secreted by a number of cell types in response to injury, inflammation, and infection. Cytokines, which ... is thought to play a central role in the stress response, particularly in response to endotoxemia
Description : Defination of Coagulative Value
Last Answer : Coagulative Value : The minimum no. of a milli moles of electrolyte requires to coagulate one litre colloidal solutions.
Description : Neural system which relays impulses from CNS to skeletal muscles is
Last Answer : Neural system which relays impulses from CNS to skeletal muscles is
Description : Skeletal muscles have a striped appearance under the microscope and hence called____mucles.
Last Answer : Skeletal muscles have a striped appearance under the microscope and hence called____mucles.
Description : In a vertebrate which germ layer forms the skeletal muscles :
Last Answer : In a vertebrate which germ layer forms the skeletal muscles : A. Ectoderm B. Endoderm C. Mesoderm D. Both 1 and 2
Description : Which one is not the character of red skeletal muscles ?
Last Answer : Which one is not the character of red skeletal muscles ? A. Smaller diameter B. More ... C. More sarcoplasmic reticulum D. More blood capillaries
Description : Why do most skeletal muscles work in pairs?
Last Answer : Skeletal muscles work in pair because of the limitation that these muscles can only contract or pull and can only move in one direction.
Description : Hypocalcaemia affects (A) Skeletal muslces (B) Smooth muscles (C) Cardiac muscles (D) Skeletal muscles + smooth muscles + cardiac muscles
Last Answer : Answer : D
Description : Ketone bodies are synthesized from fatty acid oxidation products by which of the following organs? (A) Liver (B) Skeletal muscles (C) Kidney (D) Brain
Last Answer : Answer : A
Description : Approximate number of skeletal muscles is : (1) 500 (2) 700 (3) 200 (4) 206
Last Answer : (2) 700 Explanation: There are approximately 640 skeletal muscles within the typical human, and almost every muscle constitutes one part of a pair of identical bilateral muscles, found on both sides, ... as different parts of a single muscle or as several muscles. Examples range from 640 to 850.
Description : Give reason: Striped muscles are called ‘skeletal muscles’.
Last Answer : Striped muscles are usually attached to the bones. Hence they are called skeletalmuscles.
Description : The autonomic nervous system innervates all of these except? A. Cardiac muscles B. Skeletal muscles (Answer) C. Smooth muscles D. none
Last Answer : B. Skeletal muscles (Answer)
Description : The effects of glucocorticoid hormones include: a. increase hepatic glycogen synthesis b. decrease glucose uptake by the adipose tissue c. decrease hepatic gluconeogesis d. increase protein synthesis in the skeletal muscles
Last Answer : . increase hepatic glycogen synthesis
Description : Select the correct statement regarding the specific disorder of muscular or skeletal system. (a) Muscular dystrophy - Age related shortening of muscles (b) Osteoporosis - Decrease in bone mass and ... of myosin filaments (d) Gout - Inflammation of joints due to extra deposition of calcium
Last Answer : (b) Osteoporosis – Decrease in bone mass and higher chances of fractures with advancing age
Description : Select the correct statement with respect to disorders of muscles in humans. (a) Failure of neuromuscular transmission in myasthenia gravis can prevent normal swallowing. (b) Accumulation of ... of vitamin D causes osteoporosis. (d) Rapid contractions of skeletal muscles cause muscle dystrophy
Last Answer : (a) Failure of neuromuscular transmission in myasthenia gravis can prevent normal swallowing.
Description : The four sketches (A, B, C and D) given below, represent four different types of animal tissues. Which one of these is correctly identified in the options given, along with its ... Smooth Heart Heart muscle contraction tissue (d) (A) Columnar Nephron Secretion epithelium and absorption
Last Answer : (a) (B) Glandular Intestine Secretion epithelium
Description : Identify the tissue shown in the diagram and match with its characteristics and its location. (a) Smooth muscles, show branching, found in the wall of the heart (b) Cardiac muscles, unbranched ... the ribs (d) Skeletal muscles show striations and are closely attached with the bones of the limbs
Last Answer : (d) Skeletal muscles show striations and are closely attached with the bones of the limbs
Description : Neuromuscular blocking drugs do not produce central actions because: A. They do not cross the blood-brain barrier B. Nicotinic receptors are not present in the brain C. They are sequestrated in the periphery by tight binding to the skeletal muscles D. They do not ionise at the brain pH
Last Answer : A. They do not cross the blood-brain barrier
Description : Select the skeletal muscle relaxant that is commonly used for endotracheal intubation despite causing histamine release, K+ efflux from muscles and cardiovascular changes: A. Pipecuroniun B. Succinylcholine C. Pancuronium D. Cisatracurium
Last Answer : B. Succinylcholine
Description : Glucocorticoids impair carbohydrate tolerance by: A. Promoting gluconeogenesis in liver B. Depressing glucose uptake into skeletal muscles C. Inhibiting insulin secretion D. Both A and B are correct
Last Answer : D. Both A and B are correct
Description : Guargum limits post-prandial glycaemia by: A. Inhibiting intestinal brush border α-glucosidases B. Slowing carbohydrate absorption from intestine C. Releasing incretins from the intestine D. Promoting uptake of glucose into skeletal muscles
Last Answer : B. Slowing carbohydrate absorption from intestin
Description : Tongue is made up of (a) Smooth muscles (b) Skeletal muscles (c) Both (d) None
Last Answer : (b) Skeletal muscles
Last Answer : 700
Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the outcome in patients with acute renal failure? a. Mortality for ischemic acute tubular necrosis without other organ failure is ... is unlikely d. There is no difference in survival between oliguric and nonoliguric renal failure
Last Answer : Answer: a, b, c Survival of patients with acute renal failure is a function of the successful treatment of the primary disease from which the renal failure was derived. The mortality ... is unlikely. Nonoliguric renal failure is usually limited in its extent and is almost always reversible
Description : Are there any other community type sites like The Skeletal Society?
Last Answer : I looked at the site and I am not clear. Is this a place to help women with eating disorders get over their body dysmorphic disorder or encourage it?
Description : Is necrosis cancer
Last Answer : Need Answer
Description : Exposure of plants to high fluoride concentration results in necrosis or chlorosis characteristically in
Last Answer : Exposure of plants to high fluoride concentration results in necrosis or chlorosis characteristically in A. ... and leaf margins D. Stem tips only
Description : Acid rain (a) Causes necrosis (b) Convert chlorophyll-a into pheophytin (c) Responsible for the formation of PAN
Last Answer : Acid rain (a) Causes necrosis (b) Convert chlorophyll-a into pheophytin (c) Responsible for the formation of ... (a) is correct D. Only (c) is correct
Description : Acute tubular necrosis?
Last Answer : DefinitionAcute tubular necrosis is a kidney disorder involving damage to the tubule cells of the kidneys, resulting in acute kidney failure.Alternative NamesNecrosis - renal tubular; ATN; ... reactionInjury or trauma that damages the musclesRecent major surgerySeptic shock or other forms of shockS
Description : Where can I find information on avascular necrosis?
Last Answer : One of the best places to find out about diseases and symptoms is by visiting the Mayo Clinic's website. Here is a direct link to avascular necrosis if you are interested http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/avascular-necrosis/DS00650. I hope this helps!
Description : Alloxan can experimentally induce diabetes mellitus due to (A) Stimulation of α cells of the islets of langerhans (B) Necrosis of the β cells of the islets (C) Potentiation of insulinase activity (D) Epinephrine like action
Last Answer : Answer : B
Description : In human beings, vitamin E prevents (A) Sterility (B) Hepatic necrosis (C) Muscular dystrophy (D) None of these
Description : Creatinine clearance is deceased in (A) Acute tubular necrosis (B) Acute glomerulonephritis (C) Hypertension (D) Myopathies
Description : Helper T cells release all the following except (A) Interleukins (B) Colony stimulating factors (C) Perforins (D) Tumour necrosis factor
Last Answer : Answer : C
Description : Helper T cells release (A) Interleukins (B) Colony stimulating factors (C) Tumour necrosis factor (D) All of these
Description : Cytotoxic T cells release (A) Perforins (B) Interleukins (C) Colony stimulating factors (D) Tumour necrosis factor
Description : Deficiency of molybdenum causes: (a) Wilting (b) Mottling (c) Reclamation (d) Necrosis
Last Answer : Ans. ((b))
Description : Internal fruit necrosis is due to
Last Answer : Ans. Boron deficiency (2) Guava
Description : Black tip/Mango necrosis is caused by
Last Answer : Ans. Boron deficiency (13) Other Fruit Diseases
Description : Vector for bud necrosis of groundnut is
Last Answer : Ans. Thrips (6) Rapseed and Mustard
Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the effects of MOFS? a. Pulmonary dysfunction tends to arise early and may resolve within 7 to 10 days b. Unless the precipitating ... infection, most commonly pulmonary, is a common complication providing a second hit to the patient
Last Answer : Answer: a, b, d Pulmonary dysfunction typically arises early in the development of systemic inflammation and may represent mild relatively localized acute lung injury or it may be a prelude ... is marked by progressive rise in serum bilirubin levels after a latent period of several days
Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning tumor necrosis factor (TNF)? a. TNF is a product of activated macrophages secreted in response to contact with endotoxin or ... completed clinical trials of anti-TNF antibody in septic patients shows a marked improvement in survival
Last Answer : Answer: a, b Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), a protein product of activated macrophages, is secreted in response to contact with endotoxin or lipopolysaccharide, antibody complexes, or ... patients utilizing infusion of monoclonal antibodies to the TNF molecule have shown no overall survival benefit
Description : A diabetic develops a severe perineal infection with skin necrosis, subcutaneous crepitance, and drainage of a thin, watery, grayish and foul-smelling fluid. Management should consist of: a. Gram stain ... normal, healthy tissue can be achieved e. A colostomy is of little benefit in this situation
Last Answer : Answer: a, b, c, d The presence of severe perineal infection (referred to as Fournier gangrene when this process involves the perineum and scrotum in males) is associated with a ... often provides improved wound care and patient management, although it is not invariably a positive outcome
Description : Cytokines with clearly defined actions in acute inflammation and early tissue injury include which of the following? a. Cysteine-X-Cysteine (C-X-C) chemokines b. Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNFa) c. Transforming Growth Factor-b (TGF-b) d. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) e. Platelet Derived Growth Factor (PDGF)
Last Answer : Answer: a, b, c, d, e Polypeptide mediators, such as TNFa and IL-1, are considered early response cytokines and are actively involved in the initiation of the ... of tissue repair. Thus, coagulation and platelet activation provide the initial foundation for subsequent cellular recruitment
Description : The standard management oral anticoagulant therapy for chronic treatment of venous thromboembolism is with the drug warfarin. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the administration ... warfarin be continued for at least one year after initial episode of deep venous thrombosis
Last Answer : Answer: a, b Warfarin interferes with the vitamin K dependent clotting factors II, VII, IX and X, protein C, and protein S. An important complication of warfarin is skin ... the benefit from anticoagulant therapy and thus is the basis for discontinuing warfarin administration at this time
Description : Products of platelet degranulation include: a. Tumor necrosis factor b. Interleukin-1 c. Transforming growth factor b d. Platelet-derived growth factor
Last Answer : Answer: c, d The initial response to injury and disruption of a blood vessel is bleeding. The hemostatic response to this is clot formation to stop hemorrhage. Platelet plug ... . Tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-1 also stimulate fibroblast proliferation, however are produced by macrophages
Description : Cytokines which play an important role in the metabolic response to injury include: a. Tumor necrosis factor—a (TNF) b. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) c. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) d. Interferon-g
Last Answer : Answer: a, b, c, d TNF or cachetin is considered the primary mediator of the systemic effects of endotoxin, producing anorexia, fever, tachypnea, and tachycardia at low doses and hypotension, ... infected sells. IFN-g has the ability to upregulate the number of TNF receptors on various cell types
Description : Which of the following statements about septic shock are true? A. A circulating myocardial depressant factor may account for the cardiac dysfunction sometimes seen with shock due to sepsis or ... animal studies that demonstrate a significant improvement in survival with the use of such agents.
Last Answer : Answer: AB DISCUSSION: Shock due to sepsis or SIRS frequently manifests as a hyperdynamic cardiovascular response, consisting of an elevated CI and a decreased SVR or SVRI. Occasionally, ... been encouraging thus far in human clinical trials, despite the promising results from many animal studies
Description : Gangrene is necrosis (dead. tissue due to decomposition. A. True B. False
Last Answer : Ans: A