Metabolic alkalosis is characteristically found in which of the following? 1) An infusion of sodium chloride 2) Ileostomy 3) Mineralocorticoid deficiency 4) Pyloric stenosis 5) Salicylate poisoning
Answers-4 Pyloric stenosis is associated with vomiting and the loss of stomach content – hence a metabolic alkalosis. Mineralocorticoid excess (Conn's syndrome) is associated with a metabolic alkalosis. Ileostomy may be associated with a loss of bicarbonate ions and hence acidosis. Salicylates are themselves acidic and produce a metabolic acidosis. A sodium chloride infusion is neutral and does not alter pH.