Description : What is the principal cation of intracellular fluid? (A) K+ (B) Na+ (C) Ca2+ (D) Mg2+
Last Answer : Answer : A
Description : Which of the following is strongly-acidic cation? a.Ba2+ b. Ca2+ c.Ti4+ d. Na+
Last Answer : c.Ti4+
Description : The most abundant intracellular cation is (a) H+ (b) K+ (c) Na+ (d) Ca++
Last Answer : (b) K+
Description : Amiloride has the following effect on urinary cation excretion: A. Decreases both K+ and H+ ion excretion B. Decreases K+ excretion but increases H+ ion excretion C. Increases K+ but decreases Na+ excretion D. Decreases both Na+ and K+ excretion
Last Answer : A. Decreases both K+ and H+ ion excretion
Description : Pyruvate kinase requires ______ ions for maximum activity. (A) Na+ (B) K+ (C) Ca2+ (D) Mg2+
Last Answer : B
Description : The principal cation in intracellular fluid is (A) Sodium (B) Potassium (C) Calcium (D) Magnesium
Last Answer : Answer : B
Description : The principal cation in extracellular fluid is (A) Sodium (B) Potassium (C) Calcium (D) Magnesium
Description : The predominant cation of plasma is (A) Na+ (B) K+ (C) Ca+ (D) Mg++
Description : The exchangeable sodium ratio (ESR) can be calculated as ESR = Exchangeable (C2+ + Mg2+)/Exchangeable Na+ ESR = Exchangeable Na+ / ESR = Exchangeable Na+ / Exchangeable (Ca2+ + K+) ESR = Exchangeable Na+ / Exchangeable (Ca2+ + Mg2+)
Last Answer : ESR = Exchangeable Na+ / Exchangeable (Ca2+ + Mg2+)
Description : The positive inotropic action of digoxin takes several hours to develop because: A. Binding of digoxin to Na+K+ATPase is slow B. After Na+K+ATPase inhibition by digoxin, Ca2+ loading of myocardial ... +ATPase through modification of gene function which takes time D. Both A' and B' are correc
Last Answer : D. Both ‘A’ and ‘B’ are correct
Description : hat is/are the consequence(s) of myocardial Na+ K+ ATPase inhibition by digoxin: A. Increased intracellular Na+ ion concentration B. Increased cytosolic Ca2+ ion concentration C. Increased intracellular K+ ion concentration D. Both ‘A’ and ‘B’ are correct
Description : Which of the following statements about extracellular fluid are true? A. The total extracellular fluid volume represents 40% of the body weight. B. The plasma volume constitutes one fourth ... the interstitial fluid. E. The interstitial fluid equilibrates slowly with the other body compartments.
Last Answer : Answer: B DISCUSSION: The total extracellular fluid volume represents 20% of body weight. The plasma volume is approximately 5% of body weight. Sodium is the principal cation. The ... fluid and cerebrospinal fluid, the majority of the interstitial fluid exists as a rapidly equilibrating component
Description : In extra cellular compartment, the fluid present in ml/kg of body weight is about (A) 120 (B) 220 (C) 270 (D) 330
Last Answer : Answer : C
Description : Methylxanthines exert the following action (s) at cellular/molecular level (a) Intracellular release of Ca2+ (b) Antagonism of adenosine (c) Inhibition of phosphodiesterase (d) All of the above
Last Answer : Ans: D
Description : Which of the following statements regarding cilia is not correct ? (a) Cilia contain an outer ring of nine doublet microtubules surrounding two singlet microtubules. (b) The organised beating of ... (c) Cilia are hair-like cellular appendages. (d) Microtubules of cilia are composed of tubulin
Last Answer : (b) The organised beating of cilia is controlled by fluxes of Ca2+ across the membrane.
Description : Methylxanthines exert the following action(s) at cellular/molecular level: A. Intracellular release of Ca2+ B. Antagonism of adenosine C. Inhibition of phosphodiesterase D. All of the above
Last Answer : D. All of the above
Description : Most bacteria do not require the ion a. Mg2+ b. Ca2+ c. Na+ d. Fe+2
Last Answer : Ans: C
Description : Sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) can be calculated by using of formula (a) SAR = Na+ / (b) SAR = Na+ / (c) SAR = Ca2+ + Mg2+ / (d) SAR = Na+ /
Last Answer : (b) SAR = Na+ /
Description : Sodium valproate has been shown to: A. Prolong neuronal Na+ channel inactivation B. Attenuate ‘T’ type Ca2+ current in neurones C. Inhibit degradation of GABA by GABA-transaminase D. All of the above
Description : The most probable mechanism of anticonvulsant action of phenytoin is: A. Facilitation of GABAergic inhibitory transmission B. Hyperpolarization of neurones C. Interaction with Ca2+ channels to promote Ca2+ influx D. Prolongation of voltage sensitive neuronal Na+ channel inactivation
Last Answer : D. Prolongation of voltage sensitive neuronal Na+ channel inactivation
Description : Tetrodotoxin blocks nerve impulse/junctional transmission by: A. Anticholinergic action B. Depleting acetylcholine C. Blocking Na+ channels D. Blocking Ca2+ channels
Last Answer : C. Blocking Na+ channels
Description : There are two properties of the cell necessary to maintain nonequilibrium cellular composition; the first is selectivity and the second is energy conversion. Which of the following statement(s ... transported via secondary active transport include hydrogen ions, calcium, amino acids and glucose
Last Answer : Answer: c, d The selectivity of the plasma membrane, although impressive, cannot account for the nonequilibrium composition of living cells. A cell can be maintained in a nonequilibrium state only by ... to drive the transport of a second species such as protons, calcium, amino acids, or glucose
Description : Poisons like cyanide inhibit Na+ efflux and K+ influx during cellular transport. This inhibitory effect is reversed by an injection of ATP. This demonstrates that (a) ATP is the carrier protein in the ... is hydrolysed by ATPase to release energy (d) Na+-K+ exchange pump operates in the cell.
Last Answer : (b) energy for Na+-K+ exchange pump comes from ATP
Description : The principal action common to all class I antiarrhythmic drugs is: A. Na+ channel blockade B. K+ channel opening C. Depression of impulse conduction D. Prolongation of effective refractory period
Last Answer : A. Na+ channel blockade
Description : What is the coordination number of an ion what is the coordination number of the cation (a) Na Cl structure and (b) Cs Cl structure explain the reason for this difference?
Last Answer : The coordination number is six for Na in NaCl.The coordination number is eight for Cs in CsCl. The accepted explanation is that the ionic radii of cesium and chloride are very similar.
Description : Which is the principal cation in the plasma of the blood? (a) Potassium (b) Magnesium (c) Calcium (d) Sodium
Last Answer : d) Sodium
Description : The primary force moving water molecules from the blood plasma to the interstitial fluid is a. active transport b. cotransport with H+ c. facilitated diffusion d. cotransport with Na+ e. filtration
Last Answer : filtration
Description : Ions moving towards the cathode during electrolysis of an aqueous solution of Ca(OH)2 are (a) OH (b) H+ (c) Ca2+ (d) 02
Last Answer : Ans:(a)
Description : During the propagation of a nerve impulse, the action potential results from the movement of (a) K+ ions from intracellular fluid to extracellular fluid (b) Na+ ions from extracellular ... extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid (d) Na+ ions from intracellular fluid to extracellular fluid.
Last Answer : (b) Na+ ions from extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid
Description : Select the correct statement from the following regarding cell membrane. (a) Na+ and K+ ions move across cell membrane by passive transport. (b) Proteins make up 60 to 70% of the cell ... towards the inner part. (d) Fluid mosaic model of cell membrane was proposed by Singer and Nicolson
Last Answer : (d) Fluid mosaic model of cell membrane was proposed by Singer and Nicolson.
Description : Thiazide diuretics enhance K+ elimination in urine primarily by: A. Inhibiting proximal tubular K+ reabsorption B. Inhibiting Na+ K+-2Cl- cotransport in the ascending limb of loop of Henle C ... in the distal tubular fluid to exchange with interstitial K+ D. Potentiating the action of aldosterone
Last Answer : C. Increasing the availability of Na+ in the distal tubular fluid to exchange with interstitial K
Description : Select the correct statement from the following regarding cell membrane (1) Fluid mosaic model of cell membrane was proposed by Singer and Nicolson (2) Na+ and K+ ions move across cell membrane by ... of the cell membrane (4) Lipids are arranged in a bilayer with polar heads towards the inner part
Last Answer : (1) Fluid mosaic model of cell membrane was proposed by Singer and Nicolson
Description : All the following statements about fibronectin are true except (A) It is glycoprotein (B) It is a triple helix (C) It is present in extra cellular matrix (D) It binds with integrin receptors of cell
Description : Hydrocortisone exerts the following actions: A. Increases both K+ and Ca2+ excretion B. Decreases both K+ and Ca2+ excretion C. Decreases K+ but increases Ca2+ excretion D. Increases K+ but decreases Ca2+ excretion
Last Answer : A. Increases both K+ and Ca2+ excretion
Description : The substance which is reabsorbed as well as excreted by the kidney tubule is (a) H+ (b) K+ (c) Na+ (d) Creatinine
Last Answer : Ans:(b)
Description : Amiloride inhibits K+ excretion in the distal tubules and collecting ducts by blocking: A. Electrogenic K+ channels B. Electrogenic Na+ channels C. Nonelectrogenic Na+-Cl– symport D. H+K+ATPase
Last Answer : B. Electrogenic Na+ channels
Description : Furosemide acts by inhibiting the following in the renal tubular cell: A. Na+-K+-2Cl– cotransporter B. Na+-Cl– symporter C. Na+-H+ antiporter D. Na+ K+ ATPase
Last Answer : A. Na+-K+-2Cl– cotransporter
Description : What is the major cation in the intracellular fluid?
Last Answer : potassium
Description : Which of the following electrolytes is a major anion in body fluid? a) Chloride Chloride is a major anion found in extracellular fluid. b) Potassium Potassium is a cation. c) Sodium Sodium is a cation. d) Calcium Calcium is a cation.
Last Answer : a) Chloride Chloride is a major anion found in extracellular fluid.
Description : Which of the following electrolytes is a major cation in body fluid? a) Potassium Potassium is a major cation that affects cardiac muscle functioning. b) Chloride Chloride is an anion. c) Bicarbonate Bicarbonate is an anion. d) Phosphate Phosphate is an anion.
Last Answer : a) Potassium Potassium is a major cation that affects cardiac muscle functioning.
Description : When any solution passess through a cation exchange resin that is in acidic form, H ion of the resin is replaced by cations of the solution. A solutio
Last Answer : When any solution passess through a cation exchange resin that is in acidic form, H ion ... D. tetraaquadichloro chromium (III) chloride dihydrate.
Description : (A) Cation carriers, e.g., `H-Br,Cl-OH` and `Br-Br` and oxidising agents such as `O_(3)` and `R-O-O-R`, etc. act as electrophilic reagents. (R) Electr
Last Answer : (A) Cation carriers, e.g., `H-Br,Cl-OH` and `Br-Br` and oxidising agents such as `O_(3)` and ... incorrect. D. IF (A) is incorrect but (R) is correct.
Description : Insulin increases the permeability of glucose across the plasma membrane of muscle cells by (A) Acting on adenylate cycle (B) By loosening the integrity of the membrane (C) Through Ca2 ... membrane cruting the hexose carries of intracellular organelles and making them fuse with the plasma membrane
Last Answer : Answer : D
Description : Adenylate cyclase is activated by (A) Insulin (B) Glucagon (C) Prostaglandin E1 (D) Ca2+ ions
Description : One of the following enzymes does not change glycogen synthase a to b. (A) Glycogen synthase kinases 3, 4, 5 (B) Ca2+ calmodulin phosphorylase kinase (C) Ca2+ calmodulin dependent protein kinase (D) Glycogen phosphorylase a
Last Answer : D
Description : Na+/K+-ATPase along with ATP requires (A) Ca (B) Mn (C) Mg (D) Cl
Description : Gastric lipae is activated in the presence of (A) Bile salts (B) Cu++ (C) K+ (D) Na+
Description : For the activity of amylase which of the following is required as co-factor? (A) HCO3 (B) Na+ (C) K+ (D) Cl
Description : NH+ 4 aminates glutamate to form glutamine requiring ATP and (A) K+ (B) Na+ (C) Ca++ (D) Mg++