The festival calendars in the Torah list 3 pilgrimage festivals when all Jews were to present themselves at the Temple (or at the portable sanctuary in the desert). These are Pesach (Passover), Shavuot (Pentecost or the Feast of Weeks) and Succot (the Feast of Booths), plus an extra day of assembly attached to Succot. These festivals continue to frame the year, although the requirement to make a pilgrimage to Jerusalem ended with the destruction of the Temple by the Romans in the year 70. The festival calendars also list Rosh Hashannah (the New Year) and Yom Kippur (the Day of Atonement) in the fall. Pesach and Succot are week-long festivals where work is forbidden only on the initial and final days, the others are one-day events where work is forbidden. These are all celebrated because th