Exhaust systems are designed to move exhaust gases, the resultof fuel combustion that occurs on an internal engine, away from thecombustion contained in the engine. Due to the toxic nature of thegas, which can contain poisonous elements such as carbon monoxide,the exhaust system must also effectively lessen the toxicity of thegas and disperse it away from the person operating the engine. Thegases are normally discharged through an exhaust pipe which, onmotor vehicles, normally includes a muffler to help reduce thenoise from the engine’s exhaust system.The exhaust system is composed of several components. Theexhaust manifold is tubing that connects directly to ports in anengine, compiles the exhaust gases and passes them to the exhaustpipe. The exhaust pipe then moves the compiled gases to