Vasoconstriction causes

Vasoconstriction causes
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Vasoconstriction causes A. Increase in heart beat B. Decrease in heart beat C. Increase in blood pressure D. Decrease in blood pressure
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Histamine causes all the following except (A) Stimulation of gastric secretion (B) Vasoconstriction (C) Pruritus (D) Increase in capillary permeability

Description : Histamine causes all the following except (A) Stimulation of gastric secretion (B) Vasoconstriction (C) Pruritus (D) Increase in capillary permeability

Last Answer : Answer : B

True statements about the cerebral blood flow include: a. it is constant for the blood pressure in the range between 50-150mmHg b. the blood pressure is affected more by the PaO2 than PaCO2 c. hypocapnia causes vasoconstriction d. cerebral arterioles constricts when the blood pressure raises

Description : True statements about the cerebral blood flow include: a. it is constant for the blood pressure in the range between 50-150mmHg b. the blood pressure is affected more by the PaO2 than PaCO2 c. hypocapnia causes vasoconstriction d. cerebral arterioles constricts when the blood pressure raises

Last Answer : it is constant for the blood pressure in the range between 50-150mmHg

True statements about the cerebral blood flow include: a. it is constant for the blood pressure in the range between 50-150mmHg b. hypocapnia causes vasoconstriction c. cerebral arterioles constricts when the blood pressure raises d. all above

Description : True statements about the cerebral blood flow include: a. it is constant for the blood pressure in the range between 50-150mmHg b. hypocapnia causes vasoconstriction c. cerebral arterioles constricts when the blood pressure raises d. all above

Last Answer : all above

Which of the following would help in prevention of diuresis? (a) More water reabsorption due to undersecretion of ADH. (b) Reabsorption of Na+ and water from renal tubules due to aldosterone. (c) Atrial natriuretic factor causes vasoconstriction. (d) Decrease in secretion of renin by JG cells. (NEE

Description : Which of the following would help in prevention of diuresis? (a) More water reabsorption due to undersecretion of ADH. (b) Reabsorption of Na+ and water from renal tubules due to ... Atrial natriuretic factor causes vasoconstriction. (d) Decrease in secretion of renin by JG cells. (NEE

Last Answer : (b) Reabsorption of Na+ and water from renal tubules due to aldosterone.

Which of the following vasoactive drugs used in treating shock results in reduced preload and afterload, reducing oxygen demand of the heart? a) Nitroprusside (Nipride) A disadvantage of nitroprusside is that it causes hypotension. b) Dopamine (Intropin) Dopamine improves contractility, increases stroke volume, and increases cardiac output. c) Epinephrine (adrenaline) Epinephrine improves contractility, increases stroke volume, and increases cardiac output. d) Methoxamine (Vasoxyl) Methoxamine increases blood pressure by vasoconstriction.

Description : Which of the following vasoactive drugs used in treating shock results in reduced preload and afterload, reducing oxygen demand of the heart? a) Nitroprusside (Nipride) A disadvantage ... increases cardiac output. d) Methoxamine (Vasoxyl) Methoxamine increases blood pressure by vasoconstriction.

Last Answer : a) Nitroprusside (Nipride) A disadvantage of nitroprusside is that it causes hypotension.

Angiotensin II causes rise in blood pressure by: A. Direct vasoconstriction B. Releasing adrenaline from adrenal medulla C. Increasing central sympathetic tone D. All of the above

Description : Angiotensin II causes rise in blood pressure by: A. Direct vasoconstriction B. Releasing adrenaline from adrenal medulla C. Increasing central sympathetic tone D. All of the above

Last Answer : D. All of the above

Peripheral vasoconstriction is caused by high concentrations of (A) Antidiuretic hormone (B) Melatonin (C) Glucagon (D) Oxytocin

Description : Peripheral vasoconstriction is caused by high concentrations of (A) Antidiuretic hormone (B) Melatonin (C) Glucagon (D) Oxytocin

Last Answer : Answer : A

Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct concerning the cardiovascular response to shock? a. Changes in cardiac contractile function shift the Frank Starling curve up and down b. Venoconstriction from skeletal muscle is a significant contributor to the restoration of blood volume with shock c. Arterial vasoconstriction affects all vascular beds equally d. The total circulating blood volume is equally split between the arterial and venous system

Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct concerning the cardiovascular response to shock? a. Changes in cardiac contractile function shift the Frank Starling curve up and down b. ... d. The total circulating blood volume is equally split between the arterial and venous system

Last Answer : Answer: a Central in the general cardiovascular response to shock is the action of the heart itself. The principle determinants of cardiac function in the normal heart are the volume of blood ... Blood flow to the skin is sacrificed early, followed by that to the kidneys and splanchnic viscera

Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the physiology of the microvascular system? a. Filtration of capillary fluid into the interstitial and the subsequent reabsorption is influenced by Starling’s law of ultrafiltration b. The most important variable controlling blood to a capillary bed is the length of the vessel c. Most of the resistance to systemic blood flow occurs at the arteriolar level d. Adrenergic vasoconstriction can arrest blood flow to an entire capillary bed

Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the physiology of the microvascular system? a. Filtration of capillary fluid into the interstitial and the subsequent reabsorption is ... the arteriolar level d. Adrenergic vasoconstriction can arrest blood flow to an entire capillary bed

Last Answer : Answer: a, c, d Exchange of material between the vascular space and the cell of various tissues via the interstitial space is essential for organ viability and occurs at the ... contractions are potent enough that blood flow to entire capillary beds can be arrested by adrenergic vasoconstriction

Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the neuroendocrine responses to shock? a. Sympathetic nerve endings release epinephrine which is responsible for greater than 80% of systemic vascular resistance b. Endogenous epinephrine is the primary contributor to systemic vascular resistance c. Increased pancreatic secretion of glucagon contributes to glucose intolerance associated with injury and sepsis d. The renin-angiotensin axis further augments the sympathetic-mediated vasoconstriction

Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the neuroendocrine responses to shock? a. Sympathetic nerve endings release epinephrine which is responsible for greater than 80% ... injury and sepsis d. The renin-angiotensin axis further augments the sympathetic-mediated vasoconstriction

Last Answer : Answer: c, d The neuroendocrine response to shock attempts to achieve restoration of effective blood volume, mobilization of metabolic substrates, and maintenance of central ... . Angiotensin II is an extremely effective vasoconstrictor that further augments sympathetic-mediated vasoconstriction

Eicosanoids mediate inflammation in a variety of ways. Of the following statements, which are true with regard to this? a. Eicosanoids are stored in cytoplasmic granules for release after receptor mediated signaling b. Eicosanoids include prostaglandins, thromboxanes, leukotrienes and lipoxins c. Eicosanoids generally have a plasma half-life measured in hours d. Physiologic responses to eicosanoids include vasodilatation, vasoconstriction, increased vascular permeability and both chemotaxis and chemoattractant inhibition

Description : Eicosanoids mediate inflammation in a variety of ways. Of the following statements, which are true with regard to this? a. Eicosanoids are stored in cytoplasmic granules ... include vasodilatation, vasoconstriction, increased vascular permeability and both chemotaxis and chemoattractant inhibition

Last Answer : Answer: b, d The eicosanoids are derived from arachidonic acid (eicosatetraenoic acid) and consist of prostaglandins, thromboxanes, leukotrienes and lipoxins. The eicosanoids are not ... nervous system d. Mononuclear phagocytes release a variety of proinflammatory cytokines and growth factors

Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the vascular response to injury? a. Vasoconstriction is an early event in the response to injury b. Vasodilatation is a detrimental response to injury with normal body processes working to avoid this process c. Vascular permeability is maintained to prevent further cellular injury d. Histamine, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and prostacyclin (PGI2) are important mediators of local vasoconstriction

Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the vascular response to injury? a. Vasoconstriction is an early event in the response to injury b. Vasodilatation is a ... Histamine, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and prostacyclin (PGI2) are important mediators of local vasoconstriction

Last Answer : Answer: a After wounding, there is transient vasoconstriction mediated by catecholamines, thromboxane, and prostaglandin F2 (PGF2a). This period of vasoconstriction lasts for only five to ten minutes. Once ... and mast cells and enhance the egress of cells and substrate into the wound and tissue

The drug which produces vasoconstriction despite being an a adrenergic blocker is (a) Phenoxybenzamine (b) Ergotamine (c) Dihydroergotoxine (d) Tolazoline

Description : The drug which produces vasoconstriction despite being an a adrenergic blocker is (a) Phenoxybenzamine (b) Ergotamine (c) Dihydroergotoxine (d) Tolazoline

Last Answer : Ans: B

The action of 5-Hydroxy tryptamine mediated by the 5-HT3 receptor is (a) Vasoconstriction (b) Bradycardia (c) EDRF release (d) Platelet aggregation

Description : The action of 5-Hydroxy tryptamine mediated by the 5-HT3 receptor is (a) Vasoconstriction (b) Bradycardia (c) EDRF release (d) Platelet aggregation

Last Answer : Ans: B

Methylxanthine drugs such as aminophylline cause which one of the following? (a) Vasoconstriction in many vascular beds (b) Decrease in the amount of cAMP in mast cells (c) Bronchodilation (d) Activation of the enzyme phosphodiesterase (e) Sedation

Description : Methylxanthine drugs such as aminophylline cause which one of the following? (a) Vasoconstriction in many vascular beds (b) Decrease in the amount of cAMP in mast cells (c) Bronchodilation (d) Activation of the enzyme phosphodiesterase (e) Sedation

Last Answer : Ans: C

Activation of endothelin receptor ETA, leads to (a) Vasoconstriction (b) Bronchoconstriction (c) Aldosterone release (d) All of the above

Description : Activation of endothelin receptor ETA, leads to (a) Vasoconstriction (b) Bronchoconstriction (c) Aldosterone release (d) All of the above

Last Answer : Ans: D

Agents that often cause vasoconstriction include all of the following except (a) Angiotensin II (b) Methysergide (c) PGF2a (d) Prostacyclin (e) Thromboxane

Description : Agents that often cause vasoconstriction include all of the following except (a) Angiotensin II (b) Methysergide (c) PGF2a (d) Prostacyclin (e) Thromboxane

Last Answer : Ans: D

Anasarca refers to: C A. A tumor of lymphatics B. Generalized vasoconstriction C. Generalized edema D. None of these

Description : Anasarca refers to: C A. A tumor of lymphatics B. Generalized vasoconstriction C. Generalized edema D. None of these

Last Answer : Generalized edema

Stimulation of the beta receptors give rise to: a. tachycardia b. increased myocardial contraction c. vasoconstriction of visceral vessels d. pupil dilatation

Description : Stimulation of the beta receptors give rise to: a. tachycardia b. increased myocardial contraction c. vasoconstriction of visceral vessels d. pupil dilatation

Last Answer : increased myocardial contraction

Following acute haemorrhage, the following compensatory mechanisms occur: a. increased chemoreceptor discharge b. increased level of circulating angiotensin II c. vasoconstriction of renal efferent arterioles d. all above

Description : Following acute haemorrhage, the following compensatory mechanisms occur: a. increased chemoreceptor discharge b. increased level of circulating angiotensin II c. vasoconstriction of renal efferent arterioles d. all above

Last Answer : all above

The vasopressin action(s) mediated by V2 receptors include(s): A. Increased water permeability of collecting duct cells B. Increased urea permeability of collecting duct cells C. Vasoconstriction D. Both 'A' and 'B

Description : The vasopressin action(s) mediated by V2 receptors include(s): A. Increased water permeability of collecting duct cells B. Increased urea permeability of collecting duct cells C. Vasoconstriction D. Both 'A' and 'B

Last Answer : D. Both 'A' and 'B

Beneficial effects of β-adrenoceptor blockers in CHF include the following except: A. Antagonism of ventricular wall stress enhancing action of sympathetic overactivity B. Antagonism of vasoconstriction due to sympathetic overactivity C. Prevention of pathological remodeling of ventricular myocardium D. Prevention of dangerous cardiac arrhythmias

Description : Beneficial effects of β-adrenoceptor blockers in CHF include the following except: A. Antagonism of ventricular wall stress enhancing action of sympathetic overactivity B. Antagonism ... Prevention of pathological remodeling of ventricular myocardium D. Prevention of dangerous cardiac arrhythmias

Last Answer : B. Antagonism of vasoconstriction due to sympathetic overactivity

Angiotensin III is equipotent to angiotensin II in: A. Releasing aldosterone from adrenal cortex B. Promoting Na+ and water reabsorption by direct intrarenal action C. Causing vasoconstriction D. Contracting intestinal smooth muscle

Description : Angiotensin III is equipotent to angiotensin II in: A. Releasing aldosterone from adrenal cortex B. Promoting Na+ and water reabsorption by direct intrarenal action C. Causing vasoconstriction D. Contracting intestinal smooth muscle

Last Answer : A. Releasing aldosterone from adrenal cortex

Ergometrine stops postpartum haemorrhage by: A. Causing vasoconstriction of uterine arteries B. Increasing tone of uterine muscle C. Promoting coagulation D. Inducing platelet aggregation

Description : Ergometrine stops postpartum haemorrhage by: A. Causing vasoconstriction of uterine arteries B. Increasing tone of uterine muscle C. Promoting coagulation D. Inducing platelet aggregation

Last Answer : B. Increasing tone of uterine muscle

Actions of oxytocin include the following except: A. Vasoconstriction B. Increased water reabsorption in renal collecting ducts C. Contraction of mammary myoepithelium D. Release of prostaglandins from endometrium

Description : Actions of oxytocin include the following except: A. Vasoconstriction B. Increased water reabsorption in renal collecting ducts C. Contraction of mammary myoepithelium D. Release of prostaglandins from endometrium

Last Answer : A. Vasoconstriction

Which pressor agent acts directly as well as indirectly and produces both vasoconstriction and cardiac stimulation: A. Phenylephrine B. Methoxamine C. Noradrenaline D. Mephentermine

Description : Which pressor agent acts directly as well as indirectly and produces both vasoconstriction and cardiac stimulation: A. Phenylephrine B. Methoxamine C. Noradrenaline D. Mephentermine

Last Answer : D. Mephentermine

The drug which produces vasoconstriction despite being an α adrenergic blocker is: A. Phenoxybenzamine B. Ergotamine C. Dihydroergotoxine D. Tolazoline

Description : The drug which produces vasoconstriction despite being an α adrenergic blocker is: A. Phenoxybenzamine B. Ergotamine C. Dihydroergotoxine D. Tolazoline

Last Answer : B. Ergotamine

Which pressor agent acts directly as well as indirectly and produces both vasoconstriction and cardiac stimulation: A. Phenylephrine B. Methoxamine C. Noradrenaline D. Mephentermine

Description : Which pressor agent acts directly as well as indirectly and produces both vasoconstriction and cardiac stimulation: A. Phenylephrine B. Methoxamine C. Noradrenaline D. Mephentermine

Last Answer : D. Mephentermine

The following action of 5-Hydroxy tryptamine is mediated by the 5-HT3 receptor: A. Vasoconstriction B. Bradycardia C. EDRF release D. Platelet aggregation

Description : The following action of 5-Hydroxy tryptamine is mediated by the 5-HT3 receptor: A. Vasoconstriction B. Bradycardia C. EDRF release D. Platelet aggregation

Last Answer : B. Bradycardia

The drug which produces vasoconstriction despite being an α adrenergic blocker is: A. Phenoxybenzamine B. Ergotamine C. Dihydroergotoxine D. Tolazoline

Description : The drug which produces vasoconstriction despite being an α adrenergic blocker is: A. Phenoxybenzamine B. Ergotamine C. Dihydroergotoxine D. Tolazoline

Last Answer : B. Ergotamine

Which pressor agent acts directly as well as indirectly and produces both vasoconstriction and cardiac stimulation: A. Phenylephrine B. Methoxamine C. Noradrenaline D. Mephentermine

Description : Which pressor agent acts directly as well as indirectly and produces both vasoconstriction and cardiac stimulation: A. Phenylephrine B. Methoxamine C. Noradrenaline D. Mephentermine

Last Answer : D. Mephentermine

Mechanism by which adrenaline can prolong the duration of local anesthesia a) Decreased permeability of the vascular endothelium b) Precipitation of lidocaine c) Changing the pH of the solution d) Local Vasoconstriction

Description : Mechanism by which adrenaline can prolong the duration of local anesthesia a) Decreased permeability of the vascular endothelium b) Precipitation of lidocaine c) Changing the pH of the solution d) Local Vasoconstriction

Last Answer : d) Local Vasoconstriction