Explain The theory of freeze drying and state its application.

Explain The theory of freeze drying and state its application.
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1 Answer

Answer :

Theory:- 

i) In this process, the material is frozen in a suitable container connected to a high vacuum system, so that the vapour pressure of water vapours is reduced to less than that of the material being dried.

ii) Thus, it reduces the temperature & pressure to values below the triple point.

iii) Under this condition, any heat transferred is latent heat & ice sublimes directly to the vapour state.

iv) The water vapour is removed from the system by condensation in a condenser maintained at a temperature lower that a frozen material.

Application :- 

Used for drying of biological products such as antibiotics, blood products, vaccines, enzymes preparation, microbiological cultures & other thermo labile pharmaceutical substances.
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