Explain principle and working of fluid energy mill with a diagram.

Explain principle and working of fluid energy mill with a diagram.
by

1 Answer

Answer :

Principle 

It works on the principle of impact and attrition.

Working: The air or inert gas is introduced with a very high pressure through nozzles. Solids are introduced into air stream through inlet. Due to high degree of turbulence, impact and attrition forces occur between the particles. The fine particles are collected through a classifier. Fluid energy mill reduces the particles to 1 to 20 micron. To get a very fine powder, even up to five micron, the material is pre-treated to reduce the particle size to the order of 100 mesh and then passed through fluid energy mill.

Diagram of fluid energy mill :

image

by

Related questions

Explain working of fluid energy mill with a neat diagram.

Description : Explain working of fluid energy mill with a neat diagram.

Last Answer : Working:  1. The material which is to be size reduced is fed in the grinding chamber from the bottom through the feed inlet. 2. The air or inert gas is introduced with a very high pressure through ... particle size to the order of 100# and then passed through fluid energy mill. Diagram:   

Give principle and working of “Fluid Energy mill”

Description : Give principle and working of “Fluid Energy mill”

Last Answer : Principle:  It works on the principle of combined impact and attrition. Working   1. The material which is to be size reduced is fed in the grinding chamber from the bottom through the feed ... -treated to reduce the particle size to the order of 100# and then passed through fluid energy mill

Give principle construction and working of hammer mill with neat diagram.

Description : Give principle construction and working of hammer mill with neat diagram.

Last Answer : PRINCIPLE: Impact CONSTRUCTION: It consists of a stout metal casing enclosing to which four or more swinging hammer are attached. The lower part of the casing consists of a screen , through which ... are not fixed . The mill can produce coarse to moderately fine powder. DIAGRAM:

Explain the working, advantages and disadvantages of any one mill based on the principle of combined impact and attrition?

Description : Explain the working, advantages and disadvantages of any one mill based on the principle of combined impact and attrition?

Last Answer : which of the following mill works on the principle of combined impact and attrition

Explain the working of ball mill with a well labeled diagram and give any two advantages

Description : Explain the working of ball mill with a well labeled diagram and give any two advantages

Last Answer : Working:   The drug to be ground is put into the cylinder of the mill and is rotated. The speed of the rotation is very different. At low speed, the mass of balls will slide or roll over each other ... for batch as well as continuous grinding vi)can be used for dry as well as wet grinding.

Discuss working of ball mill with neat diagram.

Description : Discuss working of ball mill with neat diagram. 

Last Answer : Working: The drug to be ground is put into the cylinder of the mill and is rotated. The speed of the rotation is very different. At low speed, the mass of balls will slide or roll over each other and ... and passed through a sieve to get powder of the required size. Ball mill diagram:   

Define ‘Homogenisation’. Write the principle of homogenisation. Write in detail about ‘Colloidal Mill’.

Description : Define ‘Homogenisation’. Write the principle of homogenisation. Write in detail about ‘Colloidal Mill’.

Last Answer : Homogenization is the process of preparing fine emulsion from a coarse emulsion by converting the large globules in to small globules. Principle: These work on the principal of braking large ... thus reduced to fine particle size The material is thrown outward due to centrifugal action

Draw well labelled diagram of “triple roller mill”.

Description : Draw well labelled diagram of “triple roller mill”.

Last Answer : diagram of “triple roller mill”.

Explain construction and working of ball mill.

Description : Explain construction and working of ball mill.

Last Answer : Principle: Impact and Attrition. Construction: It consists of a hollow cylinder which is mounted on a metallic frame in such a way that it can be rotated on its longitudinal axis. The cylinder contains ... material is taken out and passed through a sieve to get powder of the required size. 

Explain the construction and working of triple roller mill.

Description : Explain the construction and working of triple roller mill.

Last Answer : Construction: It consists of 3 rollers. Rollers are made up of hard abrasion resistant material. Rollers are arranged very close to each other's. Rollers are rotated at different speed & in ... A Scraper is provided to remove the material from roller no.3 Diagram: 

Explain construction and working of Cutter mill or Hammer mill

Description : Explain construction and working of Cutter mill or Hammer mill

Last Answer : CONSTRUCTION: It consists of a hopper at top and metal casing enclosing two sets of knives i.e. stationary knives attached to stator and rotating are attached to rotor. The lower part of the casing consists ... are not fixed. The mill can produce coarse to moderately fine powder DIAGRAM:  

Explain working,construction of filter leaf with neat diagram.

Description : Explain working,construction of filter leaf with neat diagram. 

Last Answer : Construction of filter leaf   It consists of metal frame enclosing a wire screen or a grooved plate. The screen is covered by filter cloth which is fitted in frame, to grip the cloth. The frame ... . The cake can be washed by immersing in a vessel containing water or reverse flow of air

Explain construction and working of cyclone separator with a well labelled diagram.

Description : Explain construction and working of cyclone separator with a well labelled diagram.

Last Answer : Construction:   It consists of cylindrical vessel with a conical base. In upper part of vessel is fitted with a tangential inlet and fluid outlet. At the base it is fitted with solid outlet. ... solids are thrown out to the wall and fall to the conical base for discharge. Diagram  

Give the principle and working of Fluidised bed dryer.

Description : Give the principle and working of Fluidised bed dryer.

Last Answer : Principle: In FBD, good contact between hot air and particles to be dried is obtained which cause rapid drying. Working of Fluidised bed dryer: Two types of FBD are used in pharmaceutical industry. There are ... ranging from 5 kg to 200 kg with an average drying time of about 20-40 min.

Give the principle, working and application of” Fractional distillation.

Description : Give the principle, working and application of” Fractional distillation.

Last Answer : Principle of fractional distillation:  It differs from simple distillation in that Partial condensation of vapour is allowed to occur in a fractionating column through which the vapour must pass before reaching ... , such as alcohol & water, acetone & water, Chloroform & Benzene.

Describe the principle, construction, working and uses of cyclone separator.

Description : Describe the principle, construction, working and uses of cyclone separator.

Last Answer : Principle: Centrifugal force   Construction-  1) Cyclone separator is size separation device 2) It consists of a cylindrical vessel with a conical base. 3) The upper part of the vessel is fitted ... the suspension of a solid in gas 2. It can be used with liquid suspension of solid

Write the principle, construction, working and uses of the disintegrator.

Description : Write the principle, construction, working and uses of the disintegrator.

Last Answer : Principle: The Disintegrator works on the principle of impact.  Construction:  The Disintegrator consists of steel drum having a shaft in the centre. The shaft contains a disc, on which four beaters are ... Use:   This mill is used to powder all types of drugs including very hard drugs.

Give principle, working and use of autoclave

Description : Give principle, working and use of autoclave

Last Answer : Principle:  Moist heat sterilization is a method of sterilization in which steam is used for sterilization. The steam has more penetration power and more thermal capacity than dry heat. ... by autoclaving. o Used for sterilization of a majority of official injections and eye drops. 

Give principle, working and use of fluidized bed drier.

Description : Give principle, working and use of fluidized bed drier. 

Last Answer : Principle: If a gas is allowed to flow upward through a bed of solid particle at a velocity greater than the settling velocity of the particle, particle partially suspended in the gas stream. The ... process for tablet preparation It is used in coating. Used for drying of filter cake.

Give principal and working of silverson homogenizer with labelled diagram.

Description : Give principal and working of silverson homogenizer with labelled diagram.

Last Answer : Principal:   These work on the principal of braking large globules in to small globules by passing them under pressure through a narrow orifice. Working:   The emulsified head is placed in the vessel ... blades. So a fine emulsion is produced which is then expelled out. Diagram :

Draw a well labelled diagram of filter candle. Give its working and disadvantages.

Description : Draw a well labelled diagram of filter candle. Give its working and disadvantages.

Last Answer : Diagram : Working  : The filter candle is placed in a vessel containing the liquid to be filtered. When vacuum is applied, the pressure inside the candle is decreased. Due to ... Disadvantages   1. Chance of clogging/blocking. 2. Traces of material may come in the solution.

Write the working of filter press with well labelled diagram.

Description : Write the working of filter press with well labelled diagram.

Last Answer : Working:  1. The slurry is pumped in under positive pressure up to 20 bar and fill each frame. 2. The filtrate passes through the cloths on opposite sides of the frame and runs down between the ... 6. Thickness of cake can be varied by using frame of different thickness. Diagram: 

Define The term Clarification. Write the working of filter candle with neat diagram.

Description : Define The term Clarification. Write the working of filter candle with neat diagram.

Last Answer : Clarification:-  When solids are present in a very small proportion i.e. not exceeding 1.0 % the process of its separation from liquid, is called clarification. Working :-   1) These are ... the candle & gets collected inside the candle from where it is removed. Diagram :

Describe the construction and working of evaporating pan with neat diagram.

Description : Describe the construction and working of evaporating pan with neat diagram.

Last Answer : Construction:  i. It consists of a hemispherical pan made from copper or stainless steel and surrounded by a steam jacket. ii. Hemispherical shape provides large surface area for evaporation. iii. ... . iv. After evaporation remove the product from product outlet. Diagram:

Describe working of FBD with well labelled diagram.

Description : Describe working of FBD with well labelled diagram.

Last Answer : Working of FBD  Two types of FBD are used in pharmaceutical industry. There are: 1. Vertical FBD 2. Horizontal FBD The fluidising air stream is induced by a fan which is mounted in the upper part of ... from 5 kg to 200 kg with an average drying time of about 20- 40 min. Diagram:

Explain the principle and construction of Planetary Mixer.

Description : Explain the principle and construction of Planetary Mixer.

Last Answer : Principle :-  The planetary mixer consists of stationary vessel & anchor shape blade which has planetary motion. The anchor shape blade rotates on its axis & axis moves around . ... iv) The mixing shaft is driven by planetary gear connected to an electric meter. Diagram

Explain principle of freeze drying. Give its advantages.

Description : Explain principle of freeze drying. Give its advantages.

Last Answer : Principle:  i. The material is frozen in a suitable container connected to a high vacuum system, so that the vapour pressure of water is reduced to less than that of material being dried. ii. ... it is properly sealed in an inert atmosphere. vii. The sterility of the product can be maintained. 

Name different methods of size separation. Explain any one with labelled diagram.

Description : Name different methods of size separation. Explain any one with labelled diagram.

Last Answer : Different methods of size separation are:  1 Sieving 2 Cyclone separator 3 Air separator 4 Elutriation SIEVING: Diagram: Construction: In this method fine powder is separated from ... tank is used to separate the coarse and fine particles of powder after levigation Diagram:

With a well labeled diagram explain the construction of Autoclave.

Description : With a well labeled diagram explain the construction of Autoclave.

Last Answer : Construction: It consists of a strong metallic chamber usually made of stainless steel.  It has a cover fitted with a steam vent, pressure gauze and a safety valve. Rubber gasket is ... inner chamber is place on the stand. The material to be sterilized is loosely packed into it.

Explain any four factors affecting filtration. Draw a well labelled diagram of leaf filter.

Description : Explain any four factors affecting filtration. Draw a well labelled diagram of leaf filter.

Last Answer : Factors which affect the rate of filtration are:   1. Pressure: The rate of filtration of liquid is directly proportional to the pressure difference between the filter medium and filter cake. Thus, the ... cake increases which decreases the rate of filtration.  Diagram of leaf filter :

Explain the method of hot percolation process with well labelled diagram and write its limitations.

Description : Explain the method of hot percolation process with well labelled diagram and write its limitations.

Last Answer : Diagram: Procedure :  1) The menstrum is placed in a round bottom flask. 2) The drug to be extracted is packed in a filter paper and placed in the body ... is unsuitable for drugs having thermolabile active constituents such as enzymes, alkaloids, anthraquinone derivatives, esters, etc.

Give application of simple distillation. What is the principle of fractional distillation?

Description : Give application of simple distillation. What is the principle of fractional distillation?

Last Answer : Applications of simple distillation:  i. It is used for the preparation of distilled water and water for injection. ii. Preparation of many volatile oils and aromatic water. iii. Purification ... becomes richer with the liquid having the lower boiling point which gets condensed in a condenser. 

Give principle, method and application of sterilization using UV radiation.

Description : Give principle, method and application of sterilization using UV radiation.

Last Answer : Principle:   Direct sunlight can destroy the microorganism on account of its ultra-violet rays of longer wave length. UV light of shorter wavelength kills or inactivates microorganisms by ... . Sterilization of thermolabile material. Sterilization of surface of working table.

Draw a well labelled diagram of aerosol container and give its advantages and disadvantages.

Description : Draw a well labelled diagram of aerosol container and give its advantages and disadvantages.

Last Answer : Diagram of aerosol container Advantages:   1. Medicament can be delivered directly to affected areas. 2. Absence of air prevents oxidation. 3. Hydrolysis of medicament prevented ... on injured skin. 4. Difficulties occurred during formulation when drug not soluble in propellants.

Define desiccation with two example of Desiccants and draw a diagram of “ Desiccator”

Description : Define desiccation with two example of Desiccants and draw a diagram of “ Desiccator”

Last Answer : Definition: Desiccation is the process of complete removal of mechanically admixed water from substances. Examples of desiccants:  Silica, activated charcoal, calcium sulfate, calcium chloride, and molecular sieves. Diagram:

Draw a well labelled diagram of Vacuum still and describe its theory.

Description : Draw a well labelled diagram of Vacuum still and describe its theory.

Last Answer : Theory :-  Liquid boils at lower temperature when pressure on the surface of the liquid is reduced. Therefore, when distillation is carried out under reduced pressure the rate of distillation increases. ... boiling point 100 ºc, at atmospheric pressure (760 mm of Hg ). Diagram: 

Draw a well labelled diagram of aerosol container and state method of aerosol packaging.

Description : Draw a well labelled diagram of aerosol container and state method of aerosol packaging. 

Last Answer : Diagram of aerosol container : Depending on the nature of the product concentrate the aerosol can be filed by cold filling or pressure filling process  1) Cold-filling fill process:- ... air present in the container must be expelled before filing the contents in to the aerosol container.

Draw a labelled diagram of double cone blender

Description : Draw a labelled diagram of double cone blender

Last Answer : diagram of double cone blender

Draw a well labelled diagram of ‘Soxhlet apparatus.’ Mention the various limitations of continuous hot percolation process.

Description : Draw a well labelled diagram of ‘Soxhlet apparatus.’ Mention the various limitations of continuous hot percolation process. 

Last Answer : Limitation: 1. Physical character of the drug: If the drug would block the soxhlet apparatus then this process cannot be used for extraction. Eg opium. Gum, resin, ... for drugs having thermolabile active constituents such as enzymes, alkaloids, anthraquinone derivatives, esters, etc. 

Draw a labelled diagram of apparatus used for continuous hot extraction process. Mention limitations of the process.

Description : Draw a labelled diagram of apparatus used for continuous hot extraction process. Mention limitations of the process.

Last Answer : Diagram: Limitations: process cannot be used in following conditions.  Physical character of the drug: Drugs which may block the apparatus such as opium, gums, resins, etc cannot ... process. Chemical constituents: Unsuitable for thermolabile drugs, such as enzymes, alkaloids, etc

Define container and closure. Draw a well labelled diagram of Aerosol container.

Description : Define container and closure. Draw a well labelled diagram of Aerosol container. 

Last Answer : Definition: Container is a device that holds the drug and it may or may not be in direct contact with the pharmaceutical preparations. Closure is the device by means of which container can be opened and closed. Diagram of aerosol container:

Describe construction of autoclave with diagram.

Description : Describe construction of autoclave with diagram. 

Last Answer : Construction:   It consists of a string metallic chamber usually made of stainless steel. It has a cover fitted with a steam vent, pressure gauze and a safety valve. Rubber gasket is fitted on the inner side ... the stand. The material to be sterilized is loosely packed into it. Diagram:

Describe aerosol container with labelled diagram

Description : Describe aerosol container with labelled diagram

Last Answer : PARTS OF AEROSOL PACKAGING: 1. Container: In pharmaceutical aerosol packaging, the containers are made from metal (tin-plated steel, aluminium and stainless steel), glass and plastic. These containers ... the propellant to come out without dispensing content of package. Aerosol container:

Classify different methods used for extraction. Draw a labelled diagram of soxhelt extractor

Description : Classify different methods used for extraction. Draw a labelled diagram of soxhelt extractor

Last Answer : Methods Of Extraction:   a) Infusion b) Decoction c) Maceration d) Percolation e) Digestion Diagram of Soxhlet apparatus: 

Draw a neat labelled diagram showing steam distillation at laboratory scale

Description : Draw a neat labelled diagram showing steam distillation at laboratory scale

Last Answer : labelled diagram showing steam distillation at laboratory scale

Draw well labelled diagram of filter candle.

Description : Draw well labelled diagram of filter candle.

Last Answer : diagram of filter candle.

Explain construction and working of “Evaporation Still”

Description : Explain construction and working of “Evaporation Still”

Last Answer : Construction:  It consist of a hemispherical pan made from copper or stainless steel. It is surrounded by a steam jacket. Still is covered from top and connected to the ... liquid is evaporated and condensed into the condenser 4) The product is collected through product outlet.

Differentiate between Evaporation and Distillation and explain the working and application of simple distillation.

Description : Differentiate between Evaporation and Distillation and explain the working and application of simple distillation.

Last Answer : Evaporation Distillation:  1. Free escape of vapors from the surface of liquid below its boiling point. Evaporation takes place even at room temperature 1) Process of ... Concentration of liquid and to separate non volatile solid from the volatile liquid such as alcohol and ether.

Explain construction and working of filter candle.

Description : Explain construction and working of filter candle.

Last Answer : Construction: These are cylindrical candles with an opening, The opening is connected to vacuum pump for reducing pressure under it, durin filtration process. The candles are made up of ... thick wall of the candle & gets collected inside the candle from where it is removed. 

Explain with a neat sketch the working of the apparatus used for distillation on laboratory scale.

Description : Explain with a neat sketch the working of the apparatus used for distillation on laboratory scale. 

Last Answer : There are two apparatus used for distillation on laboratory scale. 1. Simple apparatus. 2. Still apparatus. Simple apparatus: Working: 1. Water is filled in the round bottom flask. ... level device is fitted in such a way that only heated water free from gases enters the boiler.