Siddhartha Gautama was the son of Shuddhodhana of the elected chief Kshatriya dynasty of the Shakya Republic. His mother Mayadevi was a princess of the Koliya people. According to the Shakyas, Mayadevi gave birth to Siddhartha under a willow tree in the village of Lumbini in the Tarai region of present-day Nepal, on her way from Kapilabastu to her ancestral home. Mayadevi died at the time of her birth or on the seventh day. When eight Brahmins are invited to be named on the fifth day after the birth of a pure child, they name the child Siddhartha, meaning one who has attained Siddhi. At this time, a saint named Asit, who came from the mountains, saw a newborn child and predicted that this child would later become a Rajchakravarti or a Siddha Sadhak . After the death of his mother, he was brought up by his stepmother Mahapajapati Gotami. At the age of sixteen, his parents married him to Yashodhara, a beautiful daughter of the Koliya people, and gave birth to a son named Rahul. Siddhartha spent the first twenty-nine years of his life as a prince. According to Buddhist scriptures , Siddhartha began to realize that material prosperity could not be the goal of his life, despite his father Suddhodhana making all sorts of luxuries in his life . Mahaviniskraman Siddhartha's Mahaviniskraman is said to have been painted by Abanindranath Tagore. At the age of twenty-nine, when Prince Siddhartha left the palace on several trips, he saw an old man , a sick man , a dead man and a monk. When Siddhartha, who was completely inexperienced in worldly sorrows, asked his charioteer Chhanna about them , Chhanna explained to him that the destiny of all human beings is that they will one day grow old , sick and die. Chhanna tells him about a monk wearing a dilapidated yellow shaved head , that he has given up his domestic life for human misery , he is a monk. Saddened by this new experience, Siddhartha decides to live the life of a monk, determined to conquer old age , decay and death. Disillusioned with the world, Siddhartha said goodbye to his sleeping wife , son and family one night and left the palace with his beloved horse Kanthak and Sarathi Channa. Leaving the palace, he reached the end of the forest, left his royal robes, cut off his long hair with a sword, and shaved his head. After saying goodbye to Kanthak and Channa, he left for the palace. As a result of hard asceticism, Siddhartha, who was very skinny, first learned yoga from a monk named Alaar Kalam. But since he did not get a satisfactory answer to his question, he took discipleship from another monk named Uddaka Ramputta and learned yoga. But even here his request was not granted and he left her and went to a beautiful place called Urubilb near Buddhagaya. He and five other ascetics spent six years in fasting , physical oppression, and hard work, believing that the body was liberated by inflicting immense suffering. After a long period of rigorous austerities, his body became osteoporosis and he lost his ability to move. According to Dharmachakra Pravartan Sutras , he realized that realization was possible by finding a middle way between extravagant luxurious living and rigorous austerities. So he decided to take food again and he ate a pot of paramanna from a local village girl named Sujata. Seeing Siddhartha taking food, his five companions got annoyed with him and left him. After this incident, he meditated under an ash tree and vowed not to leave the place without finding the truth. After meditating for fifty-nine days, he attained Bodhi. It was during this time that he gained insight into human life and its causes and ways to alleviate grief , known as the Four Truths. According to him, liberation or nirvana is possible by gaining knowledge about this truth. Dharmapachara After the enlightenment of the Dhamekh Stupa built at the place where Gautama Buddha first taught the five disciples at Sarnath , Gautama Buddha was met by two merchants from the Balkh region, Tapusas and Vallik , who offered him honey and barley. These two were the first ordinary disciples of the Buddha. Buddha met his former teachers Alaar Kalam and Uddaka Ramputta and was eager to discuss his newly acquired knowledge , but both of them had died by then. He then traveled to the deer garden at Rishipatan near Varanasi , where he met five former companions who had abandoned him , and gave them his first instruction , known in the Buddhist tradition as Dharmachakrapravratana. In this way the first Buddhist association in history was formed with them. Then a fire-worshiping Brahmin named Mahakashyap and his followers joined the association. After attaining enlightenment as promised by the Buddha emperor Bhimsa, two disciples of Sanjay Belavbiputta joined the Sariputta and Maudgalyayan Sangha. A year after attaining enlightenment, Suddhodhana invited his son to the town of Kapilabastu. Once upon a time, Prince Gautam used to beg for food in the capital. In Kapilabastu, his son Rahul received the initiation of Shramana from him. Besides, his two relatives named Ananda and Anuruddha accepted his discipleship. Apart from Mahakashyap , Sariputta , Maudgalyayan , Ananda , Anuruddha and Rahul, Upali , Mahakatyayan , Punna and Subhuti were the ten main disciples of Buddha. Three years later, when a dispute arose between the Shakyas over the Rohini River, the Buddha settled the dispute. When Suddhodhana died within a few days, Gautama Buddha's mother-in-law Mahapajapati expressed his desire to join the Gotami Sangha. Although Gautam initially agreed to join the women's association, he happily allowed women to join the association as nuns five years after its formation. Mahaparinirvana Gautama Buddha's Mahaparinirvana According to the Mahaparinirvana Sutta, when Gautama Buddha was eighty years old , he announced his imminent death. While staying at a place called Powa, a blacksmith named Chand invited him to eat rice and ****. After eating this food, Gautam got diarrhea. The Buddha instructed that the food given by Chanda was not the cause of his death, but that Ananda should explain it to Chanda . After that, despite Anand's objections, he left for Kushinagar in a very ill condition. Here he instructed Ananda to spread a cloth on a piece of land between two shawl trees so that he could be laid to rest. Then, while lying down, the Buddha gave his last advice to all the monks and common people present. His last words were "Byadhamma Sankhara Appamaden Sampadetha" , meaning "All worldly things are destroyed." Fight for your liberation with perseverance. ” There is no clear idea about Gautama Buddha's last food item due to the difference in translation and writing style in different books. According to Arthur Wally, in the Theravada tradition, **** means soft ****. Although Carl Eugene Newman used the term to mean soft ****. Newman and Wiley again suggest that although the word pig is associated with this diet, it may be the only plant that was used as food. Centuries later, when the meaning of the word became obsolete in the composition of the biography of the Buddha, the word shukaramaddava came to be used as soft ****. According to Oscar von Hinuba , the Buddha's death was not caused by food poisoning , but by a disease of old age called Superior mesenteric artery syndrome. According to the Sri Lankan Buddhist scriptures , Deepavamsa and Mahavamsa, 218 years after Buddha's death, Emperor Ashoka was crowned , according to which Buddha died in 46 BC. On the other hand, according to the Chinese scriptures (部 部 論and部 執 異 論) , Ashoka was crowned 118 years after the death of the Buddha , according to which the Buddha died in 363 BC. However , Theravada Buddhist tradition acknowledges that the Buddha's great Nirvana took place in 544 or 545 BC. Buddhists in Myanmar consider May 13, 544 BC [69], and Buddhists in Thailand consider March 11, 545 BC, to be the day of the Buddha's death.