Description : Multiple checkpoints in the eukaryotic cell cycle ensure that division occurs only after sufficient growth and faithful DNA replication, and only when favorable conditions exist. Of the many proteins involved in ... CDKs) are among the most important. How do CDKs function to control the cell cycle?
Last Answer : CDKs phosphorylate various protein substrates that are required for cell cycle progression. Some of the important substrate proteins that CDKs phosphorylate include condensin proteins, which are essential ... which form a stabilizing network under the nuclear membrane that assembles during mitosis.
Description : List two specific cancer treatments, and tell how each treatment works.
Last Answer : Chemotherapy: Medication usually formulated chemically, and radiation where radiation is directed in certain doses via electromagnetic waves
Description : What are growth factors?
Last Answer : •Some external signals are growth factors, proteins released by certain cells that stimulate other cells to divide
Description : What happens if all the chromosome kinetochores are not attached to spindle fibers? When this occurs, which checkpoint is not passed?
Last Answer : •If the cell does not receive the go-ahead signal, it will exit the cycle, not proceeding onto the S phase
Description : What does MPF trigger? What are some specific activities that it triggers?
Last Answer : •MPF (maturation-promoting factor) is a cyclin-Cdk complex that triggers a cell’s passage past the G2 checkpoint into the M phase
Description : What is a protein kinase?
Last Answer : The Cell Cycle Clock: Cyclins and Cyclin-Dependent Kinases •Two types of regulatory proteins are involved in cell cycle control: cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks)
Description : What is the Go phase? Describe this phase.
Last Answer : •If the cell does not receive the go-ahead signal, it will exit the cycle, switching into a nondividing state called the G0 phase
Description : What is a cell cycle checkpoint?
Last Answer : The sequential events of the cell cycle are directed by a distinct cell cycle control system, which is similar to a clock The cell cycle control system is regulated by both internal and ... The clock has specific checkpoints where the cell cycle stops until a go-ahead signal is received
Description : What are the components of the mitotic spindle?
Last Answer : •The mitotic spindle is an apparatus of microtubules that controls chromosome movement during mitosis •During prophase, assembly of spindle microtubules begins in the centrosome, the microtubule organizing center
Description : What is a kinetochore?
Last Answer : •During prometaphase spindle microtubules appear and are kinetochores (somewhat track like) where sister chromatids travel along them to the centriole (astor, opposite pole) region. .
Description : In animal cells, the assembly of spindle microtubules starts at the centrosome. What is another name for the centrosome?
Last Answer : •During prophase, assembly of spindle microtubules begins in the centrosome, the microtubule organizing center
Description : What are the components of the mitotic spindle? What is the source of these components?
Last Answer : •The mitotic spindle is an apparatus of microtubules that controls chromosome movement during mitosis
Description : What occurs in meiosis? How is the chromosome number of daughter cells different?
Last Answer : •Gametes are produced by a variation of cell division called meiosis •Meiosis yields nonidentical daughter cells that have only one set of chromosomes, half as many as the parent cell
Description : What is mitosis?
Last Answer : •Eukaryotic cell division consists of Mitosis, the division of the nucleus.
Description : Think carefully, now. How many DNA molecules are in each of your somatic cells?
Last Answer : •In preparation for cell division, DNA is replicated and the chromosomes condense •Each duplicated chromosome has two sister chromatids, which separate during cell division, but a single DNA MOLECULE
Description : Define chromatin.
Last Answer : •Eukaryotic chromosomes consist of chromatin, a complex of DNA and protein that condenses during cell division
Description : How many chromosomes in a human gamete?
Last Answer : 23
Description : Name the two types of gametes.
Last Answer : •Sperm and eggs
Description : What is a gamete?
Last Answer : •Gametes (reproductive cells: sperm and eggs) have half as many chromosomes as somatic cells
Description : Name two types of somatic cells in your body.
Last Answer : Brain and liver
Description : How many chromosomes are in a human somatic cell?
Last Answer : •Somatic cells (nonreproductive cells) have two sets of chromosomes
Description : What is the meaning of genome?
Last Answer : •All the DNA in a cell constitutes the cell’s genome Compare your genome to that of a prokaryotic cell. •A genome can consist of a single DNA molecule (common in prokaryotic cells) or a number of DNA molecules (common in eukaryotic cells)
Description : What is meant by the cell cycle?
Last Answer : •The continuity of life is based on the reproduction of cells, or cell division
Description : One of the following enzymes does not change glycogen synthase a to b. (A) Glycogen synthase kinases 3, 4, 5 (B) Ca2+ calmodulin phosphorylase kinase (C) Ca2+ calmodulin dependent protein kinase (D) Glycogen phosphorylase a
Last Answer : D
Description : What a period called when there business activity slows down prices and wages falls and unemployment rises?
Last Answer : That is a recession.
Description : In order to function, CDKs must interact with members of a separate family of proteins named the cyclins. Do individual cyclins remain associated with the same CDKs throughout the entire cell cycle?
Last Answer : No. Separate cyclins interact with specific CDKs only during defined periods of the cell cycle.
Description : Which metal is required for the action of Kinases?
Last Answer : Magnesium.
Description : List several general cellular processes regulated by receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs).
Last Answer : Cell growth, cell differentiation and cell survival (i.e. nutrient and stress signaling).
Description : The lift of a balloon is (A) Increased, as it rises to a higher altitude (B) Due to the weight of the atmospheric air, that it displaces (C) Not dependent on the temperature of the atmosphere (D) None of these
Last Answer : (B) Due to the weight of the atmospheric air, that it displaces
Description : What falls and rises but never moves? -Riddles
Last Answer : A stockmarket.
Description : Which statement regarding air temperature is NOT trueCool air rises and warm air falls.Air heats up more quickly than land.Warm air is less dense than cool air.Air heats up more quickly than water?
Last Answer : Cool air rises and warm air falls is false. Cool air is denser than warm air, and therefore warm air will rise above cold air.
Description : When a cube of ice floating on water in a beaker melts, the level of water in the beaker (a) rises (b) falls (c) remains the same (d) first rises and then falls
Last Answer : Ans:(c)
Description : When price of a substitute of commodity falls, the demand for - (1) falls (2) remains unchanged (3) increases at increasing rate (4) rises
Last Answer : (1) falls Explanation: Cross Price Effect refers to effect on the demand for a given commodity due to a change in the price of a substitute commodity. A change (increase or decrease) in the ... the given commodity (tea) also decreases. It shifts the demand curve of the given commodity towards left.
Description : Over short period, when income rises, average propensity to consume usually - (1) rises (2) falls (3) remains constant (4) fluctuates
Last Answer : (2) falls Explanation: Keynes postulated that aggregate consumption is a function of aggregate current disposable income. The Keynesian consumption function is written as: C = a + eY a > 0, 0 < c < 1; ... the disposal in-come. So as income increases, average propensity to consume (APC = C/Y) falls.
Description : 'Law of demand' implies that when there is excess demand for a commodity, then (1) price of the commodity falls (2) price of the commodity remains same (3) price of the commodity rises (4) quantity demanded of the commodity falls
Last Answer : (3) price of the commodity rises Explanation: The Law of demand states that the quantity demanded and the price of a commodity are inversely related, other things remaining constant. That is, if ... of the commodity the price starts rising and it continues to rise till equilibrium price is reached.
Description : For an inferior good, demand falls when - (1) price rises (2) income rise (3) price falls (4) income falls
Last Answer : (2) income rise Explanation: In economics, income elasticity of demand measures the responsiveness of the demand for a good to a change in the income of the people demanding the good. ... opposite is observed. Normal goods are those for which consumers' demand increases when their income increases.
Description : Which of the following occurs when labour productivity rises? (1) The equilibrium nominal wage falls. (2) The equilibrium quantity of labour falls. (3) Competitive firms will be induced to use more capital (4) The labour demand curve shifts to the right
Last Answer : (4) The labour demand curve shifts to the right Explanation: As labour productivity increases, the production function shifts up and simultaneously the labor demand curve shifts out and right. At ... , the production function shifts up and simultaneously the labor demand curve shifts out and right.
Description : The internal rate of return - (1) must be less than the interest rate if the firm is to in-vest. (2) makes the present value of profits equal to the present value of costs. (3) falls as the annual yield of an investment rises. (4) is equal to the market interest rate for all the firm's in-vestment.
Last Answer : (3) falls as the annual yield of an investment rises. Explanation: The internal rate of return on an investment or project is the "annualized effective compounded re-turn rate" or discount rate ... the investment equals the net present value of the benefits (positive cash flows) of the investment.
Description : If the price of an inferior good falls, its demand - (1) rises (2) falls (3) remains constant (4) can be any of the above
Last Answer : (1) rises Explanation: Some goods are known as inferior goods. With inferior goods, there is an inverse relationship between real income and the demand for the good in question. If real incomes rise, the ... than rely on the more inferior bus, so the demand for bus travel falls as real incomes rise.
Description : An ice block with a piece of lead embedded in it floats in water. If ice melts the water level – (1) Rises (2) Falls (3) Remains same (4) Falls first and them rises
Last Answer : (2) Falls
Description : A storm is predicted if atmospheric pressure – (1) Rises suddenly (2) Rises gradually (3) Falls suddenly (4) Falls gradually
Last Answer : (3) Falls suddenly Explanation: Atmospheric pressure is basically the weight of air in the atmosphere above the reservoir, so the level of mercury continues to change until the weight of mercury in the ... reduces the weight of air above the reservoir so the mercury level drops to a lower level.
Description : When the __________ the relative humidity of air decreases, despite an increase in the absolute humidity. (A) Temperature rises (B) Pressure rises (C) Temperature falls (D) Pressure falls
Last Answer : (A) Temperature rises
Description : The relative humidity of air decreases in-spite of an increase in the absolute humidity, when the (A) Temperature rises (B) Pressure rises (C) Temperature falls (D) Pressure falls
Description : An index showing the rises and falls of prices of manufactured goods as they leave the factory is called 1. Sales Index 2. Wholesale Price Index 3. Individual Price Index 4. International Price Index 5. None of these
Last Answer : Wholesale Price Index
Description : The law of demand states that: a. as the quantity demanded rises, the price rises b. as the price rises, the quantity demanded rises c. as the price rises, the quantity demanded falls d. as supply rises, the demand rises
Last Answer : c. as the price rises, the quantity demanded falls
Description : The law of diminishing (marginal) returns states that as more of a variable factor is added to a certain amount of a fixed factor, beyond some point: a. Total physical product begins ... The marginal physical product rises c. The marginal physical product falls d. The average physical product falls
Last Answer : c. The marginal physical product falls
Description : If total revenue rises when price falls, the demand curve is (a) Elastic (b) Unitary elastic (c) Inelastic (d) None of the above
Last Answer : (a) Elastic
Description : Pick up the incorrect statement from the following: (A) Free surface ground water is subjected to atmospheric pressure (B) Water table surface rises and falls with seasons (C) ... directly proportional to the rate of drawl of water (D) Level of water table remains stationary
Last Answer : (D) Level of water table remains stationary
Description : The total change in level along the line is equal to total back sights (A) Minus total fore sights (B) The total rises minus total falls (C) The reduced level of last point minus reduced level of the first point (D) All the above
Last Answer : (D) All the above
Description : When a vessel containing a liquid is heated, the level of liquid initially falls and then rises up. Why does it happen so? OR Describe the irregular expansion of liquid.
Last Answer : On heating the liquid water from 0 degree C to 4 degree C, it contracts so the level of liquid initially falls. But after 4 degree C it expands so liquid rises up.