All of the following statements about uric acid are true except (A) It can be formed from allantoin (B) Formation of uric acid stones in kidneys can be decreased by alkalinisation of urine (C) Uric acid begins to dissociate at pH above 5.8 (D) It is present in plasma mainly as monosodium urate

All of the following statements about uric acid are true except (A) It can be formed from allantoin (B) Formation of uric acid stones in kidneys can be decreased by alkalinisation of urine (C) Uric acid begins to dissociate at pH above 5.8 (D) It is present in plasma mainly as monosodium urate
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All of the following statements about uric acid are true except (A) It is a catabolite of purines (B) It is excreted by the kidneys (C) It is undissociated at pH above 5.8 (D) It is less soluble than sodium urate

Description : All of the following statements about uric acid are true except (A) It is a catabolite of purines (B) It is excreted by the kidneys (C) It is undissociated at pH above 5.8 (D) It is less soluble than sodium urate

Last Answer : Answer : C

All of the following statements about primary gout are true except (A) Uric acid stones may be formed in kidneys (B) Arthritis of small joints occurs commonly (C) Urinary excretion of uric acid is decreased (D) It occurs predominantly in males

Description : All of the following statements about primary gout are true except (A) Uric acid stones may be formed in kidneys (B) Arthritis of small joints occurs commonly (C) Urinary excretion of uric acid is decreased (D) It occurs predominantly in males

Last Answer : Answer : C

All of the following statements about allopurinol are true except (A) It is a structural analogue of uric acid (B) It can prevent uric acid stones in the kidneys (C) It increases the urinary excretion of xanthine and hypoxanthine (D) It is a competitive inhibitor of xanthine oxidase

Description : All of the following statements about allopurinol are true except (A) It is a structural analogue of uric acid (B) It can prevent uric acid stones in the kidneys (C) It increases the urinary excretion of xanthine and hypoxanthine (D) It is a competitive inhibitor of xanthine oxidase

Last Answer : Answer : A

In the genetic disorder of cystinuria, the patient excretes large quantities of cystine in their urine and its low solubility causes crystalline cystine to precipitate as stones in kidneys. The remedy involves ingesting Na HCO3. Reaction of this treatment is (A) NaHCO2 combines with cystine (B) NaHCO3 raises the pH above the isoelectric point of cystine (C) NaHCO3 prevents stone formation by hydrolysis of cystine to cysteine (D) None of these

Description : In the genetic disorder of cystinuria, the patient excretes large quantities of cystine in their urine and its low solubility causes crystalline cystine to precipitate as stones in kidneys. The remedy ... C) NaHCO3 prevents stone formation by hydrolysis of cystine to cysteine (D) None of these

Last Answer : Answer : C

Allopurinol is indicated in the following category of chronic gout patients: A. Over producers of uric acid B. Under excretors of uric acid C. Those with tophi and/or renal urate stones D. All of the above

Description : Allopurinol is indicated in the following category of chronic gout patients: A. Over producers of uric acid B. Under excretors of uric acid C. Those with tophi and/or renal urate stones D. All of the above

Last Answer : D. All of the above

In most mammals, except primates, uric acid is metabolized by (A) Oxidation to allantoin (B) Reduction to NH3 (C) Hydrolysis to allantoin (D) Hydrolysis to NH3

Description : In most mammals, except primates, uric acid is metabolized by (A) Oxidation to allantoin (B) Reduction to NH3 (C) Hydrolysis to allantoin (D) Hydrolysis to NH3

Last Answer : Answer : A

All the following statements regarding ketone bodies are true except (A) They may result from starvation (B) They are formed in kidneys (C) They include acetoacetic acid and acetone (D) They may be excreted in urine

Description : All the following statements regarding ketone bodies are true except (A) They may result from starvation (B) They are formed in kidneys (C) They include acetoacetic acid and acetone (D) They may be excreted in urine

Last Answer : Answer : B

When NH3 is perfused through a dog’s liver ______ is formed, while ______ is formed in the birds liver. (A) Urea, Uric acid (B) Urea, allantoin (C) Uric acid, creatinine (D) Uric acid, Urea

Description : When NH3 is perfused through a dog’s liver ______ is formed, while ______ is formed in the birds liver. (A) Urea, Uric acid (B) Urea, allantoin (C) Uric acid, creatinine (D) Uric acid, Urea

Last Answer : Answer : A

In humans, the principal metabolic product of pyrimidines is (A) Uric acid (B) Allantoin (C) Hypoxanthine (D) β-alanine

Description : In humans, the principal metabolic product of pyrimidines is (A) Uric acid (B) Allantoin (C) Hypoxanthine (D) β-alanine

Last Answer : Answer : D

In mammals other than higher primates uric acid is converted by (A) Oxidation to allantoin (B) Reduction to ammonia (C) Hydrolysis to ammonia (D) Hydrolysis to allantoin

Description : In mammals other than higher primates uric acid is converted by (A) Oxidation to allantoin (B) Reduction to ammonia (C) Hydrolysis to ammonia (D) Hydrolysis to allantoin

Last Answer : Answer : A

In humans end product of purine catabolism is (A) Uric acid (B) Urea (C) Allantoin (D) Xanthine

Description : In humans end product of purine catabolism is (A) Uric acid (B) Urea (C) Allantoin (D) Xanthine

Last Answer : Answer : A

The probable metabolic defect in gents is (A) A defect in excretion of uric acid by kidney (B) An overproduction of pyrimidines (C) An overproduction of uric acid (D) Rise in calcium leading to deposition of calcium urate

Description : The probable metabolic defect in gents is (A) A defect in excretion of uric acid by kidney (B) An overproduction of pyrimidines (C) An overproduction of uric acid (D) Rise in calcium leading to deposition of calcium urate

Last Answer : Answer : C

Mechanism by which NH3 is removed from the kidneys is (A) Urea formation (B) Uric acid formation (C) Creatinine formation (D) None of these

Description : Mechanism by which NH3 is removed from the kidneys is (A) Urea formation (B) Uric acid formation (C) Creatinine formation (D) None of these

Last Answer : Answer : D

All of the following can occur in LeschNyhan syndrome except (A) Gouty arthritis (B) Uric acid stones (C) Retarted growth (D) Self-mutiliating behaviour

Description : All of the following can occur in LeschNyhan syndrome except (A) Gouty arthritis (B) Uric acid stones (C) Retarted growth (D) Self-mutiliating behaviour

Last Answer : Answer : C

Uric acid on oxidation with alkaline KMnO4 forms : (a) Urea (b) Barbituric acid (c) Allantoin (d) Caffeine

Description : Uric acid on oxidation with alkaline KMnO4 forms : (a) Urea (b) Barbituric acid (c) Allantoin (d) Caffeine

Last Answer : Allantoin

NH3 is removed from brain mainly by (A) Creatinine formation (B) Uric acid production (C) Urea formation (D) Glutamine formation

Description : NH3 is removed from brain mainly by (A) Creatinine formation (B) Uric acid production (C) Urea formation (D) Glutamine formation

Last Answer : Answer : D

All the following statements about renal tubular acidosis are correct except (A) Renal tubules may be unable to reabsorb bicarbonate (B) Renal tubules may be unable to secrete hydrogen ions (C) Plasma chloride is elevated (D) Anion gap is decreased

Description : All the following statements about renal tubular acidosis are correct except (A) Renal tubules may be unable to reabsorb bicarbonate (B) Renal tubules may be unable to secrete hydrogen ions (C) Plasma chloride is elevated (D) Anion gap is decreased

Last Answer : Answer : D

All the following statements about ceruloplasmin are correct except (A) It is a copper-containing protein (B) It possesses oxidase activity (C) It is synthesised in intestinal mucosa (D) Its plasma level is decreased inWilson’s disease

Description : All the following statements about ceruloplasmin are correct except (A) It is a copper-containing protein (B) It possesses oxidase activity (C) It is synthesised in intestinal mucosa (D) Its plasma level is decreased inWilson’s disease

Last Answer : Answer : C

All of the following occur in orotic aciduria except (A) Increased synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides (B) Increased excretion of orotic acid in urine (C) Decreased synthesis of cytidine triphosphate (D) Retardation of growth

Description : All of the following occur in orotic aciduria except (A) Increased synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides (B) Increased excretion of orotic acid in urine (C) Decreased synthesis of cytidine triphosphate (D) Retardation of growth

Last Answer : Answer : A

Complete absence of hypoxanthine guanine phospharibosyl transferase causes (A) Primary gout (B) Immunodeficiency (C) Uric acid stones (D) Lesh-Nyhan syndrome

Description : Complete absence of hypoxanthine guanine phospharibosyl transferase causes (A) Primary gout (B) Immunodeficiency (C) Uric acid stones (D) Lesh-Nyhan syndrome

Last Answer : Answer : D

Which of the following terms is used to describe stone formation in a salivary gland, usually the submandibular gland? a) Sialolithiasis Salivary stones are formed mainly from calcium phosphate. b) Parotitis Parotitis refers to inflammation of the parotid gland. c) Sialadenitis Sialadenitis refers to inflammation of the salivary glands. d) Stomatitis Stomatitis refers to inflammation of the oral mucosa.

Description : Which of the following terms is used to describe stone formation in a salivary gland, usually the submandibular gland? a) Sialolithiasis Salivary stones are formed mainly from calcium phosphate. b ... of the salivary glands. d) Stomatitis Stomatitis refers to inflammation of the oral mucosa.

Last Answer : a) Sialolithiasis Salivary stones are formed mainly from calcium phosphate.

Each of the following may contribute to formation of oedema EXCEPT C A. decreased plasma oncotic pressure increased intravascular hydrostatic pressure C. increased serum albumin D. decreased serum proteins

Description : Each of the following may contribute to formation of oedema EXCEPT C A. decreased plasma oncotic pressure increased intravascular hydrostatic pressure C. increased serum albumin D. decreased serum proteins

Last Answer : increased serum albumi

All the following statements about obstructive jaundice are true except (A) Conjugated bilirubin in serum is normal (B) Total bilirubin in serum is raised (C) Bile salts are present in urine (D) Serum alkaline phosphatase is raised

Description : All the following statements about obstructive jaundice are true except (A) Conjugated bilirubin in serum is normal (B) Total bilirubin in serum is raised (C) Bile salts are present in urine (D) Serum alkaline phosphatase is raised

Last Answer : Answer : A

A 73 year old male presented with an acute attack of gout in his left knee. What is the most likely underlying metabolic cause? 1) decreased renal excretion of uric acid 2) endogenous overproduction of uric acid 3) excessive dietary purine intake 4) lactic acidosis 5) starvation

Description : A 73 year old male presented with an acute attack of gout in his left knee. What is the most likely underlying metabolic cause? 1) decreased renal excretion of uric acid 2) endogenous overproduction of uric acid 3) excessive dietary purine intake 4) lactic acidosis 5) starvation

Last Answer : Answers-1 The aetiology of gout can broadly be divided into cases where there is underexcretion of urate via the kidney (90%) or endogenous overproduction of uric acid (10%) although in practical ... diuretic use. Excessive dietary intake of purines is unlikely to be the main cause in this case.

Ribozymes are (A) Enzymes present in ribosomes (B) Enzymes which combine the ribosomal subunits (C) Enzymes which dissociate (D) Enzymes made up of RNA

Description : Ribozymes are (A) Enzymes present in ribosomes (B) Enzymes which combine the ribosomal subunits (C) Enzymes which dissociate (D) Enzymes made up of RNA

Last Answer : Answer : D

In inherited deficiency of hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (A) De novo synthesis of purine nucleotides is decreased (B) Salvage of purines is decreased (C) Salvage of purines is increased (D) Synthesis of uric acid is decreased

Description : In inherited deficiency of hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (A) De novo synthesis of purine nucleotides is decreased (B) Salvage of purines is decreased (C) Salvage of purines is increased (D) Synthesis of uric acid is decreased

Last Answer : Answer : B

Stones or insoluble mass of crystallised salts formed withini te kidneys is called

Description : Stones or insoluble mass of crystallised salts formed withini te kidneys is called

Last Answer : Stones or insoluble mass of crystallised salts formed withini te kidneys is called

Stones or insoluble mass of crystallised salts formed withini te kidneys is called

Description : Stones or insoluble mass of crystallised salts formed withini te kidneys is called

Last Answer : Stones or insoluble mass of crystallised salts formed withini te kidneys is called

Benedict’s test is less likely to give weakly positive results with concentrated urine due to the action of (A) Urea (B) Uric acid (C) Ammonium salts (D) Phosphates

Description : Benedict’s test is less likely to give weakly positive results with concentrated urine due to the action of (A) Urea (B) Uric acid (C) Ammonium salts (D) Phosphates

Last Answer : B

During compensation of respiratory alkalosis, all the following changes occur except (A) Decreased secretion of hydrogen ions by renal tubules (B) Increased excretion of sodium in urine (C) Increased excretion of bicarbonate in urine (D) Increased excretion of ammonia in urine

Description : During compensation of respiratory alkalosis, all the following changes occur except (A) Decreased secretion of hydrogen ions by renal tubules (B) Increased excretion of sodium in urine (C) Increased excretion of bicarbonate in urine (D) Increased excretion of ammonia in urine

Last Answer : Answer : D

The body cells in cockroach discharge their nitrogenous waste in the haemolymph mainly in the form of (a) urea (b) calcium carbonate (c) ammonia (d) potassium urate.

Description : The body cells in cockroach discharge their nitrogenous waste in the haemolymph mainly in the form of (a) urea (b) calcium carbonate (c) ammonia (d) potassium urate.

Last Answer : (d) potassium urate.

All are true about lesch-nyhan syndrome except (A) Produces self-mutilation (B) Genetic deficiency of the enzyme (C) Elevated levels of uric acid in blood (D) Inheritance is autosomal recessive

Description : All are true about lesch-nyhan syndrome except (A) Produces self-mutilation (B) Genetic deficiency of the enzyme (C) Elevated levels of uric acid in blood (D) Inheritance is autosomal recessive

Last Answer : Answer : B

Gout is characterized by increased plasma levels of (A) Urea (B) Uric acid (C) Creatine (D) Creatinine

Description : Gout is characterized by increased plasma levels of (A) Urea (B) Uric acid (C) Creatine (D) Creatinine

Last Answer : Answer : B

Select the option which shows correct matching of animal with its excretory organ and excretory product. Animal Excretory Excretory organ product (a) Labeo (Rohu) Nephridial Ammonia tubes (b) Salamander Kidneys Urea (c) Peacock Kidneys Urea (d) Housefly Renal tubules Uric acid

Description : Select the option which shows correct matching of animal with its excretory organ and excretory product. Animal Excretory Excretory organ product (a) Labeo (Rohu) Nephridial Ammonia tubes (b) Salamander Kidneys Urea (c) Peacock Kidneys Urea (d) Housefly Renal tubules Uric acid

Last Answer : (b) Salamander Kidneys Urea

All the following statements about pepsin are correct except (A) It is smaller than pepsinogen (B) It is formed by the action of HCl on its precursor (C) Its optimum pH is 1.0–2.0 (D) It hydrolyses the C-terminal and N-terminal peptide bonds of proteins

Description : All the following statements about pepsin are correct except (A) It is smaller than pepsinogen (B) It is formed by the action of HCl on its precursor (C) Its optimum pH is 1.0–2.0 (D) It hydrolyses the C-terminal and N-terminal peptide bonds of proteins

Last Answer : Answer : D

All the following changes in blood chemistry can occur in severe diarrhoea except (A) Decreased pH (B) Decreased bicarbonate (C) Increased pCO2 (D) Increased chloride WATER AND ELECTROLYTE BALANCE 287

Description : All the following changes in blood chemistry can occur in severe diarrhoea except (A) Decreased pH (B) Decreased bicarbonate (C) Increased pCO2 (D) Increased chloride WATER AND ELECTROLYTE BALANCE 287

Last Answer : Answer : C

All the following features are found in blood chemistry in uncompensated lactic acidosis except (A) pH is decreased (B) Bicarbonate is decreased (C) pCO2 is normal (D) Anion gap is normal

Description : All the following features are found in blood chemistry in uncompensated lactic acidosis except (A) pH is decreased (B) Bicarbonate is decreased (C) pCO2 is normal (D) Anion gap is normal

Last Answer : Answer : D

The following metabolic abnormalities occur in Diabetes mellitus except (A) Increased plasma FFA (B) Increased pyruvate carboxylase activate (C) Decreased lipogenesis (D) Decreased gluconeogenesis

Description : The following metabolic abnormalities occur in Diabetes mellitus except (A) Increased plasma FFA (B) Increased pyruvate carboxylase activate (C) Decreased lipogenesis (D) Decreased gluconeogenesis

Last Answer : B

Which of the following factors is responsible for the formation of concentrated urine? (a) Hydrostatic pressure during glomerular filtration. (b) Low levels of antidiuretic hormone. (c) Maintaining hyperosmolarity towards the medullary interstitium in the kidneys. (d) Secretion of erythropoietin by Juxtaglomerular complex.

Description : Which of the following factors is responsible for the formation of concentrated urine? (a) Hydrostatic pressure during glomerular filtration. (b) Low levels of antidiuretic hormone. (c) ... the medullary interstitium in the kidneys. (d) Secretion of erythropoietin by Juxtaglomerular complex.

Last Answer : (c) Maintaining hyperosmolarity towards the medullary interstitium in the kidneys.

Assertion `:-` Human kidneys can produce urine nearly four times concentrated than the initial filtrate formed. Reason `:-` Counter current mechanism

Description : Assertion `:-` Human kidneys can produce urine nearly four times concentrated than the initial filtrate formed. Reason `:-` Counter current mechanism

Last Answer : Assertion `:-` Human kidneys can produce urine nearly four times concentrated than the initial filtrate ... D. If both Assertion & Reason are false.

Non-protein nitrogenous substances in blood include all of the following except (A) Urea (B) Uric acid (C) Creatinine (D) Inositol

Description : Non-protein nitrogenous substances in blood include all of the following except (A) Urea (B) Uric acid (C) Creatinine (D) Inositol

Last Answer : Answer : C

Select the correct statement with respect to locomotion in humans. (a) The vertebral column has 10 thoracic vertebrae. (b) The joint between adjacent vertebrae is a fibrous joint. (c) A decreased level of progesterone causes osteoporosis in old people. (d) Accumulation of uric acid crystals in joints causes their inflammation

Description : Select the correct statement with respect to locomotion in humans. (a) The vertebral column has 10 thoracic vertebrae. (b) The joint between adjacent vertebrae is a fibrous joint. (c) A ... osteoporosis in old people. (d) Accumulation of uric acid crystals in joints causes their inflammation

Last Answer : (d) Accumulation of uric acid crystals in joints causes their inflammation.

Osteoporosis, an age-related disease of skeletal system, may occur due to (a) immune disorder affecting neuromuscular junction leading to fatigue (b) high concentration of Ca++ and Na+ (c) decreased level of estrogen (d) accumulation of uric acid leading to inflammation of joints.

Description : Osteoporosis, an age-related disease of skeletal system, may occur due to (a) immune disorder affecting neuromuscular junction leading to fatigue (b) high concentration of Ca++ and Na+ (c) decreased level of estrogen (d) accumulation of uric acid leading to inflammation of joints.

Last Answer : (c) decreased level of estrogen

All statements regarding 3-OH-3 methyl glutaryl CoA are true except (A) It is formed in the cytoplasm (B) Required in ketogenesis (C) Involved in synthesis of Fatty acid (D) An intermediate in cholesterol biosynthesis

Description : All statements regarding 3-OH-3 methyl glutaryl CoA are true except (A) It is formed in the cytoplasm (B) Required in ketogenesis (C) Involved in synthesis of Fatty acid (D) An intermediate in cholesterol biosynthesis

Last Answer : Answer : B

Upon the entry of carbon dioxide in the red blood cells, H+ionsare formed at a very rapid rate, and yet the blood does not turn acid because (a) H+ ions are rapidly exchanged at the expense of HCO3-ions (b) H+ ions are rapidly removed and excreted in the urine (c) H+ ions are buffered by proteins of haemoglobin and plasma (d) H+ ions are buffered by proteins of haemoglobin and proteins and phosphates of plasma

Description : Upon the entry of carbon dioxide in the red blood cells, H+ionsare formed at a very rapid rate, and yet the blood does not turn acid because (a) H+ ions are rapidly exchanged at the ... haemoglobin and plasma (d) H+ ions are buffered by proteins of haemoglobin and proteins and phosphates of plasma

Last Answer : Ans:(c)

All the following statements about hormones are true except (A) All of them require specific carriers in plasma (B) All of them require specific receptors in target cells (C) Some of them are subject to feedback regulation (D) Some of them increase the transcription of certain genes

Description : All the following statements about hormones are true except (A) All of them require specific carriers in plasma (B) All of them require specific receptors in target cells (C) Some of them are subject to feedback regulation (D) Some of them increase the transcription of certain genes

Last Answer : Answer : A

All of the following statements about Tangier disease are true except (A) It is a disorder of HDL metabolism (B) Its inheritance is autosomal recessive (C) Apoproteins A-I and A-II are not synthesised (D) Plasma HDL is increased

Description : All of the following statements about Tangier disease are true except (A) It is a disorder of HDL metabolism (B) Its inheritance is autosomal recessive (C) Apoproteins A-I and A-II are not synthesised (D) Plasma HDL is increased

Last Answer : Answer : D

True statements about the aqueous humour: a. has a higher lactic acid concentration than in the plasma b. the glucose levels is lower than that of the plasma levels c. the ascorbic acid concentration is twice that of the plasma d. it contains the same concentration of protein as in the plasma e. the rate of formation is about 2.5ul/minute

Description : True statements about the aqueous humour: a. has a higher lactic acid concentration than in the plasma b. the glucose levels is lower than that of the plasma levels c. the ascorbic acid ... same concentration of protein as in the plasma e. the rate of formation is about 2.5ul/minute

Last Answer : has a higher lactic acid concentration than in the plasma

Uric acid - urine?

Description : Uric acid - urine?

Last Answer : DefinitionUric acid is a chemical created when the body breaks down substances called purines. Purines are found in some foods and drinks, such as liver, anchovies, mackerel, dried beans and peas, beer, ... prepare for the testYour doctor may tell you to stop taking any drugs that may affect the t