A 73 year old male presented with an acute attack of gout in his left knee. What is the most likely underlying metabolic cause? 1) decreased renal excretion of uric acid 2) endogenous overproduction of uric acid 3) excessive dietary purine intake 4) lactic acidosis 5) starvation

A 73 year old male presented with an acute attack of gout in his left knee. What is the most likely underlying metabolic cause? 1) decreased renal excretion of uric acid 2) endogenous overproduction of uric acid 3) excessive dietary purine intake 4) lactic acidosis 5) starvation
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Answers-1 The aetiology of gout can broadly be divided into cases where there is underexcretion of urate via the kidney (90%) or endogenous overproduction of uric acid (10%) although in practical terms the distinction is rarely made as it allopurinol is the mainstay of long-term treatment (not during the acute attack!) in both groups. In a 73 year old man it is almost certainly reduced renal excretion due to deteriorating renal function and possibly diuretic use. Excessive dietary intake of purines is unlikely to be the main cause in this case.
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metabolic acidosis b. hyperkalaemia c. hypernatraemia d. renal calculi e. hypercalcaemia

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Metabolic alkalosis can occur in (A) Severe diarrhoea (B) Renal failure (C) Recurrent vomiting (D) Excessive use of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

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During compensation of respiratory alkalosis, all the following changes occur except (A) Decreased secretion of hydrogen ions by renal tubules (B) Increased excretion of sodium in urine (C) Increased excretion of bicarbonate in urine (D) Increased excretion of ammonia in urine

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Last Answer : Answer : D

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Last Answer : Answer : C

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Uric acid is the end product of purine as well as protein catabolism in (A) Man (B) Fish (C) Birds (D) None of these

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Last Answer : Answer : C

The end product of purine catabolism in man is (A) Inosine (B) Hypoxanthine (C) Xanthine (D) Uric acid

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Last Answer : Answer : D

In humans purine are catabolised to uric acid due to lack of the enzyme: (A) Urease (B) Uricase (C) Xanthine oxidase (D) Guanase

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In humans end product of purine catabolism is (A) Uric acid (B) Urea (C) Allantoin (D) Xanthine

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Which of the following concerning the pH of urine is correct? 1) is a useful indicator of the acid/base balance of the blood 2) rises on a vegetarian diet 3) is determined by the concentration of ammonium 4) is lower than 5.5 in renal tubular acidosis 5) would be above 7.0 after prolonged and severe vomiting

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Last Answer : Answer : B

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Last Answer : Answer : D

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Metformin is preferred over phenformin because: A. It is more potent B. It is less liable to cause lactic acidosis C. It does not interfere with vitamin B12 absorption D. It is not contraindicated in patients with kidney disease

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Last Answer : B. It is less liable to cause lactic acidosis

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Last Answer : Ans: D

Respiratory acidosis occurs in (A) Any disease which impairs respiration like emphysema (B) Renal disease (C) Poisoning by an acid (D) Pyloric stenosis

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Last Answer : Answer : A

After being counseled about lifestyle and dietary changes, the patient was started on atorvastatin. During his treatment with atorvastatin, it is important to routinely monitor serum concentrations of (a) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) (b) Alanine and aspartate aminotransferase (c) Platelets (d) Red blood cells (e) Uric acid

Description : After being counseled about lifestyle and dietary changes, the patient was started on atorvastatin. During his treatment with atorvastatin, it is important to routinely monitor serum concentrations of (a) ... Alanine and aspartate aminotransferase (c) Platelets (d) Red blood cells (e) Uric acid

Last Answer : Ans: D