Question

State two advantages of P.F. tariff and TOD tariff for the power system concern

Answer 1

Advantages of P.F. tariff for the power system concern:- 

Advantages:- 1) Industrial consumers were trying to run their industry above 0.95lagging power factor (At High P.F.) To get discount in energy bill, so overall P.F. of power system increases. 2) As each industry run at high power factor then overall power factor of power system increases. Due to this 3) Which will automatically beneficial from the economics of power system 

Because at high power factor :- 

Generation has following advantages: a) Low KVA rating of equipment (alternator) is required. b) Handling capacity of equipment (alternator) increases. c) Cost per unit decreases. 

Transmission has following advantages: a) Low KVA rating of equipment (Transformer) is required. b) Handling capacity of equipment (Transformer) increases. c) Cost of conductor decreases. d) Cost of supporting structure decreases. e) Copper losses increases f) Transmission efficiency increases. g) Voltage drop in transmission line decreases. h) Regulation gets improved

Advantages of TOD tariff for the power system concern:- 

Advantages: 1. Major industrial consumers are trying to run their maximum load during OFF load period, to get rebate in their energy bill. 2. Major industrial consumers are trying to run their industry at reduced load during PEAK load period to avoid additional charges charged in energy bill. 3. Due to above two reasons, it increases overall load factor as well as diversity factor of power system. 4. As load factor and diversity factor of power system increases so overall cost per unit reduces. 5. Also due to this there will be maximum utilization of power plant & infrastructure. So, TOD tariff helps to avoid the wastage of surplus energy generated during OFF load period. In this way it helps to conserve energy. 

Answer 2

time of day tariff:_ In time of day tariff structure incentives for power draw during peak off hours & extra charges for power draw during peak hours are built in.

advantages:-

1. TOD tariff encourage user to draw more power during off peak hours, opportunity for the user to reduce their billing, as off peak hour tariff is quite low in comparison to peak hour tariff.

2.This also helps the power system to minimize higher line losses & peak load incident & utilities charges by reduced demand.

power factor tariff:- The tariff in which the power factor of the consumers load is taken into account is known as power factor tariff.

advantages:- 

1. kva rating of equipment reduces

2.due to high p.f less electricity bill.