All the following statements about haptens are true except (A) They have high molecular weights (B) They cannot elicit an immune response by themselves (C) When combined with some other large molecule, they can elicit an immune response (D) Once an immune response develops, the free hapten can be recognized by the antibody

All the following statements about haptens are true except (A) They have high molecular weights (B) They cannot elicit an immune response by themselves (C) When combined with some other large molecule, they can elicit an immune response (D) Once an immune response develops, the free hapten can be recognized by the antibody
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Answer : A
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Antigens and haptens have the following similarity: (A) They have high molecular weights (B) They can elicit immune response by themselves (C) They can elicit an immune response only in association with some other large molecule (D) Once an immune response develops, free antigen and free hapten can be recognized by the antibody

Description : Antigens and haptens have the following similarity: (A) They have high molecular weights (B) They can elicit immune response by themselves (C) They can elicit an immune response only in association ... ) Once an immune response develops, free antigen and free hapten can be recognized by the antibody

Last Answer : Answer : D

The portion of the antigen molecule which is recognized by antibody is known as (A) Hapten (B) Epitope (C) Complement (D) Variable region

Description : The portion of the antigen molecule which is recognized by antibody is known as (A) Hapten (B) Epitope (C) Complement (D) Variable region

Last Answer : Answer : B

Passive artificial immunity occurs in the body when a/an _____ is injected into the body or when a developing fetus receives antibodies across the placenta. a. antibody-rich serum b. antigens c. haptens d. adjuvant

Description : Passive artificial immunity occurs in the body when a/an _____ is injected into the body or when a developing fetus receives antibodies across the placenta. a. antibody-rich serum b. antigens c. haptens d. adjuvant

Last Answer : a. antibody-rich serum

Choose the correct statement about topical NSAID preparations: A. They produce high drug levels in the blood by avoiding hepatic first pass metabolism B. They produce high drug levels in the subjacent muscle and joint tissues upto a depth/distance of 10 cm from the site of application C. They elicit symptomatic relief in soft tissue rheumatism mainly by a strong placebo effect D. Interindividual variability in clinical response to these preparations is minimal

Description : Choose the correct statement about topical NSAID preparations: A. They produce high drug levels in the blood by avoiding hepatic first pass metabolism B. They produce high drug levels in ... a strong placebo effect D. Interindividual variability in clinical response to these preparations is minimal

Last Answer : C. They elicit symptomatic relief in soft tissue rheumatism mainly by a strong placebo effect

Ig G: a. has a molecular weight of 150000 b. is the principal immunoglobulin in secondary immune response c. is the most common circulating immunoglobulins in the serum d. all above

Description : Ig G: a. has a molecular weight of 150000 b. is the principal immunoglobulin in secondary immune response c. is the most common circulating immunoglobulins in the serum d. all above

Last Answer : all above

Which of the following is correct regarding AIDS causative agent HIV? (a) HIV is enveloped virus containing one molecule of single-stranded RNA and one molecule of reverse transcriptase. (b) HIV is enveloped virus that contains two identical molecules of single-stranded RNA and two molecules of reverse transcriptase. (c) HIV is unenveloped retrovirus. (d) HIV does not escape but attacks the acquired immune response

Description : Which of the following is correct regarding AIDS causative agent HIV? (a) HIV is enveloped virus containing one molecule of single-stranded RNA and one molecule of reverse transcriptase. (b) HIV ... ) HIV is unenveloped retrovirus. (d) HIV does not escape but attacks the acquired immune response

Last Answer : (d) HIV does not escape but attacks the acquired immune response.

The following is true of multidrug therapy of leprosy except: A. It has been highly successful in paucibacillary but not in multibacillary cases B. Relapse rate is very low in both paucibacillary and multibacillary cases C. No resistance to rifampin develops despite its use once a month D. Prevalence of lepra reaction is not higher compared to dapsone monotherapy

Description : The following is true of multidrug therapy of leprosy except: A. It has been highly successful in paucibacillary but not in multibacillary cases B. Relapse rate is very low in both paucibacillary ... use once a month D. Prevalence of lepra reaction is not higher compared to dapsone monotherapy

Last Answer : A. It has been highly successful in paucibacillary but not in multibacillary cases

ALL the following are immunogenic except: a. Bacterial Flagella. b. Haptens. c. Bacterial Pili. d. Viral Spikes.

Description : ALL the following are immunogenic except: a. Bacterial Flagella. b. Haptens. c. Bacterial Pili. d. Viral Spikes.

Last Answer : d. Viral Spikes.

During which stage of the immune response does the circulating lymphocyte containing the antigenic message return to the nearest lymph node? a) Proliferation Once in the node, the sensitized lymphocyte stimulates some of the resident dormant T and B lymphocytes to enlarge, divide, and proliferate.

Description : During which stage of the immune response does the circulating lymphocyte containing the antigenic message return to the nearest lymph node? a) Proliferation Once in the node, the sensitized lymphocyte ... cellular response reaches and couples with the antigen on the surface of the foreign invader.

Last Answer : a) Proliferation Once in the node, the sensitized lymphocyte stimulates some of the resident dormant T and B lymphocytes to enlarge, divide, and proliferate.

All the following statements about tRNA are correct except (A) A given tRNA can be charged with only one particular amino acid (B) The amino acid is recognized by the anticodon of tRNA (C) The amino acid is attached to end of tRNA (D) The anticodon of tRNA finds the complementary codon on mRNA

Description : All the following statements about tRNA are correct except (A) A given tRNA can be charged with only one particular amino acid (B) The amino acid is recognized by the anticodon of tRNA (C) The amino acid is attached to end of tRNA (D) The anticodon of tRNA finds the complementary codon on mRNA

Last Answer : Answer : B

All the following statement about hydroxyproline are true except (A) There is no codon for hydroxyproline (B) It is present in large amounts in collagen (C) Free proline cannot be hydroxylated to hydroxyproline (D) Hydroxylation of proline residues is catalysed by a dioxygenase

Description : All the following statement about hydroxyproline are true except (A) There is no codon for hydroxyproline (B) It is present in large amounts in collagen (C) Free proline cannot be hydroxylated to hydroxyproline (D) Hydroxylation of proline residues is catalysed by a dioxygenase

Last Answer : Answer : D

A stress which develops within an object when it attempts to expand or contract in response to a temperature changes, but cannot, due to being held rigidly in place.  a. elongation  b. thermal stress  c. expansion contraction  d. thermal expansion

Description : A stress which develops within an object when it attempts to expand or contract in response to a temperature changes, but cannot, due to being held rigidly in place.  a. elongation  b. thermal stress  c. expansion contraction  d. thermal expansion

Last Answer : thermal stress

: DiGeorge syndrome and X-linked (Bruton) agammaglobulinemia differ in the a. Type of antibody produced by the immune system. b. Lymphocytes that the body fails to produce. c. Systems affected by the respective diseases. d. Type of hypersensitivity that ensues

Description : : DiGeorge syndrome and X-linked (Bruton) agammaglobulinemia differ in the a. Type of antibody produced by the immune system. b. Lymphocytes that the body fails to produce. c. Systems affected by the respective diseases. d. Type of hypersensitivity that ensues

Last Answer : c. Systems affected by the respective diseases.

The following statement(s) is/are true concerning newer detection methods of systemic infection. a. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is a rapid immunologic assay used for both antigen and antibody detection b. Southern, northern, and western immunoblot techniques are used to detect DNA, RNA, or proteins, respectively c. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a sensitive assay used to detect small amounts of microbial DNA, thus detecting infection at its early stages d. Infectious agents currently detected using advanced molecular techniques include cytomegalovirus (CMV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Description : The following statement(s) is/are true concerning newer detection methods of systemic infection. a. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is a rapid immunologic assay used for ... detected using advanced molecular techniques include cytomegalovirus (CMV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Last Answer : Answer: a, b, c, d Although the classic detection of infection based on clinical signs of infection and bacterial culture remain the most common clinical tools, increasing ... including CMV and HIV. Furthermore, preliminary investigations into possible detection of fungal pathogens are underway

Termination of the synthesis of the RNA molecule is signaled by a sequence in the template strand of the DNA molecule, a signal that is recognized by a termination protein, the (A) Rho (ρ) factor (B) σ factor (C) δ factor (D) ε factor

Description : Termination of the synthesis of the RNA molecule is signaled by a sequence in the template strand of the DNA molecule, a signal that is recognized by a termination protein, the (A) Rho (ρ) factor (B) σ factor (C) δ factor (D) ε factor

Last Answer : Answer : A

Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning tumor necrosis factor (TNF)? a. TNF is a product of activated macrophages secreted in response to contact with endotoxin or lipopolysaccharide, antibody complexes, or inflammatory stimuli b. The liver and gut appear to be a major source of TNF following hypoperfusion c. Circulating levels of TNF correlate well with severity of tissue injury in shock d. Recently completed clinical trials of anti-TNF antibody in septic patients shows a marked improvement in survival

Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning tumor necrosis factor (TNF)? a. TNF is a product of activated macrophages secreted in response to contact with endotoxin or ... completed clinical trials of anti-TNF antibody in septic patients shows a marked improvement in survival

Last Answer : Answer: a, b Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), a protein product of activated macrophages, is secreted in response to contact with endotoxin or lipopolysaccharide, antibody complexes, or ... patients utilizing infusion of monoclonal antibodies to the TNF molecule have shown no overall survival benefit

Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the antibody response to an invading antigen? a. All antibodies are composed of one type of heavy and one type of light protein chain b. The carboxyl terminus of the heavy chain is the antigen binding site c. Antibody of the immunoglobulin G class is the initial antibody produced in response to an antigenic stimulus d. Immunoglobulins A, D, and E play an active role in the circulating humoral response

Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the antibody response to an invading antigen? a. All antibodies are composed of one type of heavy and one type of light protein chain b. ... stimulus d. Immunoglobulins A, D, and E play an active role in the circulating humoral response

Last Answer : Answer: a Humoral defenses consist of antibody (immunoglobulin; Ig) and complement. All Ig classes (IgM, IgG, IgA, IgE, IgD) and IgG subclasses are composed of one type (M, G, A, E, D ... exist in smaller amounts in the circulation and do not appear to play a major role as host defense components

The neurohormonal arm of the stress response is well defined. Less is known about the inflammatory arm mediated primarily by cytokines. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning this arm of the surgical stress response? a. Cytokines primarily work locally via direct cell-to-cell communication b. Cytokines are never detectable in the systemic bloodstream c. Cytokines are produced only by immune cells attracted to the site of injury d. Cytokine release may stimulate the release of other cytokines leading to an important cascade of events

Description : The neurohormonal arm of the stress response is well defined. Less is known about the inflammatory arm mediated primarily by cytokines. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true ... Cytokine release may stimulate the release of other cytokines leading to an important cascade of events

Last Answer : Answer: a, d Cytokines, which are produced at the site of injury by endothelial cells and by diverse immune cells throughout the body, also occupy a pivotal position in the stress response ... act as hormones and spill over into the systemic circulation and become detectable in the bloodstream

All of the following statements about the enzymic complex that carries out the synthesis of ATP during oxidative phosphorylation are correct except (A) It is located on the matrix side of the inner mitochondrial membrane (B) It is inhibited by oligomycin (C) It can exhibit ATPase activity (D) It can bind molecular O2

Description : All of the following statements about the enzymic complex that carries out the synthesis of ATP during oxidative phosphorylation are correct except (A) It is located on the matrix side of the inner ... inhibited by oligomycin (C) It can exhibit ATPase activity (D) It can bind molecular O2

Last Answer : D

Choose the correct statement about amantadine: A. It is an antimetabolite used for viral infections B. It prevents penetration of the virus into the host cell C. It is used to protect high risk subjects during an influenza A2 epidemic D. Concurrent administration of amantadine prevents antibody response to influenza vaccine

Description : Choose the correct statement about amantadine: A. It is an antimetabolite used for viral infections B. It prevents penetration of the virus into the host cell C. It is used ... during an influenza A2 epidemic D. Concurrent administration of amantadine prevents antibody response to influenza vaccine

Last Answer : C. It is used to protect high risk subjects during an influenza A2 epidemic

Low molecular weight heparins have the following advantages over unfractionated heparin except: A. Higher efficacy in arterial thrombosis B. Less frequent dosing C. Higher and more consistent subcutaneous bioavailability D. Laboratory monitoring of response not required

Description : Low molecular weight heparins have the following advantages over unfractionated heparin except: A. Higher efficacy in arterial thrombosis B. Less frequent dosing C. Higher and more consistent subcutaneous bioavailability D. Laboratory monitoring of response not required

Last Answer : A. Higher efficacy in arterial thrombosis

Interleukin-6 is recognized as the cytokine primarily responsible for the alteration in hepatic protein synthesis recognized as the acute phase response. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning acute phase protein response to surgical stress? a. Glucocorticoid hormones inhibit this response b. Proteins such as albumin and transferrin which serve in serum transport are generally increased in this response c. Examples of acute phase proteins include fibrinogen and C-reactive protein d. In general, the physiologic role of acute phase proteins are to reduce the systemic effects of tissue damage

Description : Interleukin-6 is recognized as the cytokine primarily responsible for the alteration in hepatic protein synthesis recognized as the acute phase response. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true ... physiologic role of acute phase proteins are to reduce the systemic effects of tissue damage

Last Answer : Answer: c, d IL-6 is now recognized at the cytokine primarily responsible for the alteration in hepatic synthesis recognized as the acute phase response. Glucocorticoid hormones augment ... that generally inhibit the tissue destruction that is associated with the local initiation of inflammation

What immunodeficiency disorder is associated with a tack of T and B cells and complete immune dysfunction? a. DiGeorge syndrome b. Severe combined immunodeficiency disease c. Chronic granulomatous disease d. Chédiak-Higashi syndrome

Description : What immunodeficiency disorder is associated with a tack of T and B cells and complete immune dysfunction? a. DiGeorge syndrome b. Severe combined immunodeficiency disease c. Chronic granulomatous disease d. Chédiak-Higashi syndrome

Last Answer : b. Severe combined immunodeficiency disease

If two compounds have the same empirical formula but different molecular formula, they must have [MP PMT 1986] (A) Different percentage composition (B) Different molecular weights (C) Same viscosity (D) Same vapour density

Description : If two compounds have the same empirical formula but different molecular formula, they must have [MP PMT 1986] (A) Different percentage composition (B) Different molecular weights (C) Same viscosity (D) Same vapour density

Last Answer : (B) Different molecular weights

The following is true of abciximab except: A. It is a monoclonal antibody against GPIIb/IIIa B. It inhibits platelet aggregation induced by a variety of platelet agonists C. It is antigenic D. It is used to reduce the risk of restenosis in patients undergoing PTCA

Description : The following is true of abciximab except: A. It is a monoclonal antibody against GPIIb/IIIa B. It inhibits platelet aggregation induced by a variety of platelet agonists C. It is antigenic D. It is used to reduce the risk of restenosis in patients undergoing PTCA

Last Answer : C. It is antigenic

All of the following statements about tRNA are true except (A) It is synthesized as a large precursor (B) It is processed in the nucelolus (C) It has no codons or anticodons (D) Genes for rRNA are present in single copies

Description : All of the following statements about tRNA are true except (A) It is synthesized as a large precursor (B) It is processed in the nucelolus (C) It has no codons or anticodons (D) Genes for rRNA are present in single copies

Last Answer : Answer : D

What would you have us buy to elicit a smile?

Description : What would you have us buy to elicit a smile?

Last Answer : Well, my small item is very laughable, and I am sure you all would have some fun seeing it, but I am most definitely not going to post pics of it.

7.How does traceroute work? A. It uses an ICMP destination-unreachable message to elicit the name of a router. B. It sends a specially crafted IP packet to a router to locate the number of hops from the sender to the destination network. C. It uses a protocol that will be rejected by the gateway to determine the location. D. It uses the TTL value in an ICMP message to determine the number of hops from the sender to the router.

Description : 7.How does traceroute work? A. It uses an ICMP destination-unreachable message to elicit the name of a router. B. It sends a specially crafted IP packet to a router to locate the number of hops from ... the TTL value in an ICMP message to determine the number of hops from the sender to the router.

Last Answer : D. It uses the TTL value in an ICMP message to determine the number of hops from the sender to the router.

The antigen -binding sites are present where on the antibody molecule

Description : The antigen -binding sites are present where on the antibody molecule

Last Answer : The antigen -binding sites are present where on the antibody molecule A. on light chain as well as ... region of light chain D. on heavy chain only

Each antibody molecule is made up of how many PAIR of polypeptide chains, joined together by disulfide bonds. a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4

Description : Each antibody molecule is made up of how many PAIR of polypeptide chains, joined together by disulfide bonds. a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4

Last Answer : ANSWER: B -- 2

List nucleic acids with their molecular weights. -Biology

Description : List nucleic acids with their molecular weights. -Biology

Last Answer : answer:

Molecular weights of plastics ranges from (A) 1000 to 5000 (B) 5000 to 1000 (C) 20000 to 25000 (D) 10 9 to 10

Description : Molecular weights of plastics ranges from (A) 1000 to 5000 (B) 5000 to 1000 (C) 20000 to 25000 (D) 10 9 to 10

Last Answer : (C) 20000 to 25000

Ultracentrifuges running at speeds upto 100000 rpm is normally used for the (A) Separation of isotopes based on their density or molecular weights difference (B) Concentration of rubber latex (C) Separation of cream from milk (D) Dewaxing of lubricating oil

Description : Ultracentrifuges running at speeds upto 100000 rpm is normally used for the (A) Separation of isotopes based on their density or molecular weights difference (B) Concentration of rubber latex (C) Separation of cream from milk (D) Dewaxing of lubricating oil

Last Answer : (A) Separation of isotopes based on their density or molecular weights difference (B) Conc

Assuming roughly equivalent molecular weights, which of the following would have the highest boiling point? (a) a tertiary amine (b) a quaternary ammonium salt (c) an alcohol (d) an ether

Description : Assuming roughly equivalent molecular weights, which of the following would have the highest boiling point? (a) a tertiary amine (b) a quaternary ammonium salt (c) an alcohol (d) an ether

Last Answer : a quaternary ammonium salt

When carboxylic acids and dicarboxylic acids have similar molecular weights, how do their melting points compare? (a) Carboxylic acids have greater melting points. (b) Dicarboxylic acids have greater melting points. (c) Both acids have similar melting points. (d) No consistent trend exists

Description : When carboxylic acids and dicarboxylic acids have similar molecular weights, how do their melting points compare? (a) Carboxylic acids have greater melting points. (b) Dicarboxylic acids have greater melting points. (c) Both acids have similar melting points. (d) No consistent trend exists

Last Answer : Dicarboxylic acids have greater melting points

The following compounds have identical molecular weights. Which would have the lowest boiling point? (a) 1-Methoxypropane (b) 1-Butanol (c) 1,1-Dimethylethanol (d) 2-Butanol

Description : The following compounds have identical molecular weights. Which would have the lowest boiling point? (a) 1-Methoxypropane (b) 1-Butanol (c) 1,1-Dimethylethanol (d) 2-Butanol

Last Answer : 1-Methoxypropane

Molecular weights of polymers are in the range of (A) 10 2 - 10(B) 10 5 - 10 9 (C) 10 2 - 10 7 (D) 10 9 - 10 11

Description : Molecular weights of polymers are in the range of (A) 10 2 - 10 (B) 10 5 - 10 9 (C) 10 2 - 10 7 (D) 10 9 - 10 11

Last Answer : (C) 10 2 - 10 7

The statement that molecular weights of all gases occupy the same volume is known as  (a) Avogadro’s hypothesis  (b) Dalton’s law  (c) Gas law  (d) Law of thermodynamics  (e) Joule’s law.

Description : The statement that molecular weights of all gases occupy the same volume is known as  (a) Avogadro’s hypothesis  (b) Dalton’s law  (c) Gas law  (d) Law of thermodynamics  (e) Joule’s law.

Last Answer : Answer : a

According to Avogadro’s Hypothesis  (a) the molecular weights of all the perfect gases occupy the same volume under same conditions of pressure and temperature  (b) the sum of partial pressure of mixture of two gases is sum of the two  (c) product of the gas constant and the molecular weight of an ideal gas is constant  (d) gases have two values of specific heat  (e) all systems can be regarded as closed systems.

Description : According to Avogadro's Hypothesis  (a) the molecular weights of all the perfect gases occupy the same volume under same conditions of pressure and temperature  (b) the sum of partial pressure of ... gases have two values of specific heat  (e) all systems can be regarded as closed systems.

Last Answer : Answer : a

The same volume of all gases would represent their  (a) densities  (b) specific weights  (c) molecular weights  (d) gas characteristic constants  (e) specific gravities.

Description : The same volume of all gases would represent their  (a) densities  (b) specific weights  (c) molecular weights  (d) gas characteristic constants  (e) specific gravities.

Last Answer : Answer : c

A cell-coded protein that is formed in response to infection, with most animal viruses, is called (a) histone (b) antibody (c) interferon (d) antigen.

Description : A cell-coded protein that is formed in response to infection, with most animal viruses, is called (a) histone (b) antibody (c) interferon (d) antigen.

Last Answer : (c) interferon

Booster immunizations are used to raise the antibody level by stimulating the _____ cells to induce the secondary antibody response. a. helper T b. B c. memory d. plasma

Description : Booster immunizations are used to raise the antibody level by stimulating the _____ cells to induce the secondary antibody response. a. helper T b. B c. memory d. plasma

Last Answer : c. memory

The _____ class of antibodies is the principal component of a secondary antibody response. a. IgM b. IgD c. IgG d. IgE

Description : The _____ class of antibodies is the principal component of a secondary antibody response. a. IgM b. IgD c. IgG d. IgE

Last Answer : c. IgG

Which of the following statements is false regarding B cells? A- B cells can undergo class switching and produce a different antibody type B- B one marrow stem cells migrate to the thymus and develop into B cells C- B cells synthesize antibodies and put them on their cell surface D- B cells that recognize high concentrations of antigens (self) in the absence of other signals

Description : Which of the following statements is false regarding B cells? A- B cells can undergo class switching and produce a different antibody type B- B one marrow stem cells migrate to the thymus and ... D- B cells that recognize high concentrations of antigens (self) in the absence of other signals

Last Answer : B one marrow stem cells migrate to the thymus and develop into B cells

Proteins formed when cells are exposed to viral or foreign agents that are capable of activating other components of the immune system are referred to as a) interferons. Interferons are biologic response modifiers with nonspecific viricidal proteins.

Description : Proteins formed when cells are exposed to viral or foreign agents that are capable of activating other components of the immune system are referred to as a) interferons. Interferons are biologic ... series of enzymatic proteins in the serum that, when activated, destroy bacteria and other cells.

Last Answer : a) interferons. Interferons are biologic response modifiers with nonspecific viricidal proteins.

Acquired immunity usually involves protein receptors on B and T cells that recognize discrete regions of the antigen called _____. a. haptens b. epitopes c. antibodies d. protein receptors

Description : Acquired immunity usually involves protein receptors on B and T cells that recognize discrete regions of the antigen called _____. a. haptens b. epitopes c. antibodies d. protein receptors

Last Answer : b. epitopes

Antigens that bind directly to MHC proteins without any processing are known as _____. a. epitopes b. haptens c. superantigens d. naïve cells

Description : Antigens that bind directly to MHC proteins without any processing are known as _____. a. epitopes b. haptens c. superantigens d. naïve cells

Last Answer : c. superantigens

Haptens are: (1) Pseudoantigens (2) Incomplete antigens (3) Antibodies (4) Isoantigens

Description : Haptens are: (1) Pseudoantigens (2) Incomplete antigens (3) Antibodies (4) Isoantigens

Last Answer : Incomplete antigens