Define extraction and explain reserve percolation process.

Define extraction and explain reserve percolation process.
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Answer :

Definition: Extraction may be defined as the treatment of the plant or animal tissues with solvent, whereby active constituents are dissolved, and most of the inert matter remains undissolved.

Reserve percolation:

• In this process a part of percolate, generally 3/4th volume of the finished preparation is reserved.(contains high solute concentration)

• Then the percolation process is continued till the drug is completely exhausted.

• The percolate is subjected to evaporation or distillation to convert in to soft extract.

• Distillation will help to recover the costly solvent.

• Hence the major portion of active constituents of the drugs are saved from deterioration

• This soft extract is dissolved in reserve portion of percolate and sufficient menstruum is added to make up the volume. 
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