Which of the following would you classify as a pharmacodynamics interaction? a) ACE inhibitors with potassium-sparing diuretics cause life-threatening hyperkalaemia b) Antacids reduce the absorption of fluoroquinolones c) Increased bleeding due to cimetidine and warfarin d) Probenecid increases half-life of penicillin

1 Answer

Answer :

a) ACE inhibitors with potassium-sparing diuretics cause life-threatening hyperkalaemia

Related questions

Description : Which of the following is a valid therapeutic use of interaction? A. Use of Probenecid with Penicillin B. Giving Aspirin with warfarin C. Instructing patient to take levofloxacin with milk or antacid D. Treatment of depression of MAO Inhibitor and Citalopram

Last Answer : A. Use of Probenecid with Penicillin 

Description : ___________ antihypertensive therapy should be avoided in type-1 diabetes mellitus a) ACE inhibitors b) High dose diuretics c) Centrally acting d) calcium channel blockers

Last Answer : c) Centrally acting  

Description : When tetracycline is given with antacids the absorption of tetracycline ----------------. a) Increases b) Decreases c) Minimally altered d) Not altered at all

Last Answer : b) Decreases 

Description : Cimetidine interacts with more drugs than ranitidine because; a) It is subjected to greater first pass metabolism b) It is a more potent enzyme inducer c) It is a more potent enzyme inhibitor d) It has better oral absorption

Last Answer : c) It is a more potent enzyme inhibitor  

Description : Which of the following medication is safe to use in the third trimester of pregnancy? A. Acetaminophen B. Warfarin C. Aspirin D. Oxycodone

Last Answer : A. Acetaminophen 

Description : Why should care be taken when prescribing warfarin and amiodarone in combination? A. Amiodarone and warfarin both have an anticoagulant effect. B. Amiodarone may reverse the anticoagulant ... anticoagulant effect of warfarin. D. Warfarin may reverse the antiarrhythmic effect of amiodarone.

Last Answer : C. Amiodarone may increase the anticoagulant effect of warfarin. 

Description : Use of potassium sparing diuretics in patients receiving the following drug needs close monitoring: A. Furosemide B. Hydrochlorothiazide C. Captopril D. Verapami

Last Answer : C. Captopril

Description : Which of the following statements about hypertension in diabetes patients is/are correct? A. Hypertension worsens the macrovascular disease of diabetes patients. B. Hypertension accelerates the ... single-drug therapy, are not indicated in the treatment of hypertension in diabetes patients.

Last Answer : Answer: ABCDE DISCUSSION: All of the answers listed are correct. By damaging endothelial cells, hypertension worsens macrovascular disease in all patients but especially in diabetics. Hypertension ... is not indicated because the chronic state of dehydration in such patients may become worse

Description : The following apply to use of spironolactone in CHF except: A. It is indicated only in NYHA class III/IV cases as additional drug to conventional therapy B. It affords prognostic benefit in ... by ACE inhibitors C. It helps overcome refractoriness to diuretics D. It affords rapid symptomatic relief

Last Answer : D. It affords rapid symptomatic relief

Description : Which of the following is Type B ADRS? a) Hypoglycaemia caused by Insulin b) Dryness of mouth caused by Atropine c) Anaemia in patient with G6PD deficiency caused by Primaquine d) Hyperglycaemia caused by thiazide diuretics

Last Answer : c) Anaemia in patient with G6PD deficiency caused by Primaquine 

Description : Which of the following patients are at the highest risk of suffering from an adverse drug reaction? a) An 8 month year old infant receiving a prescription for an antibiotic. b) A 22 year old patient ... ACE Inhibitor. d) A 68 year old patient who has oedema receiving a prescription for a diuretic. 

Last Answer : d) A 68 year old patient who has oedema receiving a prescription for a diuretic. 

Description : Digitalis toxicity is enhanced by co-administration of (A) Potassium (B) Quinidine (C) Diuretics (D) Antacids

Last Answer : Ans. B & C

Description : Absorption of Griseofulvin increases with --------------diet. a) Carbohydrate b) Fatty c) protein d) vitamin

Last Answer : b) Fatty 

Description : Gary baby syndrome occur in new born with a) Tetracycline b) Chloramphenicol c) Penicillin d) Erythromycin

Last Answer : b) Chloramphenicol 

Description : Which of the following drug is not needed to be TDM? a) Carbamazepine. b) Penicillin. c) Digoxin. d) Gentamicin.

Last Answer : b) Penicillin. 

Description : According to Rawlins–Thompson classification Type D ADR includes___________ a) Carcinogenesis b) Bradycardia associated with beta blockers c) Anaphylaxis associated with penicillin d) Opiate withdrawal syndrome

Last Answer : a) Carcinogenesis 

Description : ________________ causes pharmacodynamic drug interaction. a) Gastric motility changes. b) Stimulation of metabolism. c) Alteration of pH of GIT. d)Interactions at receptor site.

Last Answer : d)Interactions at receptor site. 

Description : Choose the correct statement about nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): A. NSAIDs attenuate hypoglycaemic action of sulfonylureas B. NSAIDs potentiate antihypertensive action of ACE inhibitors C. ... D. Combined therapy with prednisolone and NSAIDs carries higher risk of gastric bleeding

Last Answer : D. Combined therapy with prednisolone and NSAIDs carries higher risk of gastric bleeding

Description : Which of the following categories of medications may result in seizure activity if withdrawn suddenly? a) Tranquilizers Abrupt withdrawal of tranquilizers may result in anxiety, tension, ... may cause excessive respiratory depression during anesthesia due to an associated electrolyte imbalance.

Last Answer : a) Tranquilizers Abrupt withdrawal of tranquilizers may result in anxiety, tension, and even seizures if withdrawn suddenly.

Description : ___________ absorption in infants and children is noticeably faster than in neonatal period. a) Oral. b) Topical c) Intravenous. d) Intramuscular.

Last Answer : a) Oral. 

Description : Why are cimetidine or ranitidine better antacids than sodium bicarbonate or magnesium or aluminium hydroxide ? 

Last Answer : Ans. If excess of NaHCO3 or Mg (OH)2 or Al (OH)3 is used, it makes the stomach alkaline and thus triggers the release of even more HCl. In contrast, cimetidine or ranitidine prevent the interaction of histamine with the receptor cells in the stomach wall and thus release lesser amount of HCl. 

Description : A patient who has had a previous stroke and is taking warfarin tells the nurse that he started taking garlic to help reduce his blood pressure. The nurse knows that garlic when taken ... headaches. Garlic and warfarin taken together can greatly increase the INR, increasing the risk of bleeding.

Last Answer : a) can greatly increase the international normalization ratio (INR) and therefore increase the risk of bleeding. Garlic and warfarin taken together can greatly increase the INR, increasing the risk of bleeding.

Description : ___________ drug can cause lactic acidosis. a) Metformin b) Pioglitazone c) Repaglinide d) Glibenclamide

Last Answer : a) Metformin  

Description : Of the following categories of medications, which is used in combination with bismuth salts to eradicate Helicobacter pylori? a) Antibiotics Antibiotics and bismuth salts are given to eradicate ... antagonists Histamine-2 receptor antagonists are given to decrease the acid secretion in the stomach.

Last Answer : a) Antibiotics Antibiotics and bismuth salts are given to eradicate H. pylori.

Description : Choose the correct statement about use of βadrenergic blockers in CHF: A. All β blockers are equally effective in CHF B. They are used as alternative to conventional therapy with ... dysfunction due to dilated cardiomyopathy D. They are indicated only in asymptomatic left ventricular dysfunction

Last Answer : C. They are most useful in mild to moderate cases with systolic dysfunction due to dilated cardiomyopathy

Description : The following are true about potassium: a. hypokalaemia decreases the time of cardiac repolarization b. hyperkalaemia decreases cardiac contraction c. hyperkalaemia relaxes vascular smooth muscle d. all

Last Answer : all

Description : ___________ is contraindicated during pregnancy due to its Teratogenicity. a) Folic acid b) Calcium c) Retinol d) Iron

Last Answer : c) Retinol 

Description : The prothrombin time a. assess the extrinsic pathway of the blood coagulation cascade b. is prolonged in patients with fat absorption c. is increased by warfarin d. all above

Last Answer : all above

Description : The prothrombin time a. assess the extrinsic pathway of the blood coagulation cascade b. is prolonged in patients with fat absorption c. is increased by warfarin d. is increased by heparin

Last Answer : assess the extrinsic pathway of the blood coagulation cascade

Description : Which of the following statements most closely describes the current status of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors in congestive heart failure: A. They are the first choice drugs unless contraindicated B. ... substitute for digitalis D. They are to be used as adjuncts only in resistant cases

Last Answer : D. They are to be used as adjuncts only in resistant cases

Description : Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors afford maximum protection against progression of heart failure when used: A. At the higher therapeutic dose range over long term B. At the maximum tolerated dose only till ... restored C. At low doses over long term D. At low doses along with diuretics/digoxi

Last Answer : A. At the higher therapeutic dose range over long term

Description : In peptic ulcer, antacids are now primarily used for: A. Prompt pain relief B. Ulcer healing C. Preventing ulcer relapse D. Control of bleeding from the ulcer

Last Answer : A. Prompt pain relief

Description : An osmotic diuretic, such as Mannitol, is given to the patient with increased intracranial pressure (IICP) in order to a) dehydrate the brain and reduce cerebral edema. Osmotic diuretics ... Medications such as barbiturates are given to the patient with IICP to reduce cellular metabolic demands.

Last Answer : a) dehydrate the brain and reduce cerebral edema. Osmotic diuretics draw water across intact membranes, thereby reducing the volume of brain and extracellular fluid.

Description : Following potassium sparing diuretic is a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (a) Amiloride (b) Triamterene (c) Spironolactone (d) All of the above

Last Answer : Ans: C

Description : Following potassium sparing diuretic inhibits action of aldosterone (a) Amiloride (b) Triamterene (c) Spironolactone (d) All of the above

Last Answer : Ans: C

Description : Of the following diuretic medications, which conserves potassium? a) Spironolactone (Aldactone) Aldactone is known as a potassium-sparing diuretic. b) Furosemide (Lasix) Lasix causes loss of ... (Diuril) Diuril causes mild hypokalemia. d) Chlorthalidone (Hygroton) Hygroton causes mild hypokalemia.

Last Answer : a) Spironolactone (Aldactone) Aldactone is known as a potassium-sparing diuretic.

Description : Postural hypotension is a common adverse effect of which one of the following types of drugs ? (a) ACE inhibitors (b) Alpha-receptor blockers (c) Arteriolar dilators (d) ß1 – selective receptor blockers (e) Nonselective ß - blockers

Last Answer : Ans: B

Description : Combined tablets of thiazide or high ceiling diuretics with potassium chloride are not recommended because: A. Potassium absorbed while diuresis is occurring is largely excreted out B. Potassium administered concurrently ... is likely to cause gut ulceration D. Both A' and C' are correct

Last Answer : D. Both ‘A’ and ‘C’ are correct

Description : Which of the following statements best describes a lead compound? a) A compound that contains the element lead b) A compound from the research laboratory that is chosen to go forward for preclinical and ... of a drug. d) The first compound of a structural class of compounds to reach the market.

Last Answer : c) A molecule that shows some activity or property of interest and serves as the starting point for the development of a drug.

Description : You are asked to compare the cost of four different antibacterial medicines. Which of the following treatment courses is the lowest cost? a) Medicine A costs £17.00 for 28 tablets. The adult dose is one ... 14 tablets. The adult dose is one tablet each day and the usual treatment duration is 5 days.

Last Answer : c) Medicine C costs £20.00 for 25 tablets. The adult dose is one tablet twice a day and the usual treatment duration is 5 days.

Description : Which of the following adverse drug reactions would you report to the Medicines and Healthcare Products regulatory Agency (MHRA) via the yellow card system for reporting? a) A patient ... started taking ramipril. d) A patient complains they have experienced diarrhoea since taking azilsartan.

Last Answer : d) A patient complains they have experienced diarrhoea since taking azilsartan.

Description : GCP are seen in all of the following except a) Phase I trial b) Phase II trial c) Preclinical trials d) Phase IV trial

Last Answer : c) Preclinical trials 

Description : Pharmacovigilance is done for monitoring of a) Drug price b) Unethical practises c) Drug safety d) Pharmacy students

Last Answer : c) Drug safety 

Description : Patient counselling helps to a) Know chemical structure of drug b) Develop business relations with pharmacist c) Motivate the patient to take medicine for improvement of his/her health status. d) Pass time at old age

Last Answer : c) Motivate the patient to take medicine for improvement of his/her health status. 

Description : Idiosyncrasy is_______________. a) Type A ADRs b) Type B ADRs c) Type C ADRs d) Type D ADRs

Last Answer : b) Type B ADRs 

Description : A 75-year-old man had been receiving gentamicin (an aminoglycoside antibiotic) to treat an urinary tract infection. After three months of therapy patient's serum creatinine levels were 10 mg/ ... Type II allergic reaction b)Type III allergic reaction c) Pseudo allergic reaction d) Overdose toxicity

Last Answer : d) Overdose toxicity 

Description : Which of the following terms does not describe an Adverse Drug Reaction? a) Idiosyncrasy b) Anaphylaxis c) Teratogenic effect d) Placebo effect

Last Answer : d) Placebo effect

Description : Which of the following is a technique pharmacists can use to humanize themselves to their patients? a) Using the patient's preferred name in conversation b) Delegating as many tasks as possible to an ... the text of a medication bottle verbatim to a patient d) Providing business cards at the desk

Last Answer : c) Reading the text of a medication bottle verbatim to a patient 

Description : GCP provides public assurance that a) Rights and safety of participants are protected b) The rights, safety and wellbeing of research participants are protected and that research data are reliable. c) Results are reliable d) Safety of participant is observed and results are reliable

Last Answer : b) The rights, safety and wellbeing of research participants are protected and that research data are reliable.

Description : Which is person responsible for the conduct of the clinical trial at a trial site? a) Clinical Research Coordinator b) Monitor c) Investigator d) Sponsor

Last Answer : c) Investigator