Deficiency of insulin results in (A) Rapid uptake of sugar (B) Low blood glucose level (C) Decrease urine output (D) Presence of glucose in urine

Deficiency of insulin results in (A) Rapid uptake of sugar (B) Low blood glucose level (C) Decrease urine output (D) Presence of glucose in urine
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Which of the following represents the action of insulin? (a) Increases blood glucose level by stimulating glucagon production. (b) Decreases blood glucose levels by forming glycogen. (c) Increases blood glucose levels by promoting cellular uptake of glucose. (d) Increases blood glucose levels by hydrolysis of glycogen.

Description : Which of the following represents the action of insulin? (a) Increases blood glucose level by stimulating glucagon production. (b) Decreases blood glucose levels by forming glycogen. (c) ... promoting cellular uptake of glucose. (d) Increases blood glucose levels by hydrolysis of glycogen.

Last Answer : (b) Decreases blood glucose levels by forming glycogen

Which of the following statements is NOT true about diabetes mellitus? A) Type II diabetes is much more common than type I. B) Insulin injections are required in both type I and type II diabetes. C) Type I diabetes occurs as a result of destruction of the insulin-producing cells. D) One method of treating type II diabetes is exercise and a low-fat, low-sugar diet. E) Symptoms of diabetes include excessive thirst, frequent urination, and glucose in the urine.

Description : Which of the following statements is NOT true about diabetes mellitus? A) Type II diabetes is much more common than type I. B) Insulin injections are required in both type I and type II ... -sugar diet. E) Symptoms of diabetes include excessive thirst, frequent urination, and glucose in the urine.

Last Answer : B) Insulin injections are required in both type I and type II diabetes.

Insulin is required for the active uptake of glucose by most of the cells except (A) Muscle cells (B) Renal tubular cells (C) Adipocytes (D) Liver cells

Description : Insulin is required for the active uptake of glucose by most of the cells except (A) Muscle cells (B) Renal tubular cells (C) Adipocytes (D) Liver cells

Last Answer : Answer : D

Glucose uptake by liver cells is (A) Energy-consuming (B) A saturable process (C) Insulin-dependent (D) Insulin-independent

Description : Glucose uptake by liver cells is (A) Energy-consuming (B) A saturable process (C) Insulin-dependent (D) Insulin-independent

Last Answer : D

What is the effect of insulin on glucose uptake of cells?

Description : What is the effect of insulin on glucose uptake of cells?

Last Answer : Insulin facilitates the membrane transport of glucose in most of tissues, especially in muscles and adipose tissue. This is by glucose transporter, GIuT4. But glucose uptake by GlT2 is independent of insulin, it is seen in liver and brain.

Which of the following statements are true of a patient with hyperglycemia and hyponatremia? A. The sodium concentration must be corrected by 5 mEq. per 100 mg. per 100 ml. elevation in blood glucose. B. With normal renal function, this patient is likely to be volume overloaded. C. Proper fluid therapy would be unlikely to include potassium administration. D. Insulin administration will increase the potassium content of cells. E. Early in treatment adequate urine output is a reliable measure of adequate volume resuscitation.

Description : Which of the following statements are true of a patient with hyperglycemia and hyponatremia? A. The sodium concentration must be corrected by 5 mEq. per 100 mg. per 100 ml. elevation in blood ... . E. Early in treatment adequate urine output is a reliable measure of adequate volume resuscitation.

Last Answer : Answer: D DISCUSSION: Each 100-mg. per 100 ml. elevation in blood glucose causes a fall in serum sodium concentration of approximately 2 mEq. per liter. Excess serum glucose ... correction of the patient's associated acidosis produce movement of potassium ions into the intracellular compartment

The nurse recognizes which of the following signs as typical of the patient in shock? a) Rapid, weak, thready pulse Pulse increases as the body tries to compensate. b) Flushed face Pallor is an indicator of shock. c) Warm, dry skin Skin is generally cool and moist in shock. d) Increased urine output Usually, a low blood pressure and concentrated urine are observed in the patient in shock.

Description : The nurse recognizes which of the following signs as typical of the patient in shock? a) Rapid, weak, thready pulse Pulse increases as the body tries to compensate. b) Flushed face Pallor is ... urine output Usually, a low blood pressure and concentrated urine are observed in the patient in shock.

Last Answer : a) Rapid, weak, thready pulse Pulse increases as the body tries to compensate.

Regarding retinal metabolism: a. insulin is essential for the uptake of glucose by the retina b. anaerobic metabolism predominates c. the pigment retinal epithelium stores glycogen and supplies the need of the retina d. the demand of oxygen is met entirely by the central retinal artery

Description : Regarding retinal metabolism: a. insulin is essential for the uptake of glucose by the retina b. anaerobic metabolism predominates c. the pigment retinal epithelium stores glycogen and supplies the need of the retina d. the demand of oxygen is met entirely by the central retinal artery

Last Answer : anaerobic metabolism predominates

Insulin: a. is secreted as a pro-insulin b. increases protein synthesis c. is required for glucose uptake in all tissues d. is a steroid hormone

Description : Insulin: a. is secreted as a pro-insulin b. increases protein synthesis c. is required for glucose uptake in all tissues d. is a steroid hormone

Last Answer : is secreted as a pro-insulin

Name a peptide hormone which acts mainly on hepatocytes, adipocytes and enhances cellular glucose uptake and utilisation. (a) Insulin (b) Glucagon (c) Secretin (d) Gastrin

Description : Name a peptide hormone which acts mainly on hepatocytes, adipocytes and enhances cellular glucose uptake and utilisation. (a) Insulin (b) Glucagon (c) Secretin (d) Gastrin

Last Answer : (a) Insulin

Glucocorticoids impair carbohydrate tolerance by: A. Promoting gluconeogenesis in liver B. Depressing glucose uptake into skeletal muscles C. Inhibiting insulin secretion D. Both A and B are correct

Description : Glucocorticoids impair carbohydrate tolerance by: A. Promoting gluconeogenesis in liver B. Depressing glucose uptake into skeletal muscles C. Inhibiting insulin secretion D. Both A and B are correct

Last Answer : D. Both A and B are correct

A 65-year old patient has colon carcinoma metastatic to the liver and lungs. He has had a weight loss of 10 kg. Cytokine-dependent tumor cachexia is attributable to which of the following? a. Increased glucose uptake and increased glycogen breakdown occur in this circumstance. b. Suppressed activity of lipoprotein lipase results from TNFa c. TNFa stimulates lipolysis d. The differentiation process of pre-adipocytes is impaired e. Partial reversal of differentiated adipocytes to pre-adipocyte morphology and gene expression occurs

Description : A 65-year old patient has colon carcinoma metastatic to the liver and lungs. He has had a weight loss of 10 kg. Cytokine-dependent tumor cachexia is attributable to which of the ... is impaired e. Partial reversal of differentiated adipocytes to pre-adipocyte morphology and gene expression occurs

Last Answer : Answer: a, b, c, d, e Tumor cachexia appears to be mediated by TNFa. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), as well as other cytokines, activate a variety of inflammatory cells, most ... chronic syndromes of anorexia, weight loss, and cachexia that are associated with both chronic infection and malignancy

The effects of glucocorticoid hormones include: a. increase hepatic glycogen synthesis b. decrease glucose uptake by the adipose tissue c. decrease hepatic gluconeogesis d. increase protein synthesis in the skeletal muscles

Description : The effects of glucocorticoid hormones include: a. increase hepatic glycogen synthesis b. decrease glucose uptake by the adipose tissue c. decrease hepatic gluconeogesis d. increase protein synthesis in the skeletal muscles

Last Answer : . increase hepatic glycogen synthesis

Maple syrup urine disease results from absence or serve deficiency of (A) Homogentisate oxidase (B) Phenylalanine hydroxylase (C) Branched chain amino acid transaminase (D) None of these

Description : Maple syrup urine disease results from absence or serve deficiency of (A) Homogentisate oxidase (B) Phenylalanine hydroxylase (C) Branched chain amino acid transaminase (D) None of these

Last Answer : Answer : D

Urine specific gravity of 1.054 indicates (A) Excellent renal function (B) Inappropriate secretion of ADH (C) Extreme dehydration (D) Presence of glucose or protein

Description : Urine specific gravity of 1.054 indicates (A) Excellent renal function (B) Inappropriate secretion of ADH (C) Extreme dehydration (D) Presence of glucose or protein

Last Answer : Answer : D

The primary stimulus for insulin secretion is increased. (A) Blood level of epinephrine (B) Blood level of glucagon (C) Blood level of glucose (D) Water intake

Description : The primary stimulus for insulin secretion is increased. (A) Blood level of epinephrine (B) Blood level of glucagon (C) Blood level of glucose (D) Water intake

Last Answer : Answer : C

Which hormone will decrease blood glucose levels? A) thyroxin B) aldosterone C) cortisol D) insulin E) glucagon

Description : Which hormone will decrease blood glucose levels? A) thyroxin B) aldosterone C) cortisol D) insulin E) glucagon

Last Answer : D) insulin

This pancreatic hormone increases the blood-sugar level: (A) Insulin (B) Glucagon (C) Pancreozymin (D) Pancreatic polypeptide

Description : This pancreatic hormone increases the blood-sugar level: (A) Insulin (B) Glucagon (C) Pancreozymin (D) Pancreatic polypeptide

Last Answer : Answer : B

Sodium is involved in the active uptake of (A) D-Glucose (B) D-Galactose (C) L-Amino acids (D) All of these

Description : Sodium is involved in the active uptake of (A) D-Glucose (B) D-Galactose (C) L-Amino acids (D) All of these

Last Answer : Answer : D

Cori cycle is (A) Synthesis of glucose (B) reuse of glucose (C) uptake of glycose (D) Both (A) & (B)

Description : Cori cycle is (A) Synthesis of glucose (B) reuse of glucose (C) uptake of glycose (D) Both (A) & (B)

Last Answer : D

Active uptake of glucose is inhibited by (A) Ouabain (B) Phlorrizin (C) Digoxin (D) Alloxan

Description : Active uptake of glucose is inhibited by (A) Ouabain (B) Phlorrizin (C) Digoxin (D) Alloxan

Last Answer : B

Glycosuria is a condition where a man (a) Eats more sugar (b) Excretes sugar in urine (c) Sugar is excreted in faeces (d) Has low sugar level in blood

Description : Glycosuria is a condition where a man (a) Eats more sugar (b) Excretes sugar in urine (c) Sugar is excreted in faeces (d) Has low sugar level in blood

Last Answer : (b) Excretes sugar in urine

Deficiency of biotin results in decrease in (A) Amino acid synthesis (B) Lipid synthesis (C) Kidney (D) Fatty acid synthesis

Description : Deficiency of biotin results in decrease in (A) Amino acid synthesis (B) Lipid synthesis (C) Kidney (D) Fatty acid synthesis

Last Answer : Answer : D

When the nurse notes that the post cardiac surgery patient demonstrates low urine output (< 25 ml/hr) with high specific gravity (> 1.025), the nurse suspects: a) Inadequate fluid volume Urine output of less than 25 ml/hr may indicate a decrease in cardiac output. A high specific gravity indicates increased concentration of solutes in the urine which occurs with inadequate fluid volume. b) Normal glomerular filtration Indices of normal glomerular filtration are output of 25 ml or greater per hour and specific gravity between 1.010 and 1.025. c) Overhydration Overhydration is manifested by high urine output with low specific gravity. d) Anuria The anuric patient does not produce urine.

Description : When the nurse notes that the post cardiac surgery patient demonstrates low urine output (< 25 ml/hr) with high specific gravity (> 1.025), the nurse suspects: a) Inadequate fluid volume Urine ... by high urine output with low specific gravity. d) Anuria The anuric patient does not produce urine.

Last Answer : a) Inadequate fluid volume Urine output of less than 25 ml/hr may indicate a decrease in cardiac output. A high specific gravity indicates increased concentration of solutes in the urine which occurs with inadequate fluid volume.

Which is NOT a correct consequence of surgical removal of portions of these glands? A) adrenal cortex--bronzing of skin, no glucose at stress, dehydration and death B) thymus--decrease in sex drive and changes in secondary sexual characteristics C) parathyroid glands--drop in blood calcium level and tetany (muscles shake) D) ovaries--alteration in menstrual cycle and change in secondary sex characteristics E) adult thyroid--low pulse rate and body temperature and lethargy

Description : Which is NOT a correct consequence of surgical removal of portions of these glands? A) adrenal cortex--bronzing of skin, no glucose at stress, dehydration and death B) thymus--decrease ... change in secondary sex characteristics E) adult thyroid--low pulse rate and body temperature and lethargy

Last Answer : B) thymus--decrease in sex drive and changes in secondary sexual characteristics

An important finding in glycinuria is (A) Excess excretion of oxalate in the urine (B) Deficiency of enzyme glycinase (C) Significantly increased serum glycine level (D) Defect in renal tubular reabsorption of glycine

Description : An important finding in glycinuria is (A) Excess excretion of oxalate in the urine (B) Deficiency of enzyme glycinase (C) Significantly increased serum glycine level (D) Defect in renal tubular reabsorption of glycine

Last Answer : Answer : D

The level of free fatty acids in plasma is increased by (A) Insulin (B) Caffeine (C) Glucose (D) Niacin

Description : The level of free fatty acids in plasma is increased by (A) Insulin (B) Caffeine (C) Glucose (D) Niacin

Last Answer : Answer : B

The synthesis of glucose from pyruvate by gluconeogenesis (A) Requires the participation of biotin (B) Occurs exclusively in the cytosol (C) Is inhibited by elevated level of insulin (D) Requires oxidation/reduction of FAD

Description : The synthesis of glucose from pyruvate by gluconeogenesis (A) Requires the participation of biotin (B) Occurs exclusively in the cytosol (C) Is inhibited by elevated level of insulin (D) Requires oxidation/reduction of FAD

Last Answer : A

Which one of the following statements concerning glucose metabolism is correct? (A) The conversion of Glucose to lactate occurs only in the R.B.C (B) Glucose enters most cells by a mechanism in which Na+ and glucose are co-transported (C) Pyruvate kinase catalyses an irreversible reaction (D) An elevated level of insulin leads to a decreased level of fructose 2, 6-bisphosphate in hepatocyte

Description : Which one of the following statements concerning glucose metabolism is correct? (A) The conversion of Glucose to lactate occurs only in the R.B.C (B) Glucose enters most cells by a mechanism in ... ) An elevated level of insulin leads to a decreased level of fructose 2, 6-bisphosphate in hepatocyte

Last Answer : C

Water hammer in a pipeline results from the (A) Bursting of pipelines due to closure by a valve (B) Rapid pressure change due to a rapid change in the rate of flow (C) Pressure increase due to closure of a valve resulting in decrease in rate of flow (D) None of these

Description : Water hammer in a pipeline results from the (A) Bursting of pipelines due to closure by a valve (B) Rapid pressure change due to a rapid change in the rate of flow (C) Pressure increase due to closure of a valve resulting in decrease in rate of flow (D) None of these

Last Answer : (B) Rapid pressure change due to a rapid change in the rate of flow

Assertion : The menstrual flow results due to breakdown of endometrial lining of the uterus and its blood vessels . Reason : Rapid fall in the level o

Description : Assertion : The menstrual flow results due to breakdown of endometrial lining of the uterus and its blood vessels . Reason : Rapid fall in the level o

Last Answer : Assertion : The menstrual flow results due to breakdown of endometrial lining of the uterus and its blood ... D. If both Assertion & Reason are False.

Cell membranes a. consist almost entirely of protein molecules b. are impermeable to fat-soluble substances c. in some tissues permit the transport of glucose at a greater rate in the presence of insulin d. are freely permeable to electrolytes but not to proteins e. have a stable composition throughout the life of the cell

Description : Cell membranes a. consist almost entirely of protein molecules b. are impermeable to fat-soluble substances c. in some tissues permit the transport of glucose at a greater rate in the presence of ... to electrolytes but not to proteins e. have a stable composition throughout the life of the cell

Last Answer : in some tissues permit the transport of glucose at a greater rate in the presence of insulin

Glucose entry into the cells of the following organ/ tissue is highly dependent on the presence of insulin: A. Brain B. Liver C. Adipose tissue D. Kidney tubules

Description : Glucose entry into the cells of the following organ/ tissue is highly dependent on the presence of insulin: A. Brain B. Liver C. Adipose tissue D. Kidney tubules

Last Answer : C. Adipose tissue

A 55-year-old male undergoes a total abdominal colectomy. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the hormonal response to the surgical procedure? a. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is secreted from the anterior pituitary gland b. ACTH stimulation results in elevation of serum cortisol levels for up to a week after the operation c. An increased secretion of aldosterone and ADH may contribute to postoperative fluid retention d. An increase in serum insulin and a fall in glucagon accelerate hepatic glucose production and maintain gluconeogenesis

Description : A 55-year-old male undergoes a total abdominal colectomy. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the hormonal response to the surgical procedure? a. Adrenocorticotropic ... in serum insulin and a fall in glucagon accelerate hepatic glucose production and maintain gluconeogenesis

Last Answer : Answer: a, c One of the earliest consequence of a surgical procedure is the rise in levels of circulating cortisol that occur in response to a sudden outpouring of ACTH ... hepatic glucose production, and, with other hormones (epinephrine and glucocorticoids), gluconeogenesis is maintained

Presence of glucose in urine is called

Description : Presence of glucose in urine is called

Last Answer : Presence of glucose in urine is called

Presence of glucose in urine is called

Description : Presence of glucose in urine is called

Last Answer : Presence of glucose in urine is called

Assertion: Pregnant women may show some presence of glucose in their postprandial urine although they have no diabetes. Reason: In pregnant women the

Description : Assertion: Pregnant women may show some presence of glucose in their postprandial urine although they have no diabetes. Reason: In pregnant women the

Last Answer : Assertion: Pregnant women may show some presence of glucose in their postprandial urine although they ... D. If both Assertion and Reason are false

Match the items given in column I with those in column II and select the correct option given below. Column I Column II A. Glycosuria (i) Accumulation of uric acid in joints B. Gout (ii) Mass of crystallised salts within the kidney C. Renal calculi (iii) Inflammation in glomeruli D. Glomerular (iv) Presence of glucose in nephritis urine A B C D (a) (iii) (ii) (iv) (i) (b) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (c) (ii) (iii) (i) (iv) (d) (iv) (i) (ii) (iii)

Description : Match the items given in column I with those in column II and select the correct option given below. Column I Column II A. Glycosuria (i) Accumulation of uric acid in joints B. Gout (ii) Mass of crystallised salts within the kidney ... (iii) (iv) (c) (ii) (iii) (i) (iv) (d) (iv) (i) (ii) (iii)

Last Answer : (d) (iv) (i) (ii) (iii)

The patient with Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) encephalitis is receiving acyclovir (Zovirax). The nurse monitors blood chemistry test results and urinary output for a) renal complications related to acyclovir therapy. Monitoring of blood chemistry test results and urinary output will alert the nurse to the presence of renal complications related to acyclovir therapy.

Description : The patient with Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) encephalitis is receiving acyclovir (Zovirax). The nurse monitors blood chemistry test results and urinary output for a) renal complications related to ... output will alert the nurse to the presence of renal complications related to acyclovir therapy.

Last Answer : a) renal complications related to acyclovir therapy. Monitoring of blood chemistry test results and urinary output will alert the nurse to the presence of renal complications related to acyclovir therapy.

Adrenaline raises blood glucose level by the following actions except (a) Inducing hepatic glycogenolysis (b) Inhibiting insulin secretion from pancreatic ß cells (c) Augmenting glucagons secretion from pancreatic a cells (d) Inhibiting peripheral glucose utilization

Description : Adrenaline raises blood glucose level by the following actions except (a) Inducing hepatic glycogenolysis (b) Inhibiting insulin secretion from pancreatic ß cells (c) Augmenting glucagons secretion from pancreatic a cells (d) Inhibiting peripheral glucose utilization

Last Answer : Ans: D

What is the role of insulin in regulating the level of glucose in the blood?

Description : What is the role of insulin in regulating the level of glucose in the blood?

Last Answer : Insulin promotes the conversion of glucose to glycogen for storage in liver and muscles. It is secreted when blood glucose levels are high.

Glucagon release from pancreas is stimulated by: A. High blood glucose level B. Insulin C. Somatostatin D. Adrenaline

Description : Glucagon release from pancreas is stimulated by: A. High blood glucose level B. Insulin C. Somatostatin D. Adrenaline

Last Answer : D. Adrenaline

Adrenaline raises blood glucose level by the following actions except: A. Inducing hepatic glycogenolysis B. Inhibiting insulin secretion from pancreatic β cells C. Augmenting glucagon secretion from pancreatic α cells D. Inhibiting peripheral glucose utilization

Description : Adrenaline raises blood glucose level by the following actions except: A. Inducing hepatic glycogenolysis B. Inhibiting insulin secretion from pancreatic β cells C. Augmenting glucagon secretion from pancreatic α cells D. Inhibiting peripheral glucose utilization

Last Answer : D. Inhibiting peripheral glucose utilization

Adrenaline raises blood glucose level by the following actions except: A. Inducing hepatic glycogenolysis B. Inhibiting insulin secretion from pancreatic β cells C. Augmenting glucagon secretion from pancreatic α cells D. Inhibiting peripheral glucose utilization

Description : Adrenaline raises blood glucose level by the following actions except: A. Inducing hepatic glycogenolysis B. Inhibiting insulin secretion from pancreatic β cells C. Augmenting glucagon secretion from pancreatic α cells D. Inhibiting peripheral glucose utilization

Last Answer : D. Inhibiting peripheral glucose utilization

Insulin increases (A) Glycogenesis (B) Gluconeogenesis (C) Lipolysis (D) Blood glucose

Description : Insulin increases (A) Glycogenesis (B) Gluconeogenesis (C) Lipolysis (D) Blood glucose

Last Answer : Answer : A

Which of the following regulates the Metabolism Of Sugar? A. Thyroid B. Insulin (Answer) C. Glucose D. None of These

Description : Which of the following regulates the Metabolism Of Sugar? A. Thyroid B. Insulin (Answer) C. Glucose D. None of These

Last Answer : B. Insulin (Answer)

Metformin acts by: A. Releasing insulin from pancreas B. Suppressing gluconeogenesis and glucose output from liver

Description : Metformin acts by: A. Releasing insulin from pancreas B. Suppressing gluconeogenesis and glucose output from liver

Last Answer : B. Suppressing gluconeogenesis and glucose output from liver

Which of the following symptoms is NOT characteristic of diabetes mellitus? A) cells unable to take up glucose B) increased breakdown of fats and protein C) frequent urination D) sugar in the urine E) bronzing of the skin

Description : Which of the following symptoms is NOT characteristic of diabetes mellitus? A) cells unable to take up glucose B) increased breakdown of fats and protein C) frequent urination D) sugar in the urine E) bronzing of the skin

Last Answer : E) bronzing of the skin

The main function of insulin in the human body is – (1) to maintain blood pressure (2) to help in digestion of food (3) to control the level of sugar in the body (4) to check the level of iodine in the body

Description : The main function of insulin in the human body is – (1) to maintain blood pressure (2) to help in digestion of food (3) to control the level of sugar in the body (4) to check the level of iodine in the body

Last Answer : (3) to control the level of sugar in the body Explanation: Insulin is a peptide hormone, produced by beta cells of the pancreas, and is central to regulating carbohydrate and fat metabolism in the body.