Description : Apraclonidine is a clonidine congener which is used: A. To suppress opioid withdrawal syndrome B. To suppress menopausal syndrome C. As Analgesic D. To reduce intraocular tension
Last Answer : D. To reduce intraocular tension
Description : The following antihypertensive drug has been found to suppress certain manifestations of morphine withdrawal syndrome and to block postoperative pain when injected intrathecally: A. Prazosin B. Clonidine C. Reserpine D. Ketanserin
Last Answer : B. Clonidine
Description : A. It is a clonidine congener used in spasticity due to stroke or spinal injury B. It reduces muscle tone by activating GABAB receptors C. It inhibits release of excitatory amino-acids in spinal interneurones D. It reduces muscle spasms without producing weaknes
Last Answer : B. It reduces muscle tone by activating GABAB receptors
Description : The following is true of buprenorphine: A. It is an agonist-antagonist type of opioid analgesic B. Its subjective effects are different from those of morphine C. Naloxone is largely ineffective in reversing its effects D. It produces mydriasis
Last Answer : C. Naloxone is largely ineffective in reversing its effects
Description : Select the opioid analgesic which acts primarily through κ (kappa) opioid receptor: A. Pentazocine B. Methadone C. Buprenorphine D. Pethidine
Last Answer : A. Pentazocine
Description : Which of the following is an agonist-antagonist type of opioid analgesic: A. Pethidine B. Pentazocine C. Fentanyl D. Buprenorphine
Last Answer : B. Pentazocine
Description : An opioid analgesic is preferred over aspirin like analgesic in the following condition: A. Acute gout B. Burn C. Toothache D. Neuralgi
Last Answer : B. Burn
Description : Select the analgesic which acts through opioid as well as additional spinal monoaminergic mechanisms: A. Tramadol B. Ethoheptazine C. Dextropropoxyphene D. Alfentanil
Last Answer : A. Tramado
Description : The following opioid analgesic is similar to codeine in pharmacological profile but is less constipating: A. Methadone B. Buprenorphine C. Butorphanol D. Dextropropoxyphene
Last Answer : D. Dextropropoxyphene
Description : Indicate the opioid analgesic that is used as transdermal patch for chronic and cancer pain: A. Morphine B. Pentazocine C. Fentanyl D. Tramadol
Last Answer : The distinctive feature(s) of methadone compared to morphine is/are: A. High oral bioavailability B. High plasma protein and tissue binding C. Delayed and milder withdrawal symptoms in dependent subjects D. All of the above
Description : Choose the correct statement about nefopam: A. It is a nonopioid analgesic which does not inhibit prostaglandin synthesis B. It is an orally active opioid analgesic C. It is an analgesic with potent antiinflammatory activity D. It is a preferential COX-2 inhibitor
Last Answer : A. It is a nonopioid analgesic which does not inhibit prostaglandin synthesis
Description : In which of the following conditions estrogen is not the primary drug but is added to progestin as adjuvant: A. Dysfunctional uterine bleeding B. Menopausal syndrome C. Osteoporosis D. Atrophic vaginitis
Last Answer : A. Dysfunctional uterine bleeding
Description : Atropine is contraindicated in: A. Pulmonary embolism B. Digitalis toxicity C. Iridocyclitis D. Raised intraocular tension
Last Answer : D. Raised intraocular tension
Description : Pilocarpine reduces intraocular tension in open angle glaucoma by: A. Contracting sphincter pupillae B. Increasing tone of ciliary muscle C. Reducing aqueous formation D. Enhancing uveo-scleral outflow
Last Answer : B. Increasing tone of ciliary muscle
Description : When a person who has been taking opioids becomes less sensitive to their analgesic properties, that person is said to have developed a (an) a) tolerance. Tolerance is characterized by the need ... using more than one form of analgesia concurrently to obtain more pain relief with fewer side effects.
Last Answer : a) tolerance. Tolerance is characterized by the need for increasing dose requirements to maintain the same level of pain relief.
Description : 4 Choose the correct statement about the role of opioid antimotility drugs in the management of diarrhoeas: A. They are used to control diarrhoea irrespective of its etiology B. They should ... antimicrobial therapy of diarrhoea D. They are the drugs of choice in irritable bowel syndrome diarrhoea
Last Answer : B. They should be used only as a short-term measure after ensuring that enteroinvasive organisms are not involved
Description : Methyldopa differs from clonidine in the following respect: A. It is less likely to cause rebound hypertension on sudden discontinuation B. It does not reduce plasma renin activity C. It has a central as well as peripheral site of antihypertensive action D. It does not produce central side effect
Last Answer : A. It is less likely to cause rebound hypertension on sudden discontinuation
Description : The following statement is correct about buspirone: A. It interacts with benzodiazepine receptor as an inverse agonist B. It is a rapidly acting anxiolytic, good for panic states C. ... suppresses barbiturate withdrawal syndrome D. It has anxiolytic but no anticonvulsant or muscle relaxant propert
Last Answer : D. It has anxiolytic but no anticonvulsant or muscle relaxant property
Description : Adaptive neurophysiological changes produced by repeated administration of a drug, which result in the appearance of characteristic withdrawal syndrome on discontinuation of the drug is called: A. Drug addiction B. Drug abuse C. Psychological dependence D. Physical dependence
Last Answer : D. Physical dependence
Description : The following is an orally active lignocaine congener used for both acute as well as chronic ventricular arrhythmias: A. Mexiletine B. Flecainide C. Moricizine D. Propafenone
Last Answer : A. Mexiletine
Description : Choose the correct statement about drotaverine: A. It is a smooth muscle antispasmodic acting by non-anticholinergic mechanisms B. It is a papaverine congener used in peripheral vascular diseases C. It ... used to control diarrhoea D. It is a M1/M3 selective antagonist used for spastic constipation
Last Answer : A. It is a smooth muscle antispasmodic acting by non-anticholinergic mechanisms
Description : A drug that decreases blood pressure and has analgesic and spasmolytic effects when given intrathecally is (a) Atenolol (b) Clonidine (c) Morphine (d) Nitroprusside (e) Prazosin
Last Answer : Ans: B
Description : Which of the following is an agonistantagonist type of opioid analgesic (a) Pethidine (b) Pentazocine (c) Fentanyl (d) Buprenorphine
Description : An opioid analgesic is preferred over aspirin like analgesic in the following condition. (a) Acute gout (b) Burn (c) Toothache (d) Neuralgia
Description : The following is true of raloxifene except: A. It acts as an estrogen agonist in bone B. It exerts estrogen antagonistic action on endometrium C. It increases risk of developing breast cancer D. It can induce/aggravate menopausal hot flushes
Last Answer : C. It has additional androgenic acitivity
Description : Benefits of tamoxifen citrate therapy include the following except: A. Reduction in recurrence rate of breast cancer B. Improved bone mass C. Suppression of menopausal hot flushes D. Improved lipid profile
Last Answer : C. Suppression of menopausal hot flushes
Description : The estrogen commonly used for hormone replacement therapy in menopausal women is: A. Ethinylestradiol B. Estradiol benzoate C. Diethylstilbestrol D. Conjugated estrogens
Last Answer : D. Conjugated estrogen
Description : Addition of a progestin for 10-12 days each month to estrogen replacement therapy in menopausal women is recommended because the progestin: A. Blocks the increased risk of myocardial ... vulval atrophy occurring in postmenopausal women D. Enhances the metabolic benefits of estrogen treatment
Last Answer : The estrogen commonly used for hormone replacement therapy in menopausal women is: A. Ethinylestradiol B. Estradiol benzoate C. Diethylstilbestrol D. Conjugated estrogens
Description : Which of the following statements most closely reflects the current status of estrogens in postmenopausal women: A. Estrogens should be prescribed routinely to all menopausal women B. ... should be prescribed along with a progestin after considering risk:benefit ratio in individual patients
Last Answer : . Estrogens should be prescribed along with a progestin after considering risk:benefit ratio in individual patients
Description : 16.14 Menotropins is a preparation of: A. FSH + LH obtained from urine of menstruating women B. LH obtained from urine of pregnant women C. FSH + LH obtained from urine of menopausal women D. LH obtained from serum of pregnant mare (p. 219
Last Answer : C. FSH + LH obtained from urine of menopausal women
Description : Choose the correct statement about osmotic diuretics: A. They are large molecular weight substances which form colloidal solution B. Their primary site of action is collecting ducts in the ... C. They increase water excretion without increasing salt excretion D. They can lower intraocular pressure
Last Answer : D. They can lower intraocular pressure
Description : The following antihypertensive combination is irrational, and therefore should not be used: A. Nifedipine + hydralazine B. Amlodipine + atenolol C. Enalapril + clonidine D. Enalapril + hydrochlorothiazide
Last Answer : TA. Nifedipine + hydralazine
Description : The following antihypertensive drug tends to lower plasma renin activity: A. Clonidine B. Hydralazine C. Nifedipine D. Captopril
Last Answer : A. Clonidine
Description : Used alone the following antihypertensive drug tends to increase cardiac work and can precipitate angina: A. Clonidine B. Hydralazine C. Captopril D. Prazosin
Last Answer : B. Hydralazine
Description : Rebound hypertension on sudden stoppage of medication is most likely to occur with: A. Hydrochlorothiazide B. Prazosin C. Clonidine D. Lisinopri
Last Answer : C. Clonidine
Description : Rapid intravenous injection of clonidine causes rise in BP due to: A. Stimulation of vasomotor centre B. Release of noradrenaline from adrenergic nerve endings C. Agonistic action on vascular α2 adrenergic receptors D. Cardiac stimulation
Last Answer : C. Agonistic action on vascular α2 adrenergic receptors
Description : Loss of taste sensation can be a side effect of the following antihypertensive drug: A. Clonidine B. Captopril C. Verapamil D. Prazosin
Last Answer : B. Captopril
Description : Choose the most suitable antihypertensive drug for a 45-year-old male company executive who has a travelling job. His blood pressure is 160/100 mm Hg, and he is a diabetic ... → rebound hypertension. Hydrochlorothiazide: May worsen diabetes; more likely to produce weakness, fatigue and impotenc
Last Answer : B. Enalapril
Description : Tricyclic antidepressants abolish the antihypertensive action of the following drug: A. Enalapril B. Clonidine C. Atenolol D. Diltiazem
Description : The following is a selective α2 adrenoceptor antagonist: A. Prazosin B. Phentolamine C. Yohimbine D. Clonidine
Last Answer : C. Yohimbine
Description : The α2 adrenoceptors are: A. Located exclusively on the adrenergic nerve endings B. Prejunctional, postjunctional as well as extrajunctional in location C. Selectively activated by phenylephrine D. Selectively blocked by clonidine
Last Answer : B. Prejunctional, postjunctional as well as extrajunctional in location
Description : The following is an α2 adrenergic agonist used as eyedrops to lower intraocular pressure: A. Brinzolamide B. Bambuterol C. Brimonidine D. Latanoprost
Last Answer : C. Brimonidine
Description : Interaction between the following pair of drugs can be avoided by making suitable adjustments: A. Levodopa and metoclopramide B. Furosemide and indomethacin C. Tetracyclines and ferrous sulfate D. Clonidine and chlorpromazine
Last Answer : C. Tetracyclines and ferrous sulfate
Description : The following is a selective α 2 adrenoceptor antagonist: A. Prazosin B. Phentolamine C. Yohimbine D. Clonidine
Description : The α 2 adrenoceptors are: A. Located exclusively on the adrenergic nerve endings B. Prejunctional, postjunctional as well as extrajunctional in location C. Selectively activated by phenylephrine D. Selectively blocked by clonidine
Description : The following is an α 2 adrenergic agonist used as eyedrops to lower intraocular pressure: A. Brinzolamide B. Bambuterol C. Brimonidine D. Latanoprost
Description : The following is true of loperamide except: A. It is absorbed from intestines and exerts centrally mediated antidiarrhoeal action B. It acts on the opioid receptors in the gut C. It increases ... of the intestines D. It inhibits intestinal secretion by binding to calmodulin in the mucosal cells
Last Answer : A. It is absorbed from intestines and exerts centrally mediated antidiarrhoeal action
Description : The opioid antidiarrhoeal drugs act by the following mechanism(s): A. They relax the intestinal smooth muscle B. They inhibit intestinal peristalsis C. They promote clearance of intestinal pathogens Aim4aiims.in D. All of the above
Last Answer : B. They inhibit intestinal peristalsis
Description : The following statement is true about endogenous opioid peptides: A. They activate only μ opioid recepors B. They do not occur in peripheral tissues C. They mediate stress induced analgesia D. Naloxone fails to antagonise their actio
Last Answer : C. They mediate stress induced analgesia