What is the definition of “good” cooling tower water?

What is the definition of “good” cooling tower water?
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Answer :

Generally speaking, cooling tower water should have a pH between 6 and 8, a chloride content no more  than 750 ppm, a sulfate content (SO4) below 1200 ppm, and a sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) content  below 200 ppm. Additionally, cooling tower water should not be heated past 120 °F to avoid plating out  of treatment chemicals in process coolers.
In addition, if free chlorine is used for biological growth control, it should be added intermittently with a  free residual not to exceed 1 ppm and this should be maintained for short periods.
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Related questions

Make up water is supplied during cooling tower operation to compensate for water losses due to (A) Evaporation(B) Blowdown(C) Entrainment(D) All (A), (B) & (C)

Description : Make up water is supplied during cooling tower operation to compensate for water losses due to (A) Evaporation (B) Blowdown (C) Entrainment (D) All (A), (B) & (C)

Last Answer : (D) All (A), (B) & (C)

Heat load in a cooling tower (A) Means the amount of heat thrown away (KCal/hr.) by the cooling tower (B) Is equal to the number of kg, of water circulated times the cooling range (C) Both (A) & (B) (D) Neither (A) nor (B)

Description : Heat load in a cooling tower (A) Means the amount of heat thrown away (KCal/hr.) by the cooling tower (B) Is equal to the number of kg, of water circulated times the cooling range (C) Both (A) & (B) (D) Neither (A) nor (B)

Last Answer : (C) Both (A) & (B)

The term "cooling range" in a cooling tower refers to the difference in the temperature of (A) Cold water leaving the tower and the wet bulb temperature of the surrounding air(B) Hot water entering the tower and the wet bulb temperature of thesurrounding air(C) Hot water entering the tower and the cooled water leaving the tower(D) None of these

Description : The term "cooling range" in a cooling tower refers to the difference in the temperature of (A) Cold water leaving the tower and the wet bulb temperature of the surrounding air (B) Hot water entering the ... air (C) Hot water entering the tower and the cooled water leaving the tower (D) None of these

Last Answer : (C) Hot water entering the tower and the cooled water leaving the tower

Make up water is required in a cooling tower to replace the water lost by (A) Evaporation (B) Drift (C) Blowdown and leakage (D) All (A), (B) and (C)

Description : Make up water is required in a cooling tower to replace the water lost by (A) Evaporation (B) Drift (C) Blowdown and leakage (D) All (A), (B) and (C)

Last Answer : (D) All (A), (B) and (C)

In a forced draft cooling tower, water is cooled from 95 to 80°F by exposure to air with a wet bulb temperature of 70°F. In this case, the (A) Range is 15°F (B) Approach is 10°F (C) Both (A) & (B) (D) Neither (A) nor (B)

Description : In a forced draft cooling tower, water is cooled from 95 to 80°F by exposure to air with a wet bulb temperature of 70°F. In this case, the (A) Range is 15°F (B) Approach is 10°F (C) Both (A) & (B) (D) Neither (A) nor (B)

Last Answer : (C) Both (A) & (B)

Can a cooling tower cool water below the wet bulb temperature of inlet air? (A) Yes (B) No (C) Yes; but height of cooling tower will be prohibitively high (D) Yes; but the air flow rate should be excessively high

Description : Can a cooling tower cool water below the wet bulb temperature of inlet air? (A) Yes (B) No (C) Yes; but height of cooling tower will be prohibitively high (D) Yes; but the air flow rate should be excessively high

Last Answer : (B) No

Pick out the wrong statement. (A) Different solids have different equilibrium moisture curves (B) Total condenser or reboiler is considered equivalent to one theoretical plate in McCabe-Thiele method of theoretical plate calculation for distillation column (C) Heat removal load on cooler remains constant, even with increase of the reflux ratio in a distillation column (D) Even a forced draft cooling tower cannot cool water below the wet bulb temperature

Description : Pick out the wrong statement. (A) Different solids have different equilibrium moisture curves (B) Total condenser or reboiler is considered equivalent to one theoretical plate in McCabe-Thiele method of ... (D) Even a forced draft cooling tower cannot cool water below the wet bulb temperature

Last Answer : (C) Heat removal load on cooler remains constant, even with increase of the reflux ratio in a distillation column

Drift in a cooling tower is (A) The water entrained by the circulating air (B) Dependent on the water lost by evaporation (C) Desirable (D) All (A), (B) & (C)

Description : Drift in a cooling tower is (A) The water entrained by the circulating air (B) Dependent on the water lost by evaporation (C) Desirable (D) All (A), (B) & (C)

Last Answer : (A) The water entrained by the circulating air

The term "approach" in a cooling tower refers to the difference in the temperature of the (A) Cold water leaving the tower and the wet bulb temperature of the surrounding air (B) Hot water entering the tower and the wet bulb temperature of the surrounding air (C) Hot water entering and the cooled water leaving the cooling tower (D) None of these

Description : The term "approach" in a cooling tower refers to the difference in the temperature of the (A) Cold water leaving the tower and the wet bulb temperature of the surrounding air (B ... (C) Hot water entering and the cooled water leaving the cooling tower (D) None of these

Last Answer : (A) Cold water leaving the tower and the wet bulb temperature of the surrounding air

The temperature of water cooled in cooling tower is always __________ temperature of entering air. (A) More than the wet bulb (B) Less than the wet bulb (C) Equal to the wet bulb (D) Equal to the dry bulb

Description : The temperature of water cooled in cooling tower is always __________ temperature of entering air. (A) More than the wet bulb (B) Less than the wet bulb (C) Equal to the wet bulb (D) Equal to the dry bulb

Last Answer : (A) More than the wet bulb

Blowdown in a cooling tower (A) Means discarding a small fraction of circulating water to prevent and limit the concentration of salt and impurities (B) Increases the scale forming tendencies of water (C) Is undesirable (D) All (A), (B) & (C)

Description : Blowdown in a cooling tower (A) Means discarding a small fraction of circulating water to prevent and limit the concentration of salt and impurities (B) Increases the scale forming tendencies of water (C) Is undesirable (D) All (A), (B) & (C)

Last Answer : (A) Means discarding a small fraction of circulating water to prevent and limit the concentration of salt and impurities

In a cooling tower, water becomes cool by (A) Loosing sensible heat (B) Heat transfer to surroundings (C) Vaporisation due to heat loss to air (D) Loosing latent heat

Description : In a cooling tower, water becomes cool by (A) Loosing sensible heat (B) Heat transfer to surroundings (C) Vaporisation due to heat loss to air (D) Loosing latent heat

Last Answer : (A) Loosing sensible heat

The minimum temperature to which the water can be cooled in a cooling tower is the __________ temperature of air. (A) Ambient (B) Dry bulb (C) Dew point (D) Wet bulb

Description : The minimum temperature to which the water can be cooled in a cooling tower is the __________ temperature of air. (A) Ambient (B) Dry bulb (C) Dew point (D) Wet bulb

Last Answer : C) Dew point

In a forced draft cooling tower, water is cooled from 95 to 80°F by exposure to air with a wet bulb temperature of 70°F. In this case, the (A) Range is 15°F (B) Approach is 10°F (C) Both (A) & (B) (D) Neither (A) nor (B)

Description : In a forced draft cooling tower, water is cooled from 95 to 80°F by exposure to air with a wet bulb temperature of 70°F. In this case, the (A) Range is 15°F (B) Approach is 10°F (C) Both (A) & (B) (D) Neither (A) nor (B)

Last Answer : (C) Both (A) & (B)

Minimum temperature upto which water can be theoretically cooled down in the cooling tower by evaporative cooling is equal to the __________ temperature of air. (A) Wet bulb (B) Dry bulb (C) Saturation (D) Dew point

Description : Minimum temperature upto which water can be theoretically cooled down in the cooling tower by evaporative cooling is equal to the __________ temperature of air. (A) Wet bulb (B) Dry bulb (C) Saturation (D) Dew point

Last Answer : Option A

How much water is lost through a commercial cooling tower system with a throughput of about 600 GPM?

Description : How much water is lost through a commercial cooling tower system with a throughput of about 600 GPM?

Last Answer : This question depends on many factors. It sounds like the tower is small. A rule of thumb suggests that the tower will see an evaporation loss of about 0.1% of the circulation flowrate for each ... and blow down. Blow down is simply a purge of tower water to prohibit the buildup of solids.

The equipment frequently used for adiabatic humidification-cooling operation with recirculating liquid is (A) Natural draft cooling tower (B) Induced draft cooling tower (C) Spray chamber (D) None of these

Description : The equipment frequently used for adiabatic humidification-cooling operation with recirculating liquid is (A) Natural draft cooling tower (B) Induced draft cooling tower (C) Spray chamber (D) None of these

Last Answer : (C) Spray chamber

When the temperature and humidity of air is low, we usually use __________ draft cooling tower. (A) Natural (B) Forced (C) Induced (D) None of these

Description : When the temperature and humidity of air is low, we usually use __________ draft cooling tower. (A) Natural (B) Forced (C) Induced (D) None of these

Last Answer : (A) Natural

A packed tower compared to a plate tower for a particular mass transfer operation (A) Incurs smaller pressure drop (B) Allows installation of cooling coils (C) Is less costly when built in large sizes/diameters (D) Is more suitable, if suspended solids are present in fluid stream

Description : A packed tower compared to a plate tower for a particular mass transfer operation (A) Incurs smaller pressure drop (B) Allows installation of cooling coils (C) Is less costly when built in large sizes/diameters (D) Is more suitable, if suspended solids are present in fluid stream

Last Answer : (A) Incurs smaller pressure drop

__________ number indicates the ratio of the rates of the heat and mass transfer incase of a cooling tower. (A) Sherwood (B) Stanton (C) Lewis (D) Peclet

Description : __________ number indicates the ratio of the rates of the heat and mass transfer incase of a cooling tower. (A) Sherwood (B) Stanton (C) Lewis (D) Peclet

Last Answer : (C) Lewis

Which of the following employs an accessory known as 'drift eliminator'? (A) Multiple effect evaporator (B) Mechanical draft cooling tower (C) Rotary dryer (D) Rotating disc contacto

Description : Which of the following employs an accessory known as 'drift eliminator'? (A) Multiple effect evaporator (B) Mechanical draft cooling tower (C) Rotary dryer (D) Rotating disc contacto

Last Answer : (B) Mechanical draft cooling tower

Use of natural draft cooling tower is practised, when the air has low (A) Humidity (B) Temperature (C) Both 'a' & 'b' (D) Neither 'a' nor 'b'

Description : Use of natural draft cooling tower is practised, when the air has low (A) Humidity (B) Temperature (C) Both 'a' & 'b' (D) Neither 'a' nor 'b'

Last Answer : (C) Both 'a' & 'b

The most efficient cooling tower out of the following is (A) Induced draft (B) Forced draft (C) Natural draft (D) Atmospheric

Description : The most efficient cooling tower out of the following is (A) Induced draft (B) Forced draft (C) Natural draft (D) Atmospheric

Last Answer : (A) Induced draft

The cooling effect in a cooling tower cannot be increased by (A) Increasing the air velocity over the wet surfaces (B) Reducing the humidity of entering air (C) Lowering the barometric pressure (D) None of these

Description : The cooling effect in a cooling tower cannot be increased by (A) Increasing the air velocity over the wet surfaces (B) Reducing the humidity of entering air (C) Lowering the barometric pressure (D) None of these

Last Answer : (D) None of these

Pick out the wrong statement pertaining to the cooling towers. (A) In case of induced draft cooling tower, the fan is placed at the top of the tower (B) Effectiveness of forced draft cooling tower is reduced by the recirculation of the humid and hot discharged air (C) A natural draft cooling tower is recommended to be used, when the air humidity is low and air temperature is also low (D) Effectiveness of a mechanical draft cooling tower is reduced with increase in air wet-bulb temperature

Description : Pick out the wrong statement pertaining to the cooling towers. (A) In case of induced draft cooling tower, the fan is placed at the top of the tower (B) Effectiveness of ... Effectiveness of a mechanical draft cooling tower is reduced with increase in air wet-bulb temperature

Last Answer : (D) Effectiveness of a mechanical draft cooling tower is reduced with increase in air wet-bulb temperature

A natural draft cooling tower is filled with wooden grids, which covers about __________ percent of the tower height. (A) 10-15 (B) 30-40 (C) 70-80 (D) 90-100

Description : A natural draft cooling tower is filled with wooden grids, which covers about __________ percent of the tower height. (A) 10-15 (B) 30-40 (C) 70-80 (D) 90-100

Last Answer : (A) 10-15

The cooling effect in a cooling tower can be speeded up by (A) Increasing the air velocity and area of exposed wet surface (B) Reducing the barometric pressure (C) Reducing the humidity of the air (D) All (A), (B) and (C)

Description : The cooling effect in a cooling tower can be speeded up by (A) Increasing the air velocity and area of exposed wet surface (B) Reducing the barometric pressure (C) Reducing the humidity of the air (D) All (A), (B) and (C)

Last Answer : (D) All (A), (B) and (C)

Noise produced by cooling fans (employed in air cooled heat exchangers or cooling tower) is mainly caused due to the turbulence created by blade passage through air. It can be reduced by use of a slower fan (A) With greater number of blades (B) Of increased diameter (C) Both (A) & (B) (D) Neither (A) nor (B)

Description : Noise produced by cooling fans (employed in air cooled heat exchangers or cooling tower) is mainly caused due to the turbulence created by blade passage through air. It can be reduced by use of a slower fan (A) With greater ... (B) Of increased diameter (C) Both (A) & (B) (D) Neither (A) nor (B)

Last Answer : (C) Both (A) & (B)

'Flare tower' used in industry is meant for (A) Venting off (after burning) the excess inflammable/toxic gases at high pressure (B) Absorbing the pollutant gases from the furnace exhaust (C) Cooling of furnace exhaust gases (D) None of these

Description : 'Flare tower' used in industry is meant for (A) Venting off (after burning) the excess inflammable/toxic gases at high pressure (B) Absorbing the pollutant gases from the furnace exhaust (C) Cooling of furnace exhaust gases (D) None of these

Last Answer : (A) Venting off (after burning) the excess inflammable/toxic gases at high pressure

What factors should be compared when evaluating cooling tower bids?

Description : What factors should be compared when evaluating cooling tower bids?

Last Answer : Examining the following factors should allow for a reasonable evaluation of cooling towers: 1) Purchased cost 2) Installed cost 3) Fan energy consumption 4) Pump energy consumption 5) ... maintenance costs 8) Worker safety requirements 9) Environmental safety 10) Expected service life

What could be a possible cause for sudden foaming in a cooling tower?

Description : What could be a possible cause for sudden foaming in a cooling tower?

Last Answer : Assuming that no other changes have been made, especially to the water treatment chemicals, the most common outcome to this mystery is a leaking heat exchanger. Begin a systematic check of all of ... in the tower. In addition, not all of these components will set off a conductivity alarm

IS there a rule of thumb to estimate the footprint of a cooling tower during design phase?

Description : IS there a rule of thumb to estimate the footprint of a cooling tower during design phase?

Last Answer : Over the years, this one has seemed to stand the test of time: Every million Btu/h of tower capacity will require approximately 1000 ft2 of cooling tower basin area.

When specifying a cooling tower, should I look up historic wet bulb temperatures for my area or should I take measurements?

Description : When specifying a cooling tower, should I look up historic wet bulb temperatures for my area or should I take measurements?

Last Answer : If this is a new installation, look up historical wet bulb temperatures for area and be sure to report them to the cooling tower manufacturer as ambient wet bulb temperatures . The ... the tower entrance. The entering wet bulb temperature always higher than the ambient wet bulb temperature.

The cooling tower uses the phenomenon of evaporative cooling to cool warm water above the dbt of air. A. true B. false

Description : The cooling tower uses the phenomenon of evaporative cooling to cool warm water above the dbt of air. A. true B. false

Last Answer : ANSWER : B

Which among the following are the components of natural draft cooling tower a) Supply basin b) reinforced concrete c) Hot water distribution d) none of the above

Description : Which among the following are the components of natural draft cooling tower a) Supply basin b) reinforced concrete c) Hot water distribution d) none of the above

Last Answer : reinforced concrete

The ratio of dissolved solids in circulating water to the dissolved solids in makeup water is called a) Liquid gas ratio b) Cycle of concentration c) Cooling tower effectiveness d) None of the above

Description : The ratio of dissolved solids in circulating water to the dissolved solids in makeup water is called a) Liquid gas ratio b) Cycle of concentration c) Cooling tower effectiveness d) None of the above

Last Answer : Cycle of concentration

Which one of the following is true to estimate the range of cooling tower? a) Range = cooling water inlet temperature – wet bulb temperature b) Range = cooling water outlet temperature – wet bulb temperature c) Range = heat load in kcal per hour / water circulation in lines per hour d) None of the above

Description : Which one of the following is true to estimate the range of cooling tower? a) Range = cooling water inlet temperature - wet bulb temperature b) Range = cooling water outlet temperature - wet bulb temperature ... = heat load in kcal per hour / water circulation in lines per hour d) None of the above

Last Answer : Range = heat load in kcal per hour / water circulation in lines per hour

In which system is Cooling of hot water is done on tray as step by? a) Mechanical draught cooling system b) Hyperbolic cooling tower c) Atmospheric cooling tower d) Wet cooling tower

Description : In which system is Cooling of hot water is done on tray as step by? a) Mechanical draught cooling system b) Hyperbolic cooling tower c) Atmospheric cooling tower d) Wet cooling tower

Last Answer : Atmospheric cooling tower

Which of the following is the simplest method of cooling the condenser water? • Spray cooling pond • Cooling tower • Indirect air cooling • Hyperbolic cooling tower

Description : Which of the following is the simplest method of cooling the condenser water? • Spray cooling pond • Cooling tower • Indirect air cooling • Hyperbolic cooling tower

Last Answer : Spray cooling pond

In which system is Cooling of hot water is done on tray as step by? a. Mechanical draught cooling system b. Hyperbolic cooling tower c. Atmospheric cooling tower d. Wet cooling tower

Description : In which system is Cooling of hot water is done on tray as step by? a. Mechanical draught cooling system b. Hyperbolic cooling tower c. Atmospheric cooling tower d. Wet cooling tower

Last Answer : Atmospheric cooling tower

L/G ratio in a cooling tower is a ratio of _____. • Length and girth • Length and temperature gradient • Water flow rate and air mass flow rate • Air mass flow rate and water flow rate

Description : L/G ratio in a cooling tower is a ratio of _____. • Length and girth • Length and temperature gradient • Water flow rate and air mass flow rate • Air mass flow rate and water flow rate

Last Answer : Water flow rate and air mass flow rate

The ratio of dissolved solids in circulating water to dissolved solids in makeup water is called. • Liquid gas ratio • Cycle of concentration • Cooling tower effectiveness • None of the above

Description : The ratio of dissolved solids in circulating water to dissolved solids in makeup water is called. • Liquid gas ratio • Cycle of concentration • Cooling tower effectiveness • None of the above

Last Answer : Cycle of concentration

The ……….-induced response of cooling tower is the key factor to improve safety and to reduce tower crack. a) wind c) heat b) water d) steam

Description : The ……….-induced response of cooling tower is the key factor to improve safety and to reduce tower crack. a) wind c) heat b) water d) steam

Last Answer : wind

. In which system is Cooling of hot water is done on tray as step by? a) Mechanical draught cooling system b) Hyperbolic cooling tower c) Atmospheric cooling tower d) Wet cooling tower

Description : . In which system is Cooling of hot water is done on tray as step by? a) Mechanical draught cooling system b) Hyperbolic cooling tower c) Atmospheric cooling tower d) Wet cooling tower

Last Answer : Atmospheric cooling tower

In ________ cooling tower there is no direct contact between the water and Air. • Dry type • Evaporative type • Once through • All of the above

Description : In ________ cooling tower there is no direct contact between the water and Air. • Dry type • Evaporative type • Once through • All of the above

Last Answer : All of the above

The pollutants that are present depend on __________ building material, as well. • Cooling tower • Water tower • Steam tower • Fire tower

Description : The pollutants that are present depend on __________ building material, as well. • Cooling tower • Water tower • Steam tower • Fire tower

Last Answer : cooling water

How do you service a cooling tower? • Ensure Proper Airflow. . Clean Your Tubes. • Inspect the Water Pump. • All of above

Description : How do you service a cooling tower? • Ensure Proper Airflow. . Clean Your Tubes. • Inspect the Water Pump. • All of above

Last Answer : all of above

. How can we increase the efficiency of a cooling tower? a. Save energy. b. Reduce the amount of water being consumed. c. Decrease the amount of chemicals required for water treatment. d. All of above

Description : . How can we increase the efficiency of a cooling tower? a. Save energy. b. Reduce the amount of water being consumed. c. Decrease the amount of chemicals required for water treatment. d. All of above

Last Answer : All of above

A ______ is a specialized heat exchanger in which air and water are brought into direct contact with each otherin order to reduce the water's temperature. a. Cooling tower b. Heating tower c. Both d. All are wrong

Description : A ______ is a specialized heat exchanger in which air and water are brought into direct contact with each otherin order to reduce the water's temperature. a. Cooling tower b. Heating tower c. Both d. All are wrong

Last Answer : cooling tower

How do you service a cooling tower? • Ensure Proper Airflow. Clean Your Tubes. • Inspect the Water Pump. • All of above

Description : How do you service a cooling tower? • Ensure Proper Airflow. Clean Your Tubes. • Inspect the Water Pump. • All of above

Last Answer : All of above