The external load per unit length of
(A) A pipe laid on, or projecting above the undisturbed ground and covered with fills, is
proportional to the square of the external diameter of the pipe
(B) A flexible pipe buried in narrow trenches and thoroughly compacted side fills, is proportional
to the product of the width of the trench and diameter of the pipe
(C) A rigid pipe buried in a narrow trenches and thoroughly compacted side fills, is proportional
to the square of the width of the trench
(D) All the above