Question

Explain any one method for preparation of small pox vaccine.

Answer 1

Small pox vaccine is prepared by two methods : By using animals and by using Eggs

1) By using animals:

Animal: calves or Sheep.

Selection of animal: healthy, non-diseased, animal kept for 10 to 14 days under observation.

Scarification: Abdominal part & flanks parts shaved and disinfected.

Inoculation: light incision made in the cleared skin without drawing blood with scarifies.

Then area is rubbed with some seeds vaccine of known potency.

Incubation: 7-9 days, pustule formed at lining.

Collection of virus: Animal operated and killed, the material in pustules is withdrawn in aseptic condition.

Purification: pustules + glycerin mixed and stored at -100C to remove impurities.

Filling sealing and storage: filled in final container under aseptic condition and freeze drying.

2) By using Eggs:

Hen egg is used

(Which is incubated after 12 days)

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Small cut on the shell

(exposed chorio-allantoic membrane)

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In this membrane, viruses are inoculated

(by seed of known potency )

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Cut was sealed by flap or paraffin wax

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Again incubate for 72 hours

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Using aseptic condition, shell is removed and chorio-allantoic membrane is

separated

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Contents are added in normal saline solution at 0° ↓

Add 50 % glycerin

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Material is ground to produce homogenized suspension.

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Transfer to suitable sterile container and freeze dried