Give any two applications of simple distillation.Describe method of separation of two immiscible liquids.

Give any two applications of simple distillation.Describe method of separation of two immiscible liquids.
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Applications of simple distillation(0.5 ×2)

1) Preparation of distilled water and water for injection.

2)Recovery of alcohol in preparation of dry extracts

3)Many volatile oils and aromatic waters are prepared by simple distillation.

4)Many official preparations are prepared by distillation, eg spirits of nitrous ether and Aromatic spirit of ammonia.

5)Concentration of liquid and to separate non-volatile solid from volatile liquids such as alcohol and ether.


Method of separation of two immiscible liquids.

• In case of immiscible liquids , each liquid exerts its own vapour pressure & neither liquid has any appreciable effect on the vapour pressure of the other.A mixture of immiscible liquids begins to boil, when sum of their vapour pressure is equal to atmospheric Pressure.

• Thus in case of water & liquid which boils at much higher temp. than water, the mixture boils below the boiling point of pure water

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Separation of immiscible liquid is carried out by steam distillation.

• The apparatus consists of steam generator , still , condenser , receiver. In steam distillation process, a current of steam is passed through a immiscible liquids in a still at boiling point of water.

• The mixed vapour from still ( steam vapour& immiscible liquid ) vapour are condensed & mixed distillate is collected. The distillate consists of water & immiscible liquid in suitable proportion

• The distillate can be collected in Florentine receiver for separation of oil & water.

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