The 'new formula' WHO-ORS differs from the older 'standard formula' WHO-ORS in the following respect(s): A. It has lower Na+ ion and glucose concentration B. It has higher K+ ion concentration C. It has no basic salt D. Both 'B' and 'C' are correct

The 'new formula' WHO-ORS differs from the older
'standard formula' WHO-ORS in the following
respect(s):
A. It has lower Na+
 ion and glucose concentration
B. It has higher K+ ion concentration
C. It has no basic salt
D. Both 'B' and 'C' are correct
by

1 Answer

Answer :

A. It has lower Na+
 ion and glucose concentration
by

Related questions

The following is true of 'new formula' WHO-ORS: A. It has Na+ ion concentration of 75 mM/L B. Its glucose concentration is 75 mM/L C. Its total osmolarity is 245 mOsm/L D. All of the above are correct

Description : The following is true of 'new formula' WHO-ORS: A. It has Na+ ion concentration of 75 mM/L B. Its glucose concentration is 75 mM/L C. Its total osmolarity is 245 mOsm/L D. All of the above are correct

Last Answer : D. All of the above are correct

For optimum rehydration, the molar concentration of glucose in ORS should be: A. Equal to or somewhat higher than the molar concentration of Na+ B. Somewhat lower than molar concentration of Na+ C. One third the molar concentration of Na+ D. Three times the molar concentration of Na+

Description : For optimum rehydration, the molar concentration of glucose in ORS should be: A. Equal to or somewhat higher than the molar concentration of Na+ B. Somewhat lower than molar concentration of Na+ C. One third the molar concentration of Na+ D. Three times the molar concentration of Na+

Last Answer : A. Equal to or somewhat higher than the molar concentration of Na

hat is/are the consequence(s) of myocardial Na+ K+ ATPase inhibition by digoxin: A. Increased intracellular Na+ ion concentration B. Increased cytosolic Ca2+ ion concentration C. Increased intracellular K+ ion concentration D. Both ‘A’ and ‘B’ are correct

Description : hat is/are the consequence(s) of myocardial Na+ K+ ATPase inhibition by digoxin: A. Increased intracellular Na+ ion concentration B. Increased cytosolic Ca2+ ion concentration C. Increased intracellular K+ ion concentration D. Both ‘A’ and ‘B’ are correct

Last Answer : D. Both ‘A’ and ‘B’ are correct

Morphine analgesia differs from that produced by aspirin in the following respect(s): A. It has a higher ceiling B. It covers both perception as well as psychic processing of the pain C. Visceral and ischaemic pain is relieved better than somatic inflammatory pain D. All of the above are correct

Description : Morphine analgesia differs from that produced by aspirin in the following respect(s): A. It has a higher ceiling B. It covers both perception as well as psychic processing of the pain C. Visceral and ischaemic pain is relieved better than somatic inflammatory pain D. All of the above are correct

Last Answer : D. All of the above are correct

Procainamide differs from quinidine in the following respect(s): A. It does not cause paradoxical tachycardia B. It has no α adrenergic blocking activity C. It has little antivagal action D. Both ‘B’ and ‘C’ are correct

Description : Procainamide differs from quinidine in the following respect(s): A. It does not cause paradoxical tachycardia B. It has no α adrenergic blocking activity C. It has little antivagal action D. Both ‘B’ and ‘C’ are correct

Last Answer : D. Both ‘B’ and ‘C’ are correct

Amiloride has the following effect on urinary cation excretion: A. Decreases both K+ and H+ ion excretion B. Decreases K+ excretion but increases H+ ion excretion C. Increases K+ but decreases Na+ excretion D. Decreases both Na+ and K+ excretion

Description : Amiloride has the following effect on urinary cation excretion: A. Decreases both K+ and H+ ion excretion B. Decreases K+ excretion but increases H+ ion excretion C. Increases K+ but decreases Na+ excretion D. Decreases both Na+ and K+ excretion

Last Answer : A. Decreases both K+ and H+ ion excretion

Piperacillin differs from carbenicillin in the following respect(s): A. It is more active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa B. It is active against Klebsiella as well C. It is acid resistant D. Both ‘A’ and ‘B’ are correct

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Last Answer : D. Both ‘A’ and ‘B’ are correct

Procainamide differs from quinidine in the following respect(s): A. It does not cause paradoxical tachycardia B. It has no α adrenergic blocking activity C. It has little antivagal action D. Both ‘B’ and ‘C’ are corre

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Last Answer : D. Both ‘B’ and ‘C’ are correct

As per WHO guidelines, treatment of failure or relapse (category II) patients of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis differs from that of new cases in the following respect(s): A. All 5 first line antitubercular drugs are given in the initial intensive phase B. Duration of intensive phase is increased to 5 months C. Three drugs (HRE) are given in the continuation phase instead of two (HR) D. Both 'A' and 'C'

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Last Answer : D. Both 'A' and 'C'

There are two properties of the cell necessary to maintain nonequilibrium cellular composition; the first is selectivity and the second is energy conversion. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning energy converting transport? a. The site of energy conversion and transport in the plasma membrane involves the phospholipid component b. The Na+-K++-ATPase derives energy from hydrolysis of extracellular ATP c. In some systems, energy inherent in the transmembrane ion gradient can be used to drive transport of a second species d. Examples of species transported via secondary active transport include hydrogen ions, calcium, amino acids and glucose

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Last Answer : Answer: c, d The selectivity of the plasma membrane, although impressive, cannot account for the nonequilibrium composition of living cells. A cell can be maintained in a nonequilibrium state only by ... to drive the transport of a second species such as protons, calcium, amino acids, or glucose

Ropinirole differs from bromocriptine in the following respect: A. It does not directly activate dopamine D2 receptors B. It produces milder gastrointestinal side effects C. In early cases of parkinsonism, it is less likely to need levodopa supplementation D. Both 'B' and 'C' are correct

Description : Ropinirole differs from bromocriptine in the following respect: A. It does not directly activate dopamine D2 receptors B. It produces milder gastrointestinal side effects C. In early cases of parkinsonism, it is less likely to need levodopa supplementation D. Both 'B' and 'C' are correct

Last Answer : D. Both 'B' and 'C' are correct

Venlafaxine differs from standard tricyclic antidepressants in that it: A. Does not inhibit 5-HT reuptake B. Does not inhibit noradrenaline reuptake C. Does not have anticholinergic or antiadrenergic property D. Has lower antidepressant efficacy

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Last Answer : C. Does not have anticholinergic or antiadrenergic property

Vincristine differs from vinblastine in the following respect(s): A. Its prominent adverse effect is neuropathy B. It frequently produces alopecia C. It does not significantly depress bone marrow D. All of the above

Description : Vincristine differs from vinblastine in the following respect(s): A. Its prominent adverse effect is neuropathy B. It frequently produces alopecia C. It does not significantly depress bone marrow D. All of the above

Last Answer : D. All of the above

Entacapone differs from tolcapone in the following respect/respects: A. It is shorter acting B. It acts only by inhibiting peripheral metabolism of levodopa C. It is not hepatotoxic D. All of the above are correct

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Last Answer : D. All of the above are correct

Triamterene differs from spironolactone in that: A. It has greater natriuretic action B. Its K+ retaining action is not dependent on presence of aldosterone C. It acts from the luminal membrane side of the distal tubular cells D. Both ‘B’ and ‘C’ are correct

Description : Triamterene differs from spironolactone in that: A. It has greater natriuretic action B. Its K+ retaining action is not dependent on presence of aldosterone C. It acts from the luminal membrane side of the distal tubular cells D. Both ‘B’ and ‘C’ are correct

Last Answer : D. Both ‘B’ and ‘C’ are correct

Which ion is found in greater concentration inside the cell a. K b. Na c. Cl d. HCO3

Description : Which ion is found in greater concentration inside the cell a. K b. Na c. Cl d. HCO3

Last Answer : K

Which ion is found in greater concentration outside the cell a. K b. Na c. Cl d. HCO3

Description : Which ion is found in greater concentration outside the cell a. K b. Na c. Cl d. HCO3

Last Answer : Na

Compared to older tetracyclines, doxycycline produces a lower incidence of superinfection diarrhoea because: A. It is completely absorbed in the small intestines so that drug concentration in the colonic contents is low B. It is inactivated by the gut microflora C. It is not active against the microbes of the normal gut flora D. It is a potent tetracycline and inhibits

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Last Answer : A. It is completely absorbed in the small intestines so that drug concentration in the colonic contents is low

Potassium therapy tends to counteract the cardiac toxicity of digitalis by: A. Reducing the affinity of sarcolemal Na+ K+ATPase for digitalis B. Suppressing ectopic automaticity enhanced by digitalis C. Promoting A-V conduction D. Both 'A' and 'B' are correct

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Last Answer : D. Both 'A' and 'B' are correct

Ranitidine differs from cimetidine in the following respect: A. It is less potent B. It is shorter acting C. It does not have antiandrogenic action D. It produces more CNS side effect

Description : Ranitidine differs from cimetidine in the following respect: A. It is less potent B. It is shorter acting C. It does not have antiandrogenic action D. It produces more CNS side effect

Last Answer : C. It does not have antiandrogenic action

Methyldopa differs from clonidine in the following respect: A. It is less likely to cause rebound hypertension on sudden discontinuation B. It does not reduce plasma renin activity C. It has a central as well as peripheral site of antihypertensive action D. It does not produce central side effect

Description : Methyldopa differs from clonidine in the following respect: A. It is less likely to cause rebound hypertension on sudden discontinuation B. It does not reduce plasma renin activity C. It has a central as well as peripheral site of antihypertensive action D. It does not produce central side effect

Last Answer : A. It is less likely to cause rebound hypertension on sudden discontinuation

The need to produce concentrated urine is detected in the brain is due to the increase in the concentration of (a) Glucose in the blood (b) K+ in the blood (c) Na+ in the blood (d) Carbonic acid in the blood

Description : The need to produce concentrated urine is detected in the brain is due to the increase in the concentration of (a) Glucose in the blood (b) K+ in the blood (c) Na+ in the blood (d) Carbonic acid in the blood

Last Answer : Ans:(c)

e primary mechanism by which general anaesthetics produce their action is: A. Affecting receptor operated ion channels in cerebral neurones B. Blocking voltage sensitive Na+ channels in neuronal membrane C. Depressing metabolic activity of cerebral neurones D. Blocking production of high energy phosphates in the brain

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Last Answer : A. Affecting receptor operated ion channels in cerebral neurones

At the muscle end-plate, d-tubocurarine reduces the: A. Number of Na+ channels B. Duration for which the Na+ channels remain open C. Ion conductance of the open Na+ channel D. Frequency of Na+ channel opening

Description : At the muscle end-plate, d-tubocurarine reduces the: A. Number of Na+ channels B. Duration for which the Na+ channels remain open C. Ion conductance of the open Na+ channel D. Frequency of Na+ channel opening

Last Answer : D. Frequency of Na+ channel opening

Cyclic nucleotides exert the following action on salt transport across intestinal mucosal cells: A. Both cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP enhance Cland HCO3 – secretion B. Cyclic AMP enhances but cyclic GMP inhibits Cl– and HCO3 – secretion C. Cyclic AMP inhibits but cyclic GMP enhances Na+ and Cl– reabsorption D. Both cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP enhance Na+ and Cl– reabsorption

Description : Cyclic nucleotides exert the following action on salt transport across intestinal mucosal cells: A. Both cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP enhance Cland HCO3 - secretion B. Cyclic AMP enhances but cyclic GMP ... Cl- reabsorption D. Both cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP enhance Na+ and Cl- reabsorption

Last Answer : A. Both cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP enhance Cland HCO3 – secreti

Choose the correct statement about nateglinide: A. It is a long acting oral hypoglycaemic drug B. Taken just before a meal, it limits postprandial hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus C. It lowers blood glucose in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus D. It acts by opening K+ channels in myocytes and adipocytes

Description : Choose the correct statement about nateglinide: A. It is a long acting oral hypoglycaemic drug B. Taken just before a meal, it limits postprandial hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus C. It lowers ... 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus D. It acts by opening K+ channels in myocytes and adipocytes

Last Answer : B. Taken just before a meal, it limits postprandial hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus

The positive inotropic action of digoxin takes several hours to develop because: A. Binding of digoxin to Na+K+ATPase is slow B. After Na+K+ATPase inhibition by digoxin, Ca2+ loading of myocardial fibres occurs progressively with each contraction C. Digoxin inhibits Na+K+ATPase through modification of gene function which takes time D. Both ‘A’ and ‘B’ are correc

Description : The positive inotropic action of digoxin takes several hours to develop because: A. Binding of digoxin to Na+K+ATPase is slow B. After Na+K+ATPase inhibition by digoxin, Ca2+ loading of myocardial ... +ATPase through modification of gene function which takes time D. Both A' and B' are correc

Last Answer : D. Both ‘A’ and ‘B’ are correct

Fluphenazine differs from chlorpromazine in the following respects except: A. It has higher antipsychotic efficacy B. It is less sedative C. It is less likely to precipitate seizures in epileptics D. It causes more prominent extrapyramidal side effect

Description : Fluphenazine differs from chlorpromazine in the following respects except: A. It has higher antipsychotic efficacy B. It is less sedative C. It is less likely to precipitate seizures in epileptics D. It causes more prominent extrapyramidal side effect

Last Answer : A. It has higher antipsychotic efficacy

The following is not true of quinidine: A. It blocks myocardial Na+ channels primarily in the open state B. It has no effect on myocardial K+ channels C. It produces frequency dependent blockade of myocardial Na+ channels D. It delays recovery of myocardial Na+ channels

Description : The following is not true of quinidine: A. It blocks myocardial Na+ channels primarily in the open state B. It has no effect on myocardial K+ channels C. It produces frequency dependent blockade of myocardial Na+ channels D. It delays recovery of myocardial Na+ channels

Last Answer : B. It has no effect on myocardial K+ channels

Compared with intracellular fluid, extracellular fluid has, a. a greater osmolarity b. a higher protein concentration c. a lower chloride ion concentration d. a lower hydrogen ion concentration

Description : Compared with intracellular fluid, extracellular fluid has, a. a greater osmolarity b. a higher protein concentration c. a lower chloride ion concentration d. a lower hydrogen ion concentration

Last Answer : a lower hydrogen ion concentration

Pick up the incorrect statement from the following: (A) The pH value of water indicates the logarithm of reciprocal of hydrogen ion concentration in water (B) Higher value of pH means lower hydrogen ion concentration (C) Lower value of pH means higher hydrogen ion contraction (D) Lower value of pH gives alkaline solution

Description : Pick up the incorrect statement from the following:  (A) The pH value of water indicates the logarithm of reciprocal of hydrogen ion concentration in  water  (B) Higher value of pH ... value of pH means higher hydrogen ion contraction  (D) Lower value of pH gives alkaline solution 

Last Answer : (D) Lower value of pH gives alkaline solution 

Pentazocine differs from morphine in that: A. It is inactive by the oral route B. It does not produce physical dependence C. It has a lower ceiling of analgesic effect D. Its action is not blocked by naloxone

Description : Pentazocine differs from morphine in that: A. It is inactive by the oral route B. It does not produce physical dependence C. It has a lower ceiling of analgesic effect D. Its action is not blocked by naloxone

Last Answer : C. It has a lower ceiling of analgesic effec

Epidural anaesthesia differs from spinal anaesthesia in that: A. Epidural anaesthesia produces less cardiovascular complications B. Headache is more common after epidural anaesthesia C. Blood concentrations of the local anaesthetic are lower after epidural anaesthesia D. Greater separation between sensory and motor blockade can be obtained with epidural anaesthes

Description : Epidural anaesthesia differs from spinal anaesthesia in that: A. Epidural anaesthesia produces less cardiovascular complications B. Headache is more common after epidural anaesthesia C. Blood ... . Greater separation between sensory and motor blockade can be obtained with epidural anaesthes

Last Answer : D. Greater separation between sensory and motor blockade can be obtained with epidural anaesthesia

The success of oral rehydration therapy of diarrhoea depends upon the following process in the intestinal mucosa: A. Sodium pump mediated Na+ absorption B. Glucose coupled Na+ absorption C. Bicarbonate coupled Na+ absorption D. Passive Na+ diffusion secondary to nutrient absorption

Description : The success of oral rehydration therapy of diarrhoea depends upon the following process in the intestinal mucosa: A. Sodium pump mediated Na+ absorption B. Glucose coupled Na+ absorption C. Bicarbonate coupled Na+ absorption D. Passive Na+ diffusion secondary to nutrient absorption

Last Answer : B. Glucose coupled Na+ absorption

Diazoxide is an effective hypotensive, but is not used in the long-term treatment of hypertension because: A. It impairs glucose tolerance by inhibiting insulin release B. It inhibits uric acid excretion C. It causes marked Na+ and water retention leading to development of tolerance D. All of the above

Description : Diazoxide is an effective hypotensive, but is not used in the long-term treatment of hypertension because: A. It impairs glucose tolerance by inhibiting insulin release B. It inhibits uric acid ... causes marked Na+ and water retention leading to development of tolerance D. All of the above

Last Answer : D. All of the above

The fluoroquinolones have improved over nalidixic acid in the following respect(s): A. They have higher antimicrobial potency B. They have extended antimicrobial spectrum C. Development of bacterial resistance against them is slow and infrequent D. All of the above

Description : The fluoroquinolones have improved over nalidixic acid in the following respect(s): A. They have higher antimicrobial potency B. They have extended antimicrobial spectrum C. Development of bacterial resistance against them is slow and infrequent D. All of the above

Last Answer : D. All of the above

Gentamicin differs from streptomycin in that: A. It is less nephrotoxic B. It is used for pseudomonas infections C. It is not effective in tuberculosis D. Both ‘B’ and ‘C’ are correct

Description : Gentamicin differs from streptomycin in that: A. It is less nephrotoxic B. It is used for pseudomonas infections C. It is not effective in tuberculosis D. Both ‘B’ and ‘C’ are correct

Last Answer : D. Both ‘B’ and ‘C’ are correct

Hydroxocobalamin differs from cyanocobalamin in that: A. It is more protein bound and better retained B. It is beneficial in tobacco amblyopia C. It benefits haematological but not neurological manifestations of vit B12 deficiency D. Both ‘A’ and ‘B’ are correct

Description : Hydroxocobalamin differs from cyanocobalamin in that: A. It is more protein bound and better retained B. It is beneficial in tobacco amblyopia C. It benefits haematological but not neurological manifestations of vit B12 deficiency D. Both ‘A’ and ‘B’ are correct

Last Answer : C. It benefits haematological but not neurological manifestations of vit B12 deficiency

The following diuretic acts on the luminal membrane of distal tubule and collecting ducts to inhibit electrogenic Na+ reabsorption so that K+ excretion is diminished and bicarbonate excretion is enhanced: A. Xipamide B. Isosorbide C. Triamterene D. Spironolactone

Description : The following diuretic acts on the luminal membrane of distal tubule and collecting ducts to inhibit electrogenic Na+ reabsorption so that K+ excretion is diminished and bicarbonate excretion is enhanced: A. Xipamide B. Isosorbide C. Triamterene D. Spironolactone

Last Answer : C. Triamterene

Amiloride inhibits K+ excretion in the distal tubules and collecting ducts by blocking: A. Electrogenic K+ channels B. Electrogenic Na+ channels C. Nonelectrogenic Na+-Cl– symport D. H+K+ATPase

Description : Amiloride inhibits K+ excretion in the distal tubules and collecting ducts by blocking: A. Electrogenic K+ channels B. Electrogenic Na+ channels C. Nonelectrogenic Na+-Cl– symport D. H+K+ATPase

Last Answer : B. Electrogenic Na+ channels

Aldosterone increases Na+ reabsorption and K+ excretion in the renal collecting duct cells by: A. Inducing synthesis of Na+K+ATPase B. Inducing synthesis of amiloride sensitive Na+ channels C. Translocating Na+ channels from cytosolic site to luminal membrane D. All of the above

Description : Aldosterone increases Na+ reabsorption and K+ excretion in the renal collecting duct cells by: A. Inducing synthesis of Na+K+ATPase B. Inducing synthesis of amiloride sensitive Na+ channels C. Translocating Na+ channels from cytosolic site to luminal membrane D. All of the above

Last Answer : D. All of the above

Thiazide diuretics enhance K+ elimination in urine primarily by: A. Inhibiting proximal tubular K+ reabsorption B. Inhibiting Na+ K+-2Cl– cotransport in the ascending limb of loop of Henle C. Increasing the availability of Na+ in the distal tubular fluid to exchange with interstitial K+ D. Potentiating the action of aldosterone

Description : Thiazide diuretics enhance K+ elimination in urine primarily by: A. Inhibiting proximal tubular K+ reabsorption B. Inhibiting Na+ K+-2Cl- cotransport in the ascending limb of loop of Henle C ... in the distal tubular fluid to exchange with interstitial K+ D. Potentiating the action of aldosterone

Last Answer : C. Increasing the availability of Na+ in the distal tubular fluid to exchange with interstitial K

Furosemide acts by inhibiting the following in the renal tubular cell: A. Na+-K+-2Cl– cotransporter B. Na+-Cl– symporter C. Na+-H+ antiporter D. Na+ K+ ATPase

Description : Furosemide acts by inhibiting the following in the renal tubular cell: A. Na+-K+-2Cl– cotransporter B. Na+-Cl– symporter C. Na+-H+ antiporter D. Na+ K+ ATPase

Last Answer : A. Na+-K+-2Cl– cotransporter

Secretion of K+ in the late distal tubule and collecting ducts of kidney depends on: A. Intracellular K+ content B. Unabsorbed Na+ load presented to the distal segment C. Aldosterone level D. All of the above

Description : Secretion of K+ in the late distal tubule and collecting ducts of kidney depends on: A. Intracellular K+ content B. Unabsorbed Na+ load presented to the distal segment C. Aldosterone level D. All of the above

Last Answer : D. All of the above

The principal action common to all class I antiarrhythmic drugs is: A. Na+ channel blockade B. K+ channel opening C. Depression of impulse conduction D. Prolongation of effective refractory period

Description : The principal action common to all class I antiarrhythmic drugs is: A. Na+ channel blockade B. K+ channel opening C. Depression of impulse conduction D. Prolongation of effective refractory period

Last Answer : A. Na+ channel blockade

Aldosterone enhances Na+ reabsorption in renal tubules by: A. Stimulating carbonic anhydrase B. Activating Na+ K+ ATPase C. Inducing the synthesis of Na+ K+ ATPase D. Inducing renal prostaglandin synthesis

Description : Aldosterone enhances Na+ reabsorption in renal tubules by: A. Stimulating carbonic anhydrase B. Activating Na+ K+ ATPase C. Inducing the synthesis of Na+ K+ ATPase D. Inducing renal prostaglandin synthesis

Last Answer : C. Inducing the synthesis of Na+ K+ ATPase

Choose the correct statement about osmotic diuretics: A. They are large molecular weight substances which form colloidal solution B. Their primary site of action is collecting ducts in the kidney C. They increase water excretion without increasing salt excretion D. They can lower intraocular pressure

Description : Choose the correct statement about osmotic diuretics: A. They are large molecular weight substances which form colloidal solution B. Their primary site of action is collecting ducts in the ... C. They increase water excretion without increasing salt excretion D. They can lower intraocular pressure

Last Answer : D. They can lower intraocular pressure

The tear film: a. has a higher pH than the serum b. has a lower concentration of glucose than the serum c. the oily component is secreted by the meibomian glands d. all above

Description : The tear film: a. has a higher pH than the serum b. has a lower concentration of glucose than the serum c. the oily component is secreted by the meibomian glands d. all above

Last Answer : all above

True statements about the aqueous humour: a. has a higher lactic acid concentration than in the plasma b. the glucose levels is lower than that of the plasma levels c. the ascorbic acid concentration is twice that of the plasma d. it contains the same concentration of protein as in the plasma e. the rate of formation is about 2.5ul/minute

Description : True statements about the aqueous humour: a. has a higher lactic acid concentration than in the plasma b. the glucose levels is lower than that of the plasma levels c. the ascorbic acid ... same concentration of protein as in the plasma e. the rate of formation is about 2.5ul/minute

Last Answer : has a higher lactic acid concentration than in the plasma