For optimum rehydration, the molar concentration of glucose in ORS should be: A. Equal to or somewhat higher than the molar concentration of Na+ B. Somewhat lower than molar concentration of Na+ C. One third the molar concentration of Na+ D. Three times the molar concentration of Na+

For optimum rehydration, the molar concentration of
glucose in ORS should be:
A. Equal to or somewhat higher than the molar
concentration of Na+
B. Somewhat lower than molar concentration
of Na+
C. One third the molar concentration of Na+
D. Three times the molar concentration of Na+
by

1 Answer

Answer :

A. Equal to or somewhat higher than the molar
concentration of Na
by

Related questions

The 'new formula' WHO-ORS differs from the older 'standard formula' WHO-ORS in the following respect(s): A. It has lower Na+ ion and glucose concentration B. It has higher K+ ion concentration C. It has no basic salt D. Both 'B' and 'C' are correct

Description : The 'new formula' WHO-ORS differs from the older 'standard formula' WHO-ORS in the following respect(s): A. It has lower Na+ ion and glucose concentration B. It has higher K+ ion concentration C. It has no basic salt D. Both 'B' and 'C' are correct

Last Answer : A. It has lower Na+ ion and glucose concentration

The following is true of 'new formula' WHO-ORS: A. It has Na+ ion concentration of 75 mM/L B. Its glucose concentration is 75 mM/L C. Its total osmolarity is 245 mOsm/L D. All of the above are correct

Description : The following is true of 'new formula' WHO-ORS: A. It has Na+ ion concentration of 75 mM/L B. Its glucose concentration is 75 mM/L C. Its total osmolarity is 245 mOsm/L D. All of the above are correct

Last Answer : D. All of the above are correct

The success of oral rehydration therapy of diarrhoea depends upon the following process in the intestinal mucosa: A. Sodium pump mediated Na+ absorption B. Glucose coupled Na+ absorption C. Bicarbonate coupled Na+ absorption D. Passive Na+ diffusion secondary to nutrient absorption

Description : The success of oral rehydration therapy of diarrhoea depends upon the following process in the intestinal mucosa: A. Sodium pump mediated Na+ absorption B. Glucose coupled Na+ absorption C. Bicarbonate coupled Na+ absorption D. Passive Na+ diffusion secondary to nutrient absorption

Last Answer : B. Glucose coupled Na+ absorption

The concentration of sodium ions in the standard WHO oral rehydration solution is: A. 40 m moles/L B. 60 m moles/L C. 90 m moles/L D. 110 m moles/L

Description : The concentration of sodium ions in the standard WHO oral rehydration solution is: A. 40 m moles/L B. 60 m moles/L C. 90 m moles/L D. 110 m moles/L

Last Answer : C. 90 m moles/L

With reference to factors affecting the rate of photosynthesis, which of the following statements is not correct? (a) Increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration up to 0.05% can enhance CO2 fixation rate.(b) C3 plants respond to higher temperature with enhanced photosynthesis while C4 plants have much lower temperature optimum. (c) Tomato is a greenhouse crop which can be grown in CO2-enriched atmosphere for higher yield. (d) Light saturation for CO2 fixation occurs at 10% of full sunlight.

Description : With reference to factors affecting the rate of photosynthesis, which of the following statements is not correct? (a) Increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration up to 0.05% can enhance CO2 fixation rate. ( ... for higher yield. (d) Light saturation for CO2 fixation occurs at 10% of full sunlight.

Last Answer : (b) C3 plants respond to higher temperature with enhanced photosynthesis while C4 plants have much lower temperature optimum

With reference to factors affecting the rate of photosynthesis, which of the following statements is not correct ? (1) Increasing atmospheric CO 2 concentration up to 0.05% can enhance CO 2 fixation rate (2) C 3 plants respond to higher temperatures with enhanced photosynthesis while C 4 plants have much lower temperature optimum (3) Tomato is a greenhouse crop which can be grown in CO 2 - enriched atmosphere for higher yield (4) Light saturation for CO 2 fixation occurs at 10% of full sunlight

Description : With reference to factors affecting the rate of photosynthesis, which of the following statements is not correct ? (1) Increasing atmospheric CO 2 concentration up to 0.05% can enhance CO 2 fixation ... for higher yield (4) Light saturation for CO 2 fixation occurs at 10% of full sunlight

Last Answer : (2) C 3 plants respond to higher temperatures with enhanced photosynthesis while C 4 plants have much lower temperature optimum

Apart from diarrhoea, oral rehydration solution has been employed in: A. Severe vomiting B. Burn cases C. Heat stroke D. Both ‘B’ and ‘C

Description : Apart from diarrhoea, oral rehydration solution has been employed in: A. Severe vomiting B. Burn cases C. Heat stroke D. Both ‘B’ and ‘C

Last Answer : D. Both ‘B’ and ‘C

Institution of oral rehydration therapy has the following beneficial effect in diarrhoea: A. Stops further diarrhoea B. Restores hydration and electrolyte balance without affecting diarrhoea C. Hastens clearance of the enteropathogen D. Obviates the need for specific antimicrobial therapy

Description : Institution of oral rehydration therapy has the following beneficial effect in diarrhoea: A. Stops further diarrhoea B. Restores hydration and electrolyte balance without affecting diarrhoea C. Hastens clearance of the enteropathogen D. Obviates the need for specific antimicrobial therapy

Last Answer : B. Restores hydration and electrolyte balance without affecting diarrhoea

The electrolyte composition of standard WHO oral rehydration solution is based upon that of: A. Enterotoxigenic E. coli diarrhoea stools B. Cholera stools in adults C. Cholera stools in children D. Rotavirus diarrhoea stools

Description : The electrolyte composition of standard WHO oral rehydration solution is based upon that of: A. Enterotoxigenic E. coli diarrhoea stools B. Cholera stools in adults C. Cholera stools in children D. Rotavirus diarrhoea stools

Last Answer : C. Cholera stools in children

Diazoxide is an effective hypotensive, but is not used in the long-term treatment of hypertension because: A. It impairs glucose tolerance by inhibiting insulin release B. It inhibits uric acid excretion C. It causes marked Na+ and water retention leading to development of tolerance D. All of the above

Description : Diazoxide is an effective hypotensive, but is not used in the long-term treatment of hypertension because: A. It impairs glucose tolerance by inhibiting insulin release B. It inhibits uric acid ... causes marked Na+ and water retention leading to development of tolerance D. All of the above

Last Answer : D. All of the above

hat is/are the consequence(s) of myocardial Na+ K+ ATPase inhibition by digoxin: A. Increased intracellular Na+ ion concentration B. Increased cytosolic Ca2+ ion concentration C. Increased intracellular K+ ion concentration D. Both ‘A’ and ‘B’ are correct

Description : hat is/are the consequence(s) of myocardial Na+ K+ ATPase inhibition by digoxin: A. Increased intracellular Na+ ion concentration B. Increased cytosolic Ca2+ ion concentration C. Increased intracellular K+ ion concentration D. Both ‘A’ and ‘B’ are correct

Last Answer : D. Both ‘A’ and ‘B’ are correct

The tear film: a. has a higher pH than the serum b. has a lower concentration of glucose than the serum c. the oily component is secreted by the meibomian glands d. all above

Description : The tear film: a. has a higher pH than the serum b. has a lower concentration of glucose than the serum c. the oily component is secreted by the meibomian glands d. all above

Last Answer : all above

True statements about the aqueous humour: a. has a higher lactic acid concentration than in the plasma b. the glucose levels is lower than that of the plasma levels c. the ascorbic acid concentration is twice that of the plasma d. it contains the same concentration of protein as in the plasma e. the rate of formation is about 2.5ul/minute

Description : True statements about the aqueous humour: a. has a higher lactic acid concentration than in the plasma b. the glucose levels is lower than that of the plasma levels c. the ascorbic acid ... same concentration of protein as in the plasma e. the rate of formation is about 2.5ul/minute

Last Answer : has a higher lactic acid concentration than in the plasma

The need to produce concentrated urine is detected in the brain is due to the increase in the concentration of (a) Glucose in the blood (b) K+ in the blood (c) Na+ in the blood (d) Carbonic acid in the blood

Description : The need to produce concentrated urine is detected in the brain is due to the increase in the concentration of (a) Glucose in the blood (b) K+ in the blood (c) Na+ in the blood (d) Carbonic acid in the blood

Last Answer : Ans:(c)

The characteristic feature of phenytoin pharmacokinetics is: A. High first pass metabolism B. Nonsaturation kinetics of metabolism C. Capacity limited metabolism saturating at higher therapeutic concentration range D. Extrahepatic metabolism

Description : The characteristic feature of phenytoin pharmacokinetics is: A. High first pass metabolism B. Nonsaturation kinetics of metabolism C. Capacity limited metabolism saturating at higher therapeutic concentration range D. Extrahepatic metabolism

Last Answer : C. Capacity limited metabolism saturating at higher therapeutic concentration range

Which racial difference in response to drugs has been mentioned incorrectly below: A. Africans require higher concentration of atropine to dilate pupils B. Black races are more responsive to antihypertensive action of beta blockers C. Japanese are more prone to develop SMON due to halogenated hydroxyquinolines D. Chloramphenicol induced aplastic anaemia is rare among Indians

Description : Which racial difference in response to drugs has been mentioned incorrectly below: A. Africans require higher concentration of atropine to dilate pupils B. Black races are more responsive ... SMON due to halogenated hydroxyquinolines D. Chloramphenicol induced aplastic anaemia is rare among Indians

Last Answer : B. Black races are more responsive to antihypertensive action of beta blockers

Relatively higher dose of theophylline is required to attain therapeutic plasma concentration in: A. Smokers B. Congestive heart failure patients C. Those receiving erythromycin D. Those receiving cimetidine

Description : Relatively higher dose of theophylline is required to attain therapeutic plasma concentration in: A. Smokers B. Congestive heart failure patients C. Those receiving erythromycin D. Those receiving cimetidine

Last Answer : A. Smokers

Compared to older tetracyclines, doxycycline produces a lower incidence of superinfection diarrhoea because: A. It is completely absorbed in the small intestines so that drug concentration in the colonic contents is low B. It is inactivated by the gut microflora C. It is not active against the microbes of the normal gut flora D. It is a potent tetracycline and inhibits

Description : Compared to older tetracyclines, doxycycline produces a lower incidence of superinfection diarrhoea because: A. It is completely absorbed in the small intestines so that drug concentration in the colonic contents ... the microbes of the normal gut flora D. It is a potent tetracycline and inhibits

Last Answer : A. It is completely absorbed in the small intestines so that drug concentration in the colonic contents is low

The principles of antihypertensive drug usage enunciated in JNC VI and WHO-ISH guidelines include the following except: A. Therapy for grade I and II hypertension should be initiated with a single drug B. Dose of thiazide diuretic should be 12.5-25 mg hydrochlorothiazide or equivalent per day C. All subjects with BP higher than 140/90 mmHg should be put on antihypertensive medication immediately D. If the drug chosen initially fails to lower BP, it should be replaced by a drug/combination from another class

Description : The principles of antihypertensive drug usage enunciated in JNC VI and WHO-ISH guidelines include the following except: A. Therapy for grade I and II hypertension should be initiated with a single drug ... initially fails to lower BP, it should be replaced by a drug/combination from another class

Last Answer : C. All subjects with BP higher than 140/90 mmHg should be put on antihypertensive medication immediately

Safe limit of daily alcohol consumption is: A. Same for men and women B. Relatively lower for women than for men C. Relatively higher for women than for men D. Less than half for women than for men

Description : Safe limit of daily alcohol consumption is: A. Same for men and women B. Relatively lower for women than for men C. Relatively higher for women than for men D. Less than half for women than for men

Last Answer : B. Relatively lower for women than for men

In spinal anaesthesia the segmental level of: A. Sympathetic block is lower than the sensory block B. Sympathetic block is higher than the sensory block C. Motor block is higher than the sensory block D. Sympathetic, motor and sensory block has the same level

Description : In spinal anaesthesia the segmental level of: A. Sympathetic block is lower than the sensory block B. Sympathetic block is higher than the sensory block C. Motor block is higher than the sensory block D. Sympathetic, motor and sensory block has the same level

Last Answer : B. Sympathetic block is higher than the sensory block

The daily dose of estrogen for hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women is: A. Same as for contraception B. Higher than that for contraception C. Lower than that for contraception D. Variable depending on the age of the woman

Description : The daily dose of estrogen for hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women is: A. Same as for contraception B. Higher than that for contraception C. Lower than that for contraception D. Variable depending on the age of the woman

Last Answer : C. Lower than that for contraception

Benzodiazepines differ from barbiturates in the following aspects except: A. They have a steeper dose response curve B. They have higher therapeutic index C. They have lower abuse liability D. They do not induce microsomal drug metabolizing enzymes

Description : Benzodiazepines differ from barbiturates in the following aspects except: A. They have a steeper dose response curve B. They have higher therapeutic index C. They have lower abuse liability D. They do not induce microsomal drug metabolizing enzymes

Last Answer : A. They have a steeper dose response curve

Many food brokers are more accurately described as manufacturers' agents because they A)handle food products from a single manufacturer. B)provide assistance in grading, negotiating, and inspecting foods. C)have specialised knowledge of a particular commodity. D)provide services on a somewhat permanent basis and operate in specific geographic territories. E)charge higher commissions than most other brokers.

Description : Many food brokers are more accurately described as manufacturers' agents because they A)handle food products from a single manufacturer. B)provide assistance in grading, negotiating, and ... and operate in specific geographic territories. E)charge higher commissions than most other brokers.

Last Answer : D)provide services on a somewhat permanent basis and operate in specific geographic territories

The resting membrane potential of a cell a. is dependent on the permeability of the cell membrane to K+ being greater than the permeability to Na+ b. falls to zero immediately when Na+, K+ ATPase in the membrane is inhibited c. is usually equal to the equilibrium potential for K+ d. is usually equal to the equilibrium potential for Na+ e. is markedly altered if the extracellular Na+ concentration is increased

Description : The resting membrane potential of a cell a. is dependent on the permeability of the cell membrane to K+ being greater than the permeability to Na+ b. falls to zero immediately when Na+ ... the equilibrium potential for Na+ e. is markedly altered if the extracellular Na+ concentration is increased

Last Answer : is dependent on the permeability of the cell membrane to K+ being greater than the permeability to Na+

[Serious] ors who believe in God or a Higher Power; what experiences made you believe?

Description : [Serious] ors who believe in God or a Higher Power; what experiences made you believe?

Last Answer : Need Answer.

yocardial Na+ channel blockade by lignocaine has the following characteristic: A. It blocks inactivated Na+ channels more than activated channels B. It blocks activated Na+ channels more than inactivated channels C. It delays rate of recovery of Na+ channels D. It produces more prominent blockade of atrial than ventricular Na+ channels

Description : yocardial Na+ channel blockade by lignocaine has the following characteristic: A. It blocks inactivated Na+ channels more than activated channels B. It blocks activated Na+ channels more than inactivated ... Na+ channels D. It produces more prominent blockade of atrial than ventricular Na+ channels

Last Answer : A. It blocks inactivated Na+ channels more than activated channels

The following are found in higher concentration in the tear than in the serum: a. sodium b. potassium c. Ig G d. glucose

Description : The following are found in higher concentration in the tear than in the serum: a. sodium b. potassium c. Ig G d. glucose

Last Answer : potassium

The following have a lower concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) than plasma: a. glucose b. sodium c. potassium d. magnesium

Description : The following have a lower concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) than plasma: a. glucose b. sodium c. potassium d. magnesium

Last Answer : magnesium

Cyclic nucleotides exert the following action on salt transport across intestinal mucosal cells: A. Both cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP enhance Cland HCO3 – secretion B. Cyclic AMP enhances but cyclic GMP inhibits Cl– and HCO3 – secretion C. Cyclic AMP inhibits but cyclic GMP enhances Na+ and Cl– reabsorption D. Both cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP enhance Na+ and Cl– reabsorption

Description : Cyclic nucleotides exert the following action on salt transport across intestinal mucosal cells: A. Both cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP enhance Cland HCO3 - secretion B. Cyclic AMP enhances but cyclic GMP ... Cl- reabsorption D. Both cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP enhance Na+ and Cl- reabsorption

Last Answer : A. Both cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP enhance Cland HCO3 – secreti

The following diuretic acts on the luminal membrane of distal tubule and collecting ducts to inhibit electrogenic Na+ reabsorption so that K+ excretion is diminished and bicarbonate excretion is enhanced: A. Xipamide B. Isosorbide C. Triamterene D. Spironolactone

Description : The following diuretic acts on the luminal membrane of distal tubule and collecting ducts to inhibit electrogenic Na+ reabsorption so that K+ excretion is diminished and bicarbonate excretion is enhanced: A. Xipamide B. Isosorbide C. Triamterene D. Spironolactone

Last Answer : C. Triamterene

Amiloride has the following effect on urinary cation excretion: A. Decreases both K+ and H+ ion excretion B. Decreases K+ excretion but increases H+ ion excretion C. Increases K+ but decreases Na+ excretion D. Decreases both Na+ and K+ excretion

Description : Amiloride has the following effect on urinary cation excretion: A. Decreases both K+ and H+ ion excretion B. Decreases K+ excretion but increases H+ ion excretion C. Increases K+ but decreases Na+ excretion D. Decreases both Na+ and K+ excretion

Last Answer : A. Decreases both K+ and H+ ion excretion

Amiloride inhibits K+ excretion in the distal tubules and collecting ducts by blocking: A. Electrogenic K+ channels B. Electrogenic Na+ channels C. Nonelectrogenic Na+-Cl– symport D. H+K+ATPase

Description : Amiloride inhibits K+ excretion in the distal tubules and collecting ducts by blocking: A. Electrogenic K+ channels B. Electrogenic Na+ channels C. Nonelectrogenic Na+-Cl– symport D. H+K+ATPase

Last Answer : B. Electrogenic Na+ channels

Aldosterone increases Na+ reabsorption and K+ excretion in the renal collecting duct cells by: A. Inducing synthesis of Na+K+ATPase B. Inducing synthesis of amiloride sensitive Na+ channels C. Translocating Na+ channels from cytosolic site to luminal membrane D. All of the above

Description : Aldosterone increases Na+ reabsorption and K+ excretion in the renal collecting duct cells by: A. Inducing synthesis of Na+K+ATPase B. Inducing synthesis of amiloride sensitive Na+ channels C. Translocating Na+ channels from cytosolic site to luminal membrane D. All of the above

Last Answer : D. All of the above

Thiazide diuretics enhance K+ elimination in urine primarily by: A. Inhibiting proximal tubular K+ reabsorption B. Inhibiting Na+ K+-2Cl– cotransport in the ascending limb of loop of Henle C. Increasing the availability of Na+ in the distal tubular fluid to exchange with interstitial K+ D. Potentiating the action of aldosterone

Description : Thiazide diuretics enhance K+ elimination in urine primarily by: A. Inhibiting proximal tubular K+ reabsorption B. Inhibiting Na+ K+-2Cl- cotransport in the ascending limb of loop of Henle C ... in the distal tubular fluid to exchange with interstitial K+ D. Potentiating the action of aldosterone

Last Answer : C. Increasing the availability of Na+ in the distal tubular fluid to exchange with interstitial K

The Na+-Cl– symport in the early distal convoluted tubule of the kidney is inhibited by: A. Thiazides B. Metolazone C. Xipamide D. All of the above

Description : The Na+-Cl– symport in the early distal convoluted tubule of the kidney is inhibited by: A. Thiazides B. Metolazone C. Xipamide D. All of the above

Last Answer : D. All of the above

Furosemide acts by inhibiting the following in the renal tubular cell: A. Na+-K+-2Cl– cotransporter B. Na+-Cl– symporter C. Na+-H+ antiporter D. Na+ K+ ATPase

Description : Furosemide acts by inhibiting the following in the renal tubular cell: A. Na+-K+-2Cl– cotransporter B. Na+-Cl– symporter C. Na+-H+ antiporter D. Na+ K+ ATPase

Last Answer : A. Na+-K+-2Cl– cotransporter

Secretion of K+ in the late distal tubule and collecting ducts of kidney depends on: A. Intracellular K+ content B. Unabsorbed Na+ load presented to the distal segment C. Aldosterone level D. All of the above

Description : Secretion of K+ in the late distal tubule and collecting ducts of kidney depends on: A. Intracellular K+ content B. Unabsorbed Na+ load presented to the distal segment C. Aldosterone level D. All of the above

Last Answer : D. All of the above

he following is true of nifedipine except: A. It can aggravate urine voiding difficulty in elderly males with prostatic hypertrophy B. It promotes Na+ retention by a renal tubular action to cause ankle oedema as side effect C. It can inhibit insulin release from pancreas D. At high doses it can paradoxically increase the frequency of angina pectori

Description : he following is true of nifedipine except: A. It can aggravate urine voiding difficulty in elderly males with prostatic hypertrophy B. It promotes Na+ retention by a renal tubular action to ... release from pancreas D. At high doses it can paradoxically increase the frequency of angina pectori

Last Answer : B. It promotes Na+ retention by a renal tubular action to cause ankle oedema as side effect

The following is true of propafenone except: A. It is a weak Na+ channel blocker B. It markedly delays recovery of myocardial Na+ channels C. It has additional β-adrenergic blocking property D. It slows anterograde as well as retrograde conduction in the WPW bypass tract

Description : The following is true of propafenone except: A. It is a weak Na+ channel blocker B. It markedly delays recovery of myocardial Na+ channels C. It has additional β-adrenergic blocking property D. It slows anterograde as well as retrograde conduction in the WPW bypass tract

Last Answer : A. It is a weak Na+ channel blocker

The following is not true of quinidine: A. It blocks myocardial Na+ channels primarily in the open state B. It has no effect on myocardial K+ channels C. It produces frequency dependent blockade of myocardial Na+ channels D. It delays recovery of myocardial Na+ channels

Description : The following is not true of quinidine: A. It blocks myocardial Na+ channels primarily in the open state B. It has no effect on myocardial K+ channels C. It produces frequency dependent blockade of myocardial Na+ channels D. It delays recovery of myocardial Na+ channels

Last Answer : B. It has no effect on myocardial K+ channels

The principal action common to all class I antiarrhythmic drugs is: A. Na+ channel blockade B. K+ channel opening C. Depression of impulse conduction D. Prolongation of effective refractory period

Description : The principal action common to all class I antiarrhythmic drugs is: A. Na+ channel blockade B. K+ channel opening C. Depression of impulse conduction D. Prolongation of effective refractory period

Last Answer : A. Na+ channel blockade

Raised plasma aldosterone level in CHF contributes to disease progression by exerting the following effects except: A. Fibrotic remodeling of myocardium B. Hyperkalemia and hypermagnesemia C. Increasing cardiac preload by Na+ and water retention D. Enhancing cardiotoxicity of sympathetic overactivity

Description : Raised plasma aldosterone level in CHF contributes to disease progression by exerting the following effects except: A. Fibrotic remodeling of myocardium B. Hyperkalemia and hypermagnesemia C. ... cardiac preload by Na+ and water retention D. Enhancing cardiotoxicity of sympathetic overactivity

Last Answer : B. Hyperkalemia and hypermagnesemia

Potassium therapy tends to counteract the cardiac toxicity of digitalis by: A. Reducing the affinity of sarcolemal Na+ K+ATPase for digitalis B. Suppressing ectopic automaticity enhanced by digitalis C. Promoting A-V conduction D. Both 'A' and 'B' are correct

Description : Potassium therapy tends to counteract the cardiac toxicity of digitalis by: A. Reducing the affinity of sarcolemal Na+ K+ATPase for digitalis B. Suppressing ectopic automaticity enhanced by digitalis C. Promoting A-V conduction D. Both 'A' and 'B' are correct

Last Answer : D. Both 'A' and 'B' are correct

The positive inotropic action of digoxin takes several hours to develop because: A. Binding of digoxin to Na+K+ATPase is slow B. After Na+K+ATPase inhibition by digoxin, Ca2+ loading of myocardial fibres occurs progressively with each contraction C. Digoxin inhibits Na+K+ATPase through modification of gene function which takes time D. Both ‘A’ and ‘B’ are correc

Description : The positive inotropic action of digoxin takes several hours to develop because: A. Binding of digoxin to Na+K+ATPase is slow B. After Na+K+ATPase inhibition by digoxin, Ca2+ loading of myocardial ... +ATPase through modification of gene function which takes time D. Both A' and B' are correc

Last Answer : D. Both ‘A’ and ‘B’ are correct

Angiotensin III is equipotent to angiotensin II in: A. Releasing aldosterone from adrenal cortex B. Promoting Na+ and water reabsorption by direct intrarenal action C. Causing vasoconstriction D. Contracting intestinal smooth muscle

Description : Angiotensin III is equipotent to angiotensin II in: A. Releasing aldosterone from adrenal cortex B. Promoting Na+ and water reabsorption by direct intrarenal action C. Causing vasoconstriction D. Contracting intestinal smooth muscle

Last Answer : A. Releasing aldosterone from adrenal cortex

6 Choose the drug that has been labelled as a 'noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressant' or 'Na SSA': A. Mirtazapine B. Mianserin C. Venlafaxine D. Sertraline

Description : 6 Choose the drug that has been labelled as a 'noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressant' or 'Na SSA': A. Mirtazapine B. Mianserin C. Venlafaxine D. Sertraline

Last Answer : A. Mirtazapine

Sodium valproate has been shown to: A. Prolong neuronal Na+ channel inactivation B. Attenuate ‘T’ type Ca2+ current in neurones C. Inhibit degradation of GABA by GABA-transaminase D. All of the above

Description : Sodium valproate has been shown to: A. Prolong neuronal Na+ channel inactivation B. Attenuate ‘T’ type Ca2+ current in neurones C. Inhibit degradation of GABA by GABA-transaminase D. All of the above

Last Answer : D. All of the above

The most probable mechanism of anticonvulsant action of phenytoin is: A. Facilitation of GABAergic inhibitory transmission B. Hyperpolarization of neurones C. Interaction with Ca2+ channels to promote Ca2+ influx D. Prolongation of voltage sensitive neuronal Na+ channel inactivation

Description : The most probable mechanism of anticonvulsant action of phenytoin is: A. Facilitation of GABAergic inhibitory transmission B. Hyperpolarization of neurones C. Interaction with Ca2+ channels to promote Ca2+ influx D. Prolongation of voltage sensitive neuronal Na+ channel inactivation

Last Answer : D. Prolongation of voltage sensitive neuronal Na+ channel inactivation